Anti-Western Intellectualism

= "an educational climate in which unequal standards of intellectual legitimacy govern positive and negative evaluations of Western civilization. " [1]

Research

• Survey: Anti-Western Intellectualism in Higher Education. Students' Reported Expectations for Expressing Views About Western Civilization. Principle Investigator: Kevin M. Waldman.

URL = https://psychform.com/campus-western-culture-study/

Kevin M. Waldman:

"Across mirrored measures, students reported greater anticipated academic and social risk for expressing favorable evaluations of Western civilization than for expressing equivalent criticisms. 82.95% reported that disagreeing with a professor's negative evaluation of Western civilization could negatively affect their grade, compared with 14.12% for disagreeing with a professor's positive evaluation. 80.76% reported that expressing positive views of Western culture could lead to consequences from professors, whereas 12.11% reported that expressing positive views is encouraged by professors. 74.04% reported hesitating to share their honest views about Western culture in class, 74.41% reported monitoring what they say to avoid negative faculty reactions, and only 17.73% reported feeling able to speak openly about Western culture without concern for negative reactions. Similarly, 16.41% reported that professors encourage independent thinking about Western culture when viewpoints differ, 62.71% reported that campus discussions about Western culture are emotionally charged rather than balanced, and 91.73% reported that individuals expressing patriotic or pro-Western views are judged negatively on campus. Despite these findings, 78.02% reported believing patriotic Americans are happier than unpatriotic Americans, whereas only 8.00% believed patriotic Americans are unhappier."