Category:Business: Difference between revisions

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A map with a conceptual overview of the peer to peer business space. ''Every concept in the map is searchable via our wiki search box on the left''.  
A map with a conceptual overview of the peer to peer business space. ''Every concept in the map is searchable via our wiki search box on the left''.  


Recommended reading:
Recommended reading:
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*The peer producers are their own consumers. They get a better product by tapping into the knowledge pool. And they get a product that exactly fits their needs because they help design it. - Eric Schonfeld [http://www.business2.com/b2/web/articles/0,17863,1112586,00.html]
*The peer producers are their own consumers. They get a better product by tapping into the knowledge pool. And they get a product that exactly fits their needs because they help design it. - Eric Schonfeld [http://www.business2.com/b2/web/articles/0,17863,1112586,00.html]
*In this new world, if it doesn’t spread, it’s dead. And those companies which seek to prohibit the manipulation and circulation of their content will find themselves cut off from the mechanisms which generate value in this new media economy. - Henry Jenkins [http://newteevee.com/2007/12/28/ntv-predictions-video-copyright/]
*In this new world, if it doesn’t spread, it’s dead. And those companies which seek to prohibit the manipulation and circulation of their content will find themselves cut off from the mechanisms which generate value in this new media economy. - Henry Jenkins [http://newteevee.com/2007/12/28/ntv-predictions-video-copyright/]


=Long Citations=
=Long Citations=
===Competing 'on top' of the Commons===
===Competing 'on top' of the Commons===
David Bollier:
"One of the best ways to stimulate competition, innovation and lower prices is for participants in a market to honor the commons (a shared pool of resources, a minimal set of safety or performance standards) and then to compete "on top" of the commons.  Instead of being able to reap easy profits from monopoly control over something everyone needs -- say, a computer operating system like Windows -- a company must work harder to "add value" in more specialized ways."
"One of the best ways to stimulate competition, innovation and lower prices is for participants in a market to honor the commons (a shared pool of resources, a minimal set of safety or performance standards) and then to compete "on top" of the commons.  Instead of being able to reap easy profits from monopoly control over something everyone needs -- say, a computer operating system like Windows -- a company must work harder to "add value" in more specialized ways."
(http://onthecommons.org/node/1196)
(http://onthecommons.org/node/1196)
- David Bollier


===The Sharing Economy should be distinguished from the Monetary Economy===
===The Sharing Economy should be distinguished from the Monetary Economy===
"... the quest for self-determination and  meaningful and memorable
"... the quest for self-determination and  meaningful and memorable
experiences ultimately will hinge on people's understanding that they are
experiences ultimately will hinge on people's understanding that they are
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- Eric Kluitenberg, iDC archive [http://mailman.thing.net/pipermail/idc/]
- Eric Kluitenberg, iDC archive [http://mailman.thing.net/pipermail/idc/]


===Market Logic vs. Network Logic===
===Market Logic vs. Network Logic===
"The philosophy that undergirds exchange also contrasts sharply across forms. '''In markets the standard strategy is to drive the hardest possible bargain in the immediate exchange. In networks, the preferred option is often one of creating indebtedness and reliance over the long haul. Each approach thus devalues the other: prosperous market traders would be viewed as petty and untrustworthy shysters in networks, while successful participants in networks who carried those practices into competitive markets would be viewed as foolish and naive...''' In a market context, it is clear to everyone concerned when a debt has been discharged, but such matters and not nearly as obvious in networks."
"The philosophy that undergirds exchange also contrasts sharply across forms. '''In markets the standard strategy is to drive the hardest possible bargain in the immediate exchange. In networks, the preferred option is often one of creating indebtedness and reliance over the long haul. Each approach thus devalues the other: prosperous market traders would be viewed as petty and untrustworthy shysters in networks, while successful participants in networks who carried those practices into competitive markets would be viewed as foolish and naive...''' In a market context, it is clear to everyone concerned when a debt has been discharged, but such matters and not nearly as obvious in networks."


