Decentralized Planning
Description
From the Wikipedia:
"A decentralized-planned economy, occasionally called horizontally planned economy due to its horizontalism, is a type of planned economy in which the investment and allocation of consumer and capital goods is explicated accordingly to an economy-wide plan built and operatively coordinated through a distributed network of disparate economic agents or even production units itself. Decentralized planning is usually held in contrast to centralized planning, in particular the Soviet-type economic planning of the Soviet Union's command economy, where economic information is aggregated and used to formulate a plan for production, investment and resource allocation by a single central authority. Decentralized planning can take shape both in the context of a mixed economy as well as in a post-capitalist economic system. This form of economic planning implies some process of democratic and participatory decision-making within the economy and within firms itself in the form of industrial democracy. Computer-based forms of democratic economic planning and coordination between economic enterprises have also been proposed by various computer scientists and radical economists.[25][7][24] Proponents present decentralized and participatory economic planning as an alternative to market socialism for a post-capitalist society.
Decentralized planning has been a feature of anarchist and socialist economics. Variations of decentralized planning such as economic democracy, industrial democracy and participatory economics have been promoted by various political groups, most notably anarchists, democratic socialists, guild socialists, libertarian Marxists, libertarian socialists, revolutionary syndicalists and Trotskyists.[44] During the Spanish Revolution, some areas where anarchist and libertarian socialist influence through the CNT and UGT was extensive, particularly in rural regions and parts of Catalonia, did put into practice elements of decentralized planning resembling the principles outlined by anarcho-syndicalist Diego Abad de Santillan in his book.[53][54] However, this was only partially actualized: while local collectives and federations coordinated production and distribution to a degree,[55][56] the broader structures Santillan envisioned—such as economy-wide federations of industries, a unified council of the economy, and systematic plan–counterplan iterations—were never fully established. As a result, collective planning remained fragmented and localized rather than functioning as a comprehensive, society-wide system."
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planned_economy#Decentralized_planning)
Typology
Models, From the Wikipedia:
Negotiated Coordination
"Economist Pat Devine has created a model of decentralized economic planning called "negotiated coordination" which is based upon social ownership of the means of production by those affected by the use of the assets involved, with the allocation of consumer and capital goods made through a participatory form of decision-making by those at the most localized level of production.[59] Moreover, organizations that utilize modularity in their production processes may distribute problem solving and decision making.[60]
Participatory Planning
The planning structure of a decentralized planned economy is generally based on a consumers council and producer council (or jointly, a distributive cooperative) which is sometimes called a consumers' cooperative. Producers and consumers, or their representatives, negotiate the quality and quantity of what is to be produced. This structure is central to guild socialism, participatory economics and the economic theories related to anarchism."
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planned_economy#Decentralized_planning)