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| | This is an old introduction page to a subject category, and is no longer updated but replaced by |
| | http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Business |
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| This page will soon be replaced by P2P Business Concepts, where the material will be transferred.
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| '''ARTICLES'''
| | =Old Introduction= |
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| | In the meantime, we recommend you also consult the following tags in the social bookmarking site Delicious |
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| '''The Professionalization of Linux''' | | 1) '''P2P-Economics''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Economics |
| (http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_05/b3918001_mz001.htm?)
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| Richard Stallman in a recent interview on where Free Software and the GPL are heading, at http://www.ofb.biz/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=353
| | 2) '''P2P-Money''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Money |
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| Stefan Merten on '''free software vs. open sources''', at (http://subsol.c3.hu/subsol_2/contributors0/mertentext.html
| | 3) '''P2P-Business''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Business |
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| This idea of a patronage economy, citing the work of Paul David, is discussed by John Willinsky in an article for First Monday, at http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue10_8/willinsky//index.html
| | 4) '''Open Source Commercialization''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Open-Source-Commercialization |
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| Research into Open Source as a collaborative social process, FLOSS-POLS, a EU-funded research project, claims it is "the single largest knowledge base on open source usage and development worldwide" and its 'third track' examines " the efficiency of open source as a system for collaborative problem-solving", see at http://www.flosspols.org/ . The peer-reviewed journal First Monday dedicated a special issue to 'open source as a social process', at http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue9_11/index.html
| | 5) '''P2P-Capitalism''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Capitalism |
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| See in particular: Item1, http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue9_11/lehmann/index.html
| | 6) '''P2P-Production''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Production |
| " This paper takes a closer look at FLOSS developers and their projects to find out how they work, what holds them together and how they interact."; Item 2, on accountability in Open Source projects, at http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue9_11/david/index.html
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| '''Onion-like structure of authority in OS projects''', (http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue10_2/crowston/index.html ) | | 7) '''P2P-Advertising''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Advertising |
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| See also an analysis of the relation between '''free software and capitalism''', at http://www.oekonux.org/texts/marketrelations.html
| | 8) '''P2P-Property''', http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Property |
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| Structural use of interactive consumers to externalize costs, by Johan Soderbergh:
| | and many other appropriate tags at http://del.icio.us/mbauwens |
| (http://journal.hyperdrome.net/issues/issue1/soderberg.html )
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| '''The socialization of innovation''' 'outside' of the enterprise
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| (Jan Soderbergh in http://info.interactivist.net/article.pl?sid=04/09/29/1411223)
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| Schlumberger corporation has a radical implementation of 'communities of practice': it allows them to select their own leaders by voting:
| | '''ARTICLES''' |
| (http://online.wsj.com/public/article_print/0,,SB112492527554822458-K0XZAXWxFz2VVoppzN1K4H5V1N8_20060824,00.html)
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| Von Hippel, An interview with the author where he explains the concept of "lead users", at http://www.thefeature.com/article?articleid=101525&ref=6647666
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| More essays by the author at http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/papers.htm
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| '''Citizen engineers''', at (http://www.fortune.com/fortune/technology/articles/0,15114,1061773,00.html?) | |
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| User-centered innovation practices vs. manufacturer-centric innovation, at (http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/books/DI/Chapter1.pdf )
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| '''User-innovation''' example by Fortune
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| (http://www.fortune.com/fortune/technology/articles/0,15114,1061773,00.html?)
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| Examples of user innovation communities at work: The music identification technology of Gracenotes, was almost entirely produced by music fans, at http://www.wired.com/news/digiwood/0,1412,64033,00.html?. But because it has turned private MusicBrainz has been created as a true open source alternative ; iPodLounge contains more than 220 creative designs of future iPods, at http://www.wired.com/news/mac/0,2125,63903,00.html?
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| ''''Customer-made' production and marketing''', special issue of Trendwatching newsletter, May 2005, at http://www.trendwatching.com/newsletter/newsletter.html . Its June 2005 issue covers twinsumers, how collaborative software is bringing consumers of similar taste together.
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| Fab Labs at MIT, at http://cba.mit.edu/projects/fablab
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| Ifabricate.com is a platform for do-it-yourselfers where they can trade ideas, contribute to a common encyclopedia, and pool resources. Emachineshop.com brings the community in touch with all those who can turn their designs into a physical model.
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| Collab.net helps corporations implement open source methodologies, at http://www.collab.net/
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| Innocentive brings together companies in need of creative scientific and technical problem-solving, and the free cooperation of scientists, engineers and creators generally, at http://www.innocentive.com/ . It had 83,000 cooperating scientists during mid-2005 and amongst its corporate users were Boeing and Procter & Gamble.
