All public logs

Combined display of all available logs of P2P Foundation. You can narrow down the view by selecting a log type, the username (case-sensitive), or the affected page (also case-sensitive).

• 07:07, 5 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Market as a Commons (Created page with " See Section 8.3 of the book: * '''Lukas Peter. Democracy, Markets and the Commons: Towards a Reconciliation of Freedom and Ecology. Transcript, 2021''' URL = https://www.transcript-verlag.de/shopMedia/openaccess/pdf/oa9783839454244.pdf =Discussion= See: * Ecological Foundations of a Market Commons * Market Commons and Corporatist-Associative Democracy Category:P2P Market Approaches Category:Commons ")
• 07:02, 5 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Ecological Foundations of a Market Commons (Created page with " =Discussion= Lukas Peters: "By defining the market as a commons, we assume that economic activities are primarily to be understood within an ecological framework. The economy is thus not only understood as a subsystem of society, but also as a subsystem of an even larger and more encompassing ecosystem. This notion can best be understood by considering an idea put forward quite recently by Kate Raworth: “doughnut economics” (2017). In order to do justice to the fa...")
• 14:26, 3 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Trusted Seed (Created page with " '''= "Trusted Seed is a Value-Driven Community Advancing Regen Economies".''' URL = https://trustedseed.org/ =Description= "Trusted Seed is a Swiss Association that supports early-stage regenerative economies culturally and financially. Created in 2019, it has been a reputable network of trusted actors who apply wisdom, expertise, and capital to early-stage crypto communities committed to creating regenerative micro-economies for public goods through token engineeri...")
• 12:54, 3 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Ashton Arnoldy and Daniel Garner on Owen Barfield (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fE0WZT6-fII Conversations with Matt Segall. Category:Integral Theory Category:Webcasts Category:Intelligence ")
• 12:39, 3 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Biosociology of Solidarity (Created page with " '''* Article: The Biosociology of Solidarity. By Will Kalkhoff, Joseph Dippong and Stanford W. Gregory. Sociology Compass 5(10), September 2011''' URL = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264736764_The_Biosociology_of_Solidarity =Abstract= "For well over a century, sociologists have directed considerable attention to understanding and explaining the processes that produce social solidarity – the feeling of interpersonal connectedness that binds members of so...")
• 12:31, 3 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Pre-Capitalist Markets (Created page with " =Discussion= Lukas Peters: "The creation of an abstract, competitive market was not only possible due to the enclosure of commons, but also through the opening up of highly regulated local markets. Karl Polanyi and Fernand Braudel are right to argue that, although most of human history has been based on subsistence and gift economies, exchange, trade and certain types of local markets are not necessarily a new phenomenon (Polanyi 2001: 66; Polanyi et al. 1957: 257-70;...")
• 06:28, 2 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Postformal Education (Created page with " * Book: Gidley, J. (2017). Postformal education: A philosophy for complex futures. Berlin: Springer. URL = =Review= Matthew Rich-Tolsma1 Reviewing Prof. Jennifer Gidley's new book – one which is in many ways a crowning achievement of her oeuvre to date, and has taken her many years (more than a decade beginning with her doctoral work) to complete – has not been an easy task. It is clear, even from a cursory skim of its contents page that Postformal Education is...")
• 06:12, 2 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Integrative Evolutionary Realism (Created page with " =Discussion= Zachary Stein: "Reality matters. Getting back to reality means embracing a new kind of metaphysics (an integrative evolutionary realism), a paradigm that is still being explicated at the leading edge of metatheory (Bhaskar, Esbjörn-Hargens, Hedlund, & Hartwig, 2015). Realism about the exterior and physical argues for the existence of laws of nature, facts, processes, and tendencies in the universe (Bhaskar, 1993). Realism about interiors argues these sa...")
• 06:07, 2 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Post-Truth (Created page with " =Characteristics= Zachary Stein: "The new post-truth culture is most obviously dangerous when it comes to orientating collective action towards the realities of the physical world. It is simply dangerous to not have a clear sense of the effects of common industrial toxins and food additives, the scope of climate change, or the amount of radiation leaking from the damaged Fukushima nuclear reactor. It is more comfortable to see post-truth culture as a problem contained...")
• 14:47, 1 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Adnan Husain on Ibn Khaldun's Theory of Civilization (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRYBx5SbdUw =Description= "Simultaneously a philosopher and a historian, and often considered to be "the first sociologist," Ibn Khaldun was among the first proper "social scientists" to develop a "science of society" - something quite close to what we today call "historical materialism." What insights can the work of a 14th century Mideval Arab thinker give us often today? Quite a lot, actually. Ibn Khaldun's insights on the...")
• 09:46, 1 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Encryption (Created page with " =Typology= Ken Macon: "The term “encryption” is often used broadly, but in the realm of private messaging services, it usually implies a specific standard: default end-to-end encryption. There are Two Main Types of Encryption: ==Non-End-to-End Encryption (Cloud Encryption)== "In non-end-to-end encryption, messages are encrypted by the sender, but the encryption keys needed to decrypt the messages are accessible to the service provider. This means that while th...")
• 08:52, 1 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Distributed Governance (Created page with " '''= DGov is here interpreted as 'governance by code, not by humans'.''' =Description= SecondRenaissance.net: "Distributed governance is a method of forming consensus and legitimating decisions without the need for a central actor or hierarchy. In traditional hierarchical organizations, there is always some level of human authority required to manage and protect organizational processes. For example, democratic groups need to trust that their secretaries will count...")
• 08:12, 1 September 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Complicated Open-Loop Systems vs. Complex Closed-Loop Systems (Created page with "=Typology= FT (paraphrasing Daniel Schmachtenberger): "The biosphere is a complex self-regulating system. It is also a closed-loop system, meaning that once a component stops serving its function, it gets recycled and reincorporated back into the system. In contrast, the systems humans have created are complicated, open loop systems. They are neither self-organizing nor self-repairing. Complex systems, which come from evolution, are anti-fragile. Complicated systems, d...")
• 15:42, 31 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Holomovement (Created page with " '''= "awakens us to our interconnectedness, igniting a critical mass of collaborative action serving the good of the whole".''' [https://www.holomovement.net/] URL = https://www.holomovement.net/ =Description= SecondRenaissance.net: "The Holomovement is "a social movement that awakens us to our interconnectedness, igniting a critical mass of collaborative action serving the good of the whole." "Guided by science and spirituality, this unifying movement is catalyzi...")
• 15:36, 31 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Teal (Created page with " =Description= From SecondRenaissance.net: "Teal is a term that derives from Spiral Dynamics, a model of the evolutionary development of individuals, organisations, and societies developed in the 1960s and 70s by Clare Graves, Don Beck and Chris Cowan.1 Stages of development, or 'value systems' in the Spiral Dynamics framework are coded with colours, with 'teal' or 'turquoise' being the final of the currently known stages. Several variations of Spiral Dynamics exist th...")
• 15:29, 31 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Government Effectiveness Index (Created page with " =Description= From the Wikipedia: "The government effectiveness index is a ranking of state capacity developed by the World Bank Group. It measures the quality of public services, civil service, policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of a government's commitment to improving or maintaining these aspects. The index includes 193 countries, each scored from -2.5 (less effective) to 2.5 (more effective).[1] It is part of a broader set of government qua...")
• 11:37, 31 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Commons and the Market (Created page with " =Discussion= Lukas Peters: "Having discussed the relationship between commons and the state, let us now turn to a central question that has been touched upon repeatedly yet incompletely so far: '''the relationship between commons and the market'''. Since I have already discussed both justifications of the open and competitive market and some of the problems it engenders, let me be brief in recapitulating the arguments. Most importantly, the open and competitive mark...")
• 11:37, 31 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Concept of the Market in Commons Literature (Created page with " =Discussion= Lukas Peters: "Generally speaking, there is no single understanding either of markets or the relationship between markets and commons within the literature on commons. After discussing the various interpretations in the literature, I nevertheless hope to develop a more general notion of the relationship in the analysis that follows. As the reader will recall, the Ostroms make only marginal references to market arrangements. Elinor Ostrom rarely discusses...")
• 10:38, 31 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Rise of the Neo-Locals (Created page with " '''* Books: THE RISE OF THE NEO-LOCALS - A generational reversal of globalization. by Sunita Narain. CSE, 2024''' URL = https://csestore.cse.org.in/usd/the-rise-of-the-neo-locals-a-generational-reversal-of-globalization.html =Description= "Is globalisation dead? If so, what will replace this instrument of rules that binds our interdependent world? Over the past half-century, the world has moved from post-colonisation to globalisation and now, to de-globalisation....")
• 07:29, 30 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Michel Bauwens and Max Borders on P2P Community Governance and Digital Contracts (Created page with " Podcast via https://www.strandedtechnologies.com/p/ep-75-commons-and-contracts-the-evolution =Description= Niklas Anziger: "In this episode, we debate with two major thinkers with different philosophies but also commonalities about governance and social evolution. Max Borders, author of “The Decentralist,” "The Social Singularity," and “After Collapse,” (a previous guest on the show) and Michel Bauwens, founder of the P2P Foundation and author of “The Poli...")
• 07:08, 30 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Jonathan Haidt on the Great Rewiring of Childhood (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOqId5ObMi4 Conversation with Jonathan Haidt, author of the book, The Anxious Generation, which argues "that the rise of smartphones and overprotective parenting have led to a "rewiring" of childhood and a rise in mental illness." Category:Technology Category:Webcasts Category:Health ")
• 06:56, 30 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Return to Eros (Created page with " '''* Book: A Return to Eros (Gafni & Kincaid, 2017)''' URL = =Contextual Quote= "Today in the context of resurgent patriarchy and fundamentalism, as well as the new puritanism of revived anti-sexuality rhetoric, the hopeful thinking of a generation dedicated to “free love” seems like a sentimental memory. As I later explore here (and as Gafni and Kincaid discuss), explanations exist for why cultures engage in shaming, scapegoating, and distorted displays of emo...")
• 06:19, 30 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Emergentsia (Created page with " =Description= SecondRenaissance.net: "Emergentsia" is a term coined by Brent Cooper in 2019. It refers to "a new class of intellectuals [that] is emerging to grapple with the meta-crisis and help manage the transition"." [https://secondrenaissance.net/publications/overview-ecosystem-names] Brent Cooper: "The Emergentsia transcend and include the characteristics of an intelligentsia, at a higher level of emergence and planetary vision-logic. They are to emergence wh...")
• 06:02, 30 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Philosophy of the Event (Created page with " =More information= Via Benjamin Suriano "For a post-Marxist shift beyond the standpoint of labor and toward the thematics of the event and its fidelity see * Alain Badiou, Saint Paul: The Foundation of Universalism, trans. Ray Brassier (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2003); For similar emphases but in relation to the negativity of the void, * Slavoj Zizek, The Puppet and the Dwarf: The Preverse Core of Christianity (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003); For a...")
• 05:33, 30 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Spiritual Differentialism (Created page with " =Discussion= Slavoj Zizek: "For Dugin, the transcendental-ontological analysis of Dasein that Heidegger deploys in his Being and Time is not universal: every civilization gives birth to its specific form rooted in a specific collective spirituality. There are many figures of Dasein, the Russian one is different from the German one, it is focused on “narod,” the people in the sense of German Volk, not state, not just nation (nationalism), not race (Fascism), not c...")
• 10:01, 29 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page State Capacity (Created page with " =Description= From the Wikipedia: "State capacity is the ability of a government to accomplish policy goals, either generally or in reference to specific aims. More narrowly, state capacity often refers to the ability of a state to collect taxes, enforce law and order, and provide public goods. A state that lacks capacity is defined as a fragile state or, in a more extreme case, a failed state. Higher state capacity has been strongly linked to long-term economic deve...")
• 09:33, 29 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Interstitial Commoning (Created page with " =Discussion= Lukas Peters: "Because confrontational ways of reclaiming commons can, in some cases, be challenged with severe opposition by the state and politico-economic elites, it is important to support these activities with more subtle, yet just as important ‘interstitial’ commoning. In his book Envisioning Real Utopias (2010), Erik Olin Wright describes interstitial strategies and activities as “various kinds of processes that occur in the spaces and cracks...")
• 08:51, 29 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Tim Platenkamp and Cibcom on Democratic Economic Planning and Cybernetics (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HLPzSGbcRvo =Description= ""Conference held in Rotterdam with Tim Platenkamp from @DSocialiste. During the event, the basic research lines of the collective were introduced, such as: cybernetic and democratic planning of the economy, econophysics, ecology, socialization of care, etc." Category:Mutual Coordination Category:Webcasts ")
• 08:27, 29 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Failure of Liberal Capitalist Democracy (Created page with " '''* Book: Krishnan Nayar. Liberal Capitalist Democracy: The God that Failed. Hurst, 2023''' URL = https://www.hurstpublishers.com/book/liberal-capitalist-democracy/ =Description= From the publisher: "A spectre is haunting Europe and America: the spectre of anti-democratic, right-wing nationalism. This has finally exposed as ill-based the astonishingly widely shared belief that unleashing capitalism will, sooner or later, lead societies to democratic politics. It...")
• 08:25, 28 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Eörs Szathmáry and Terrence Deacon on Major Evolutionary Transitions (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4NusglaM8U =Description= David Sloan Wilson: "Eörs Szathmáry is best-known in the world of evolutionary biology for a book he co-wrote with John Maynard Smith, titled “The Major Transitions in Evolution”. It was the first comprehensive explanation of the processes through which life has increased in complexity over billions of years, from its origin as the simplest protocells, to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells, mu...")
• 08:19, 28 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Windows Guidance - Ecological Policy Instrument (Created page with " =More information= * '''Article: Dikau, S., & Volz, U. (2021). Out of the window? Green monetary policy in China: window guidance and the promotion of sustainable lending and investment. Climate Policy, 23(1), 122–137. [https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2021.2012122 doi]''' URL = https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14693062.2021.2012122#abstract "Chinese monetary and financial authorities have been among the pioneers in promoting green finance. This articl...")
• 08:13, 28 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page In Search of a Post-Westphalian Territory (Created page with " '''* Article: Calzada, Igor/ (Libertarian) Decentralized Web3 Map: In Search of a Post-Westphalian Territory. (August 26, 2024).''' Available at SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4937294 =Abstract= "The modern concept of the nation-state, rooted in the Treaty of Westphalia of 1648, is increasingly challenged by the rise of digital and decentralized technologies, particularly within the framework of Web3. This paper explores the implications...")
• 06:59, 28 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Circular Metabolism (Created page with " =Description= From the Postgrowth Cities Coalition: "A metabolism is the flow of materials and energy through a particular system. These materials are extracted, transformed, used, and turned into waste that can be reused or disposed of. The system might be a city, region, country, or the whole planet, depending on the focus of analysis. A circular metabolism is one that decreases the input of raw materials, increases the use of materials already within the syste...")
• 06:29, 28 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Recurv (Created page with "'''= "design for patterns of collective well-being by harnessing the power of currencies to shape social & economic dynamics".''' [https://commonsengine.wixsite.com/recurv] Category:Courses Category:Money Category:Design")
• 06:18, 28 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Digital Commons Policy Council (Created page with " URL = https://dcpc.info/ =Description= " The DCPC aims to increase the recognition of the benefits of digital commons such as free and open source software and Wikipedia, and of the volunteer labour which produces these common goods. It does so by producing evidence-based public reports and other resources." (https://dcpc.info/about/) Category:Commons Policy Category:IP ")
• 10:11, 27 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Mathesis (Created page with "= hermeneutical method to obtain knowledge =Description= Matthew Seagall: "In the original and perhaps more esoteric sense of μάθησις (mathesis), which need not be quantitative in its approach but is, as the ancient Pythagorean school had it, essentially an educational method — the art of learning — meant to dialectically lead one along a trail of proportional and analogical resonances from the sensible to the archetypal mode of perception. The Spinozist ph...")
• 09:08, 27 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Anthropo-Technogenesis (Created page with " =Description= Nathan Gardels: "Just as humans are not above and apart from nature, technology is not apart from us. It is not external to the human condition. Rather, it is technology that makes us human. Human becoming through the tools we invent to survive and thrive in the environment in which we are embedded is part and parcel of our evolution. Anthropogenesis is technogenesis. Thus, aligning anthropo-technogenesis with “the order of the cosmos,” not repudia...")
• 14:22, 26 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Global Brain Singularity (Created page with " '''* PhD Thesis / Book: Global Brain Singularity. Cadell Last. VUB, 2020.''' URL = https://philosophyportal.online/global-brain-singularity ''"Global Brain Institute (GBI) within the Evolution, Cognition, and Complexity (ECCO) department, at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel."'' =Description= "This book introduces readers to global brain singularity through a logical meditation on the temporal dynamics of the universal process. Global brain singularity is conceived of...")
• 14:10, 26 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Zachary Stein and Marc Gafni on the First Principles and First Values of CosmoErotic Humanism (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFDywrna7Ng =Description= "In this episode, which is cross-posted to both the Cosmo-Erotic Humanism and Authors Series playlists, Layman sits down with Marc Gafni and Zak Stein to discuss their jointly authored book, First Principles and First Values. They are publishing the book pseudonymously under the name, David J. Temple." Category:Webcasts Category:Spirituality ")
• 07:11, 26 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Andrew Hartz on Open Therapy Against Censorship Culture (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ESwVqNu67c =Description= "How censorship cultures arise and the costs of self-censorship to individuals." =More information= * https://www.opentherapyinstitute.org/ Category:Identity Politics Category:Webcasts ")
• 07:08, 26 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Strategic Orientation (Created page with " =Description= John Robb: "John Boyd, America’s most significant strategic mind, maintained that orientation is the focal point of decision-making since it shapes how we observe, decide, and act (the four steps in Boyd’s OODA loop). Orientation is a pattern of understanding informed and constrained by experience, training, culture, education, means, capabilities, desires, aspirations, etc. It is the step in decision-making that shapes sense, goal, and path-making...")
• 06:58, 26 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Credit Guidance (Created page with " =Description= Jason Hickel: "Credit guidance: The idea here is to impose rules that limit the quantity of finance that commercial banks can invest in problem sectors. For example, credit guidance can be used to scale down commercial investment in fossil fuel production on a binding, annual schedule. But it can also be used to reduce other destructive and unnecessary industries: SUVs, mansions, cruise ships, private jets, industrial beef, dangerous plastics, fast fas...")
• 14:39, 25 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Post-War II Political Orders under American Hegemony (Created page with " =Discussion= '''* Book: Gary Gerstle (The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order).''' Branko Milanovic: Gerstle ... "insists on the idea of a political and economic “order”. An “order” is the ruling ideology at a given point in time, synthesized and propagated by the most important parts of the political establishment. There were, according to Gerstle two such political orders in the United States during the past century: the New Deal order that began with Fra...")
• 09:20, 25 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Transitional Economics of Energy Markets (Created page with "'''* Book: Brett Christophers. The Price Is Wrong: Why Capitalism Won’t Save The Planet''' URL = ''"a near 400-page deep dive into the economics of electricity markets"'' =Review= Chris Smaje: "Here’s my attempt to parse Christophers’ argument: Throughout most of the world, and increasingly so, the electricity supply chain is divided up (‘unbundled’ in the jargon) into a set of market relationships between the people who generate the electricity, the p...")
• 08:03, 25 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Alex Corren on the Need for Regenerative Communities (Created page with " Podcast via https://www.recommon.land/blog/doomer-optimism-podcast-regenerative-community-land-trusts-with-alex-corren-and-jason-snyder-xs5rh =Description= "In this episode of The Blue Dot Project Podcast, Alex Corren shares his insights into the pressing need for regenerative communities and helps visualize likely elements of their realization. Alex is co-founder of ReCommon, a company that pioneers in this new and fast-developing field. Host David Vranicar sets the...")
• 07:45, 25 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Alex Corren on ReCommon and Regenerative Community Land Trusts (Created page with " Video via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7kCThKW65A =Description= "In this episode, Jason Snyder speaks with Alex Corren about ReCommon, which aims to address the logistics and financing around land access and tenure for regenerative stewardship, in particular catalyzing the creation of a network of bioregionally embedded regenerative land trusts. They also touch on the shared vision of ‘networked bioregionalism’ as the most viable and hopeful path for the futur...")
• 07:35, 25 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Networked Bioregionalism (Created page with " =Description= Alex Corren: "No bioregion exists in isolation. Everything is connected. So if we are to use bioregionalism as the organizing pattern to cultivate a regenerative paradigm, it must not be isolationist. These connected bioregions can be considered networked bioregionalism - where place-based communities are taking action and carrying out participatory governance on a local level while staying connected and sharing resources with the greater community. Thi...")
• 07:30, 25 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page China’s Air Pollution Meets Citizen Science (Created page with " '''* Article: China’s Air Pollution Meets Public Participation and Citizen Science. by Rodolfo Hernández-Pérez. Journal of Peer Production, Issue #14: Infrastructuring the commons today, when STS meets ICT ·''' URL = http://peerproduction.net/issues/issue-14-infrastructuring-the-commons-today-when-sts-meets-ict/peer-reviewed-papers/chinas-air-pollution-meets-public-participation-and-citizen-science/ =Abstract= "This article discusses how China’s new era of...")
• 10:17, 24 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Bioregional Circular Energy Currencies (Created page with " =Discussion= As proposed by Mark Whitaker: "Maybe future complimentary currencies should be pegged to a basket of localized useful "energy currencies" exclusively useful for a region's circular economy. This gives it real store of value, in actual commodities, useful in a region, and as a check and balance or hedge against currency managers pushing out more paper-digital tokens in such currencies (thus blocking use value inflation of currency). Instead of these 'energ...")
• 09:44, 24 August 2024 Mbauwens talk contribs created page Mark Whitaker on the Falseness of the East-West Dichotomy in the Context of Explaining Environmental Degradation (Created page with " (includes bibliographic references) =Discussion= Mark Whitaker: "I think 'east vs. west' technology/ethics is a false dichotomy. Japan and China wrecked their own landscapes just fine before Western incursions (Books: The Retreat of the Elephants: An Environmental History of China (2004), by Elvin; The Green Archipelago: Forestry in Preindustrial Japan (1998), by Totman) Plus, India has its own humanocentric/Machiavellian tradition in the Arthashastra, like China...")