- Walter Powell - "Niether Market Nor Hierarchy: Network Forms of
- Walter Powell - "Niether Market Nor Hierarchy: Network Forms of
Organization" 1990
Organization" 1990


===Markets without Money===
===Markets without Money===
"Money is a very important and useful medium of exchange for high-value, tangible products. For small-value, intangible products, the costs tend to exceed the value of the transactions—especially when you add in the overhead associated with making payments at a distance. Fortunately, human beings are clever. We’ve begun to find a variety of substitutes for money that work better."
"Money is a very important and useful medium of exchange for high-value, tangible products. For small-value, intangible products, the costs tend to exceed the value of the transactions—especially when you add in the overhead associated with making payments at a distance. Fortunately, human beings are clever. We’ve begun to find a variety of substitutes for money that work better."


- Tim Lee [http://www.techliberation.com/archives/040398.php]
- Tim Lee [http://www.techliberation.com/archives/040398.php]


===Social Commerce and the Intention Economy===
===Social Commerce and the Intention Economy===
"only 13% of consumers say they buy products because of their ads. Contrast that to 60% of small business owners in North America that say they use peer recommendations to make their buying decisions and over 70% of 18-35 year olds who report the same for their media purchases."
"only 13% of consumers say they buy products because of their ads. Contrast that to 60% of small business owners in North America that say they use peer recommendations to make their buying decisions and over 70% of 18-35 year olds who report the same for their media purchases."


- Tara Hunt [http://www.horsepigcow.com/2007/09/13/how-to-make-a-gabillion-dollars-with-community-marketingor-something-to-that-effect/]
- Tara Hunt [http://www.horsepigcow.com/2007/09/13/how-to-make-a-gabillion-dollars-with-community-marketingor-something-to-that-effect/]


=Key External Articles=
=Key External Articles=


'''On the Economics of the Commons:'''
#On the Economics of the Commons
 
##[[Circulation of the Common]]. Nick Dyer-Whiteford.
#[[Circulation of the Common]]. Nick Dyer-Whiteford.
##[[Common Rights vs Collective Rights]] is an essay by Dan Sullivan in which he also explains the difference between [[Common Property]] and collective property.
#[[Common Rights vs Collective Rights]] is an essay by Dan Sullivan in which he also explains the difference between [[Common Property]] and collective property.
##[[Can peer production make washing machines?]]. By Graham Seaman.
#[[Can peer production make washing machines?]]. By Graham Seaman.
#On [[Information Economics]]
##JP Barlow, “The [[Economy of Ideas]]: [http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/2.03/economy.ideas_pr.html A framework for patents and copyrights in the Digital Age]”, Wired 2.03 (March 1994)
##E Dyson , “[http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/3.07/dyson_pr.html Intellectual Value]”, Wired 3.07 (July 1995)
##K Kelly, “The [http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.06/romer_pr.html Economics of Ideas]”, Wired 4.06 (June 1996)
#On [[Open Source]] economics
##[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap3.pdf The economics of open source]
##[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap14.pdf Open source as user innovation] – von Hippel
##[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap15.pdf Analysis of OS Business models]
##[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap16.pdf Allocation of resources in OS mode]
##[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chapm2.pdf Open source outside software] – Clay Shirky
#On the Economics of Participation
##[[Ten Principles for an Ethical Blogger Approach For Marketers]]
##[http://blogs.salon.com//2006/12/05.html#a1717 Which tools to use for collaboration in business?] - recommended overview table.
##The [http://wiki.icommons.org/index.php/The_OpenBusiness_Guide Open Business Guide]


'''On [[Information Economics]]:'''
#JP Barlow, “The [[Economy of Ideas]]: [http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/2.03/economy.ideas_pr.html A framework for patents and copyrights in the Digital Age]”, Wired 2.03 (March 1994)
#E Dyson , “[http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/3.07/dyson_pr.html Intellectual Value]”, Wired 3.07 (July 1995)
#K Kelly, “The [http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.06/romer_pr.html Economics of Ideas]”, Wired 4.06 (June 1996)
'''On [[Open Source]] economics:'''
#[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap3.pdf The economics of open source]
#[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap14.pdf Open source as user innovation] – von Hippel
#[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap15.pdf Analysis of OS Business models]
#[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chap16.pdf Allocation of resources in OS mode]
#[http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/0262562278chapm2.pdf Open source outside software] – Clay Shirky
'''On the Economics of Participation:'''
#[[Ten Principles for an Ethical Blogger Approach For Marketers]]
#[http://blogs.salon.com//2006/12/05.html#a1717 Which tools to use for collaboration in business?] - recommended overview table.
#The [http://wiki.icommons.org/index.php/The_OpenBusiness_Guide Open Business Guide]


=Key Internal Entries=
=Key Internal Entries=


Check the following priority entries:
Check the following priority entries:


#From consumption to produsage
#From consumption to produsage
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##The new capitalism
##The new capitalism
###[[Hacker Class]], [[Netarchical Capitalism]] ; [[P2P Capitalism]] ; [[Cooperative Capitalism]] ; [[Peer Production Entrepreneurs]]
###[[Hacker Class]], [[Netarchical Capitalism]] ; [[P2P Capitalism]] ; [[Cooperative Capitalism]] ; [[Peer Production Entrepreneurs]]


=Key Tags=
=Key Tags=
[http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Advertising P2P-Advertising]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Desktop-Manufacturing Desktop Manufacturing]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Distributed-Capitalism Distributed Capitalism]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Innovation Innovation]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Netarchical-Capitalism Netarchical Capitalism]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Open-Source-Commercialization Open Source Commercialization]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Banking P2P Banking]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Business P2P Business Developments]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Capitalism P2P Capitalism]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Economics P2P Economics]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Exchanges P2P Exchanges]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Management P2P Management Developments]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Money P2P-Money]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Production P2P-Production]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Property P2P-Property]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Revenue-Sharing Revenue Sharing]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Social-Commerce Social Commerce]
[http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Advertising P2P-Advertising]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Desktop-Manufacturing Desktop Manufacturing]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Distributed-Capitalism Distributed Capitalism]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Innovation Innovation]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Netarchical-Capitalism Netarchical Capitalism]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Open-Source-Commercialization Open Source Commercialization]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Banking P2P Banking]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Business P2P Business Developments]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Capitalism P2P Capitalism]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Economics P2P Economics]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Exchanges P2P Exchanges]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Management P2P Management Developments]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Money P2P-Money]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Production P2P-Production]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Property P2P-Property]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Revenue-Sharing Revenue Sharing]; [http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Social-Commerce Social Commerce]




==Related Issues of P2P News==
==Related Issues of P2P News==
* [http://integralvisioning.org/article.php?story=p2p103 Funding for peer production], Issue 103 of P2P News  
* [http://integralvisioning.org/article.php?story=p2p103 Funding for peer production], Issue 103 of P2P News  
* [http://integralvisioning.org/article.php?story=p2p102 P2P and Market Exchange, practices], Issue 102 of P2P News
* [http://integralvisioning.org/article.php?story=p2p102 P2P and Market Exchange, practices], Issue 102 of P2P News
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=External Sources=
=External Sources=
==Selected Wikipedia entries==
==Selected Wikipedia entries==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altruistic_Economics Altruistic Economics]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altruistic_Economics Altruistic Economics]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genuine_Progress_Indicator Genuine Progress Indicator]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genuine_Progress_Indicator Genuine Progress Indicator]
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==Selected Podcasts==
==Selected Podcasts==
*[[Chris Anderson on the Long Tail]]
*[[Chris Anderson on the Long Tail]]
*[[Clayton Christensen on Open Source and Innovation in Business]]
*[[Clayton Christensen on Open Source and Innovation in Business]]
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*[[Michael Goldhaber on the Attention Economy]]
*[[Michael Goldhaber on the Attention Economy]]
*[[Yochai Benkler on the Wealth of Networks]]
*[[Yochai Benkler on the Wealth of Networks]]


=The P2P Business Encyclopedia=
=The P2P Business Encyclopedia=

Revision as of 14:31, 12 January 2008

Introduction

This section collates material related to peer production, P2P Business developments, and P2P Economics issues.

larger version

A map with a conceptual overview of the peer to peer business space. Every concept in the map is searchable via our wiki search box on the left.