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| Business Week offers a tour of the ‘hotspots of collaboration’ at http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_25/b3938901.htm
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| The Semco participatory model, http://www.opensourcetutorials.com/tutorials/Server-Side-Coding/Book-Reviews/the-seven-day-weekend/page1.html)
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| Increasingly, users are themselves distributing information about products and services that they appreciate, see the Wired article on a famous user-made iPod ad, at http://www.wired.com/news/mac/0,2125,66001,00.html? ; Companies are also learning to use (and abuse) these communities of 'passionate consumers', according to this report in Le Monde, at http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3230,36-396272,0.html
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| Thomas Malone on '''Coordination Theory''', at (http://www.dialogonleadership.org/Malone2001.html)
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| OPHI is a group of organizations and individuals dedicated to developing an on-line collection of knowledge about business processes that is freely available to the general public under an innovative form of "open source" licensing. More info at: http://ccs.mit.edu/ophi/index.htm
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| See for an overview of '''designing corporations around customer cultures''', at http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/mar2005/nf2005037_4086.htm
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| '''Cognitive capitalism''': Yann-Moulier Boutang in http://multitudes.samizdat.net/article.php3?id_article=1656 ; See also http://www.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/labo/walras/Objets/New/20021214/YMB.pdf
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| Self-organisation and cooperation in cognitive capitalism, special issue of Solaris magazine, at http://biblio-fr.info.unicaen.fr/bnum/jelec/Solaris/d05/5introduction.html , http://biblio-fr.info.unicaen.fr/bnum/jelec/Solaris/d05/5link-pezet.html
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| An explanation of the concept of the '''general intellect''', at http://multitudes.samizdat.net/article.php3?id_article=476
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| On the concept of ‘worldwide public goods’, at http://www.upmf grenoble.fr/irepd/regulation/Lettre_regulation/lettrepdf/LR48.pdf ;
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| an overview of intellectual property regimes and their evolution, at http://www.upmfgrenoble.fr/irepd/regulation/Lettre_regulation/index.html
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| '''Changes in work culture''' are summarized quite well by 'work sociologist' Philippe Zafirian who outlines five of such changes, at http://seminaire.samizdat.net/imprim-article.php3?id_article=98
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| '''From disciplinary power to power by control and modulation''', by Philippe Zafirian
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| http://perso.wanadoo.fr/philippe.zarifian/page109.htm )
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| on the soul-destroying corporate cultures:
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| (http://pubpages.unh.edu/~jds/ )
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| David Isen on the inefficient nature of pyramidal intelligence:
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| (http://isen.com/archives/990601.html)
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| French 'sociologist of work', Philippe Zafirian, on the unease of workers in the contemporary enteprise, at (http://seminaire.samizdat.net/imprim-article.php3?id_article=98 )
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| Zafirian personal website: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/philippe.zarifian/)
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| See also these two important contributions on ‘the new nature of work’, 3 theses from Philippe Zafirian, based on seven years of study in large institutions and companies, at http://seminaire.samizdat.net/article.php3?id_article=22 3 thesis on work and cognitive capitalism, by Patrick Dieuaide, at http://seminaire.samizdat.net/article.php3?id_article=12
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| On the dissatisfaction of the workforce, French report, at (http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3234,36-377014,0.html)
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| On the '''hacker ethic''', by Richard Barbrook
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| (http://www.hrc.wmin.ac.uk/hrc/theory/digitalArtisans/t.1.1.1 )
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| Open collaboration and productivity, (http://news.openflows.org/article.pl?sid=02/04/23/1518208 )
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| Proprietary vs. open source approaches, http://technologyreview.com/articles/05/06/issue/feature_linux.asp
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| '''Flexible involvement''', at (http://news.openflows.org/article.pl?sid=02/04/23/1518208 )
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| Programmers are interested in and motivated by personal development and the use value of the product, according to this survey: http://opensource.mit.edu/papers/lakhaniwolf.pdf
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| Why do people participate in open source projects, especially the less exciting 'mundane' tasks?, at http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/papers/opensource.PDF
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| Key essays by Yochai Benkler, on '''peer production and transaction costs''':
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| Coase’s Penguin, or Linux and the Nature of the Firm.
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| URL = http://www.yale.edu/yalelj/112/BenklerWEB.pdf
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| Sharing Nicely: On Shareable Goods and the Emergence of Sharing as a Modality of Economic Production.
