Math-Based Cybernetic Planning vs Systems-Based Cybernetic Planning

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There is an "abyss between a more “math”-oriented branch of cybernetic planning and a more “systems”-oriented branch of cybernetic planning: (math-based approaches) lack serious discussions of implementation at different levels of organization, and provide little flexibility for multivariate accounting systems, ones which could work better at smaller scales and are more consonant with the environment. This is something the “systems”-oriented planning methods do much better: they focus on supervising the existing self-organized systems rather than managing society. However, these methods often fall into localism without providing a viable answer on how to organise the world."

- Renato Flores [1]