Recommended reading:

  1. How Low Participation Costs make Peer Production Inevitable
  2. Markets are inefficient for non-rival goods. Josh Farley
  3. In peer production, the interests of capitalists and entrepreneurs are no longer aligned
  4. Can peer production make washing machines?. Graham Seaman.

Please note that the issue of physical peer production is monitored separately in this section


Short Citations

  • When costs of participation are low enough, any motivation may be sufficient to lead to a contribution.- Michael Feldstein [1]
  • Peer production is viable when: 1. capital costs (needed for production) fall far enough and 2. coordination costs fall far enough. Cheap computing and communication reduce both of these exponentially, so peer production becomes inevitable. - Anomalous Presumption [2]
  • Working together as equals. Profiting from each others success. These two ideas represent a surprisingly radical redefinition of work. - Bernie DeKoven [3]
  • We genuinely believe that radical sharing is a win-win for everyone. Expanding markets create new opportunities. - Tim Bray, Sun Microsystems [4]
  • The best people (to solve any given problem) don't work for your organization. A corollary to this: if you don't have the best people working for you, you will fail. Use transparency and the marketplace to find the best people located outside your organization. - John Robb [5]
  • Post-industrial modernization brings a fundamental shift in economic strategies, from maximizing material standards of living to maximizing well-being through life style changes. The "quality of experience" replaces the quantity of commodoties, as the prime criterion for making a good living - Alan Moore [6]
  • The Implicit Goal of Attention Economy is: to tightly intertwine everyone at the level of mind. But that involves individuals seeking, obtaining and/or paying attention. - Michael Goldhaber [7]
  • The peer producers are their own consumers. They get a better product by tapping into the knowledge pool. And they get a product that exactly fits their needs because they help design it. - Eric Schonfeld [8]
  • In this new world, if it doesn’t spread, it’s dead. And those companies which seek to prohibit the manipulation and circulation of their content will find themselves cut off from the mechanisms which generate value in this new media economy. - Henry Jenkins [9]


Long Citations

Competing 'on top' of the Commons

"One of the best ways to stimulate competition, innovation and lower prices is for participants in a market to honor the commons (a shared pool of resources, a minimal set of safety or performance standards) and then to compete "on top" of the commons. Instead of being able to reap easy profits from monopoly control over something everyone needs -- say, a computer operating system like Windows -- a company must work harder to "add value" in more specialized ways." (http://onthecommons.org/node/1196)

- David Bollier

The Sharing Economy should be distinguished from the Monetary Economy

"... the quest for self-determination and meaningful and memorable experiences ultimately will hinge on people's understanding that they are not merely consuming a product, but that they are actually participating in a meaningful social process not guided by an extrinsic logic (profit), something that rather has intrinsic, or 'sovereign' value. I don't believe that these two can be fused into one

- Eric Kluitenberg, iDC archive [10]

Market Logic vs. Network Logic

"The philosophy that undergirds exchange also contrasts sharply across forms. In markets the standard strategy is to drive the hardest possible bargain in the immediate exchange. In networks, the preferred option is often one of creating indebtedness and reliance over the long haul. Each approach thus devalues the other: prosperous market traders would be viewed as petty and untrustworthy shysters in networks, while successful participants in networks who carried those practices into competitive markets would be viewed as foolish and naive... In a market context, it is clear to everyone concerned when a debt has been discharged, but such matters and not nearly as obvious in networks."

- Walter Powell - "Niether Market Nor Hierarchy: Network Forms of Organization" 1990

Markets without Money

"Money is a very important and useful medium of exchange for high-value, tangible products. For small-value, intangible products, the costs tend to exceed the value of the transactions—especially when you add in the overhead associated with making payments at a distance. Fortunately, human beings are clever. We’ve begun to find a variety of substitutes for money that work better."

- Tim Lee [11]

Social Commerce and the Intention Economy

"only 13% of consumers say they buy products because of their ads. Contrast that to 60% of small business owners in North America that say they use peer recommendations to make their buying decisions and over 70% of 18-35 year olds who report the same for their media purchases."

- Tara Hunt [12]


Key External Articles

  1. On the Economics of the Commons
    1. Circulation of the Common. Nick Dyer-Whiteford.
    2. Common Rights vs Collective Rights is an essay by Dan Sullivan in which he also explains the difference between Common Property and collective property.
    3. Can peer production make washing machines?. By Graham Seaman.
  2. On Information Economics
    1. JP Barlow, “The Economy of Ideas: A framework for patents and copyrights in the Digital Age”, Wired 2.03 (March 1994)
    2. E Dyson , “Intellectual Value”, Wired 3.07 (July 1995)
    3. K Kelly, “The Economics of Ideas”, Wired 4.06 (June 1996)
  3. On Open Source economics
    1. The economics of open source
    2. Open source as user innovation – von Hippel
    3. Analysis of OS Business models
    4. Allocation of resources in OS mode
    5. Open source outside software – Clay Shirky
  4. On the Economics of Participation
    1. Ten Principles for an Ethical Blogger Approach For Marketers
    2. Which tools to use for collaboration in business? - recommended overview table.
    3. The Open Business Guide


Key Internal Entries

Check the following priority entries:

  1. From consumption to produsage
    1. The new partnership economy
      1. Peer Production; Direct Economy; Production without Manufacturer; Circulation of the Common
      2. Co-Creation ; Co-Design ; Co-production ; Citizen Product Design ; Crowdsourced Design
      3. Crowdsourcing ; Crowdfunding ; Crowdpricing
    2. Affinity Markets and Social Commerce
      1. Affinity Investing  ; Affinity Markets ; Recognition Markets
      2. Community Supported Manufacturing ; Community Trading Software ; Community Wealth Building
      3. Long Tail ; Social Commerce
    3. New marketing practices
      1. Group Buying ; Group Purchasing
      2. User-created Advertizing ; User-driven Advertizing ; Citizen Marketers ; Crowdsourced Advertising
    4. New Economic Logics
      1. Attention Economy ; Economics of Attention; Intention Economy ; Pull Economies
      2. Conversation Economy ; Markets as Conversations
      3. Ethical Economy ; Bottom of the Pyramid ; Blended Value; Good Capital, Inclusive Capitalism
      4. Fair Trade ; Social Entrepreneurship
      5. Markets without Capitalism ; Natural Capitalism ; Steady State Economy
      6. Economics of Sharing; Altruistic Economics ; Cooperative Economics, Collaboration Theory , Collaborate to Compete
      7. Quarternary Economics; Adventure Economy ; Process Economy
  2. New coopetitive practices
  3. New distributed infrastructures
    1. Physical P2P Production
      1. Open Design ; Open Peer to Peer Design, Open Hardware ; Free Hardware Design
      2. Desktop Manufacturing ; Personal Fabricators ; Multiple-Purpose Production Technology
      3. Rapid Manufacturing ; Rapid Prototyping ; Rapid Tooling
  4. New institutional formats
    1. New business models
      1. Open Music Business Models; Open Film Business Models; Free Software Business Models; Open Source Business Models ; Open Source Commercialization
    2. The new capitalism
      1. Hacker Class, Netarchical Capitalism ; P2P Capitalism ; Cooperative Capitalism ; Peer Production Entrepreneurs


Key Tags

P2P-Advertising; Crowdsourcing; Desktop Manufacturing; Distributed Capitalism; Innovation; Netarchical Capitalism; Open Source Commercialization; P2P Banking; P2P Business Developments; P2P Capitalism; P2P Economics; P2P Exchanges; P2P Management Developments; P2P-Money; P2P-Production; P2P-Property; Revenue Sharing; Social Commerce


Related Issues of P2P News


External Sources

Selected Wikipedia entries


Selected Podcasts


The P2P Business Encyclopedia

Subcategories

This category has only the following subcategory.

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Pages in category "Business"

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