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| URL = http://www.yalelawjournal.org/pdf/114-2/Benkler_FINAL_YLJ114-2.pdf
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| Eben Moglen on the marginal cost of reproducing information:
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| (http://moglen.law.columbia.edu/publications/maine-speech.html)
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| a web-based 'open source based' industrial design project:“ThinkCycle, is a Web-based industrial-design project that brings together engineers, designers, academics, and professionals from a variety of disciplines. (http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.11/opensource.html)
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| '''Open Source Biology''', at (http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=2724420) | | '''Open Source Biology''', at (http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=2724420) |
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| Laws of free software production, at (URL = http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/free_issues/issue_02/fud_based_encyclopedia/) | | Laws of free software production, at (URL = http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/free_issues/issue_02/fud_based_encyclopedia/) |
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| See the report, “Poor because of | | See the report, “Poor because of Money" by the Strohalm Foundation http://www.strohalm.nl/data/uploads/16.htm |
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| Bernard Lietaer on '''the artificial scarcity of the present money system''' | | Bernard Lietaer on '''the artificial scarcity of the present money system''' |
This is an old introduction page to a subject category, and is no longer updated but replaced by
http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Business
Old Introduction
In the meantime, we recommend you also consult the following tags in the social bookmarking site Delicious
1) P2P-Economics, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Economics
2) P2P-Money, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Money
3) P2P-Business, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Business
4) Open Source Commercialization, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/Open-Source-Commercialization
5) P2P-Capitalism, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Capitalism
6) P2P-Production, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Production
7) P2P-Advertising, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Advertising
8) P2P-Property, http://del.icio.us/mbauwens/P2P-Property
and many other appropriate tags at http://del.icio.us/mbauwens
ARTICLES
Open Source Biology, at (http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=2724420)
Open Source Biotechnology in Agriculture, at (http://business-times.asia1.com.sg/sub/views/story/0,4574,144880,00.html)
Open Source Architecture. More in the article, ‘towards an architectural open source practice, at http://www.archis.org/archis_old/english/archis_art_e_2003/art_3b_2003e.html and see also the blog http://www.suite75.net/blog/maze/. In the New York Times Magazine, David Brooks has written an interesting article describing the development of exurbia, a move beyond the suburbs that seems to exhibit P2P principles, see http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/04/magazine/04EXURBAN.html?th .
The Open Source Metaverse, at(http://www.wired.com/news/games/0,2101,65865,00.html?)
The importance of mental transaction costs, and why it works against micromoney schemes, and on the fame vs. fortune dilemma now facing creators, at (http://shirky.com/writings/fame_vs_fortune.html)
Yochai Benkler on user-capitalisation, (http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_25/b3938902.htm)
Laws of free software production, at (URL = http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/free_issues/issue_02/fud_based_encyclopedia/)
See the report, “Poor because of Money" by the Strohalm Foundation http://www.strohalm.nl/data/uploads/16.htm
Bernard Lietaer on the artificial scarcity of the present money system
(http://www.ascentofhumanity.com/book/4-09-Interest_and_Self-Interest.html)
The P2P aspects of Open Money systems: The dedicated site is OpenMoney.org. TheTransitioner.org and OpenMoney.org are closely working together. TheTransitioner.org handles interactive community discussions and live projects, whereas OpenMoney.org possesses all material about it (technical, definitions, former papers, etc).(http://www.thetransitioner.org/wiki/tiki-index.php?page=Open+Money)
Margret Kennedy, complementary currencies expert, at
(www.margritkennedy.de); See also information on the above author at http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~roehrigw/kennedy/english/
Justification of the universal wage, short French-language intro by Gilbert Boss, at http://www.gboss.ca/revenu_universel.htm
The Sharing Economy, essay at http://www.yalelawjournal.org/pdf/114-2/Benkler_FINAL_YLJ114-2.pdf
Interview of the author Yochai Benkler by Business Week, at http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_25/b3938902.htm ;
ThinkCycle, is a Web-based industrial-design project that brings together engineers, designers, academics, and professionals from a variety of disciplines.
(http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.11/opensource.html)
Innocentive, at http://www.innocentive.com/, is a web-based community matching 80,000 independent scientists (the "solvers") to relevant R&D challenges facing leading companies (the "seekers") from around the globe:(from http://www.primidi.com/2005/06/11.html )
An evolutionary scheme for economics, by Wim Nusselder, see http://www.antenna.nl/wim.nusselder/schrijfsels/economics.htm
Coordination defined by Philippe Zafirian, at (http://perso.wanadoo.fr/philippe.zarifian/page122.htm)
The evolution of cooperation:“Evolution's Arrow also argues that evolution itself has evolved. Evolution has progressively improved the ability of evolutionary mechanisms to discover the best adaptations. And it has discovered new and better mechanisms. The book looks at the evolution of pre-genetic, genetic, cultural, and supra-individual evolutionary mechanisms.
(http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/Papers/Review_Complexity.pdf)
Free sharing as an aspect of civilisation-building, at (http://www.peripheries.net/g-sagot1.htm )
Cooperation studies are well monitored by by Howard Rheingold and and a whole team of collaborators at the Smartmobs.com weblog.
Here's a summary of cooperation theories maintained by Paul Pivcevic of the http://www.cooperativeintelligence.org/ website.
Book on the history and future of money, (http://www.thememorybank.co.uk/ )
The Open Money project at (http://www.openmoney.org/
Some other complementary currency initiatives: LIBRA project (Milan, Italy), http://www.aequilibra.it/; Banca Etica (Padova, Italy),
http://www.bancaetica.com/; Chiemgauