Non-Substitutable Need Satisfiers

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Ian Gough:

"The idea of non-substitutable need satisfiers entails a different conception of the economy as a network of ‘systems of provision’ advocated by the LiLi (Living Well Within Limits) research group. We must move beyond an idea of the economy as a uniform space within which nameless and substitutable commodities are produced, exchanged and consumed. In particular, there exists a ‘foundational economy’ which directly delivers a range of essential need satisfiers in contemporary market economies. The main components are: pipe and cable utilities; transport infrastructure; food production, processing and distribution; housing; health care, education, child care, social care; police and emergency services; public administration and retail banking and payments systems. This entire foundational economy accounts for about 50% of both employment and expenditure in the UK and across Europe. These services are all ‘mundane’. They are taken for granted until they fail." (https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/oureconomy/times-climate-breakdown-how-do-we-value-what-matters/?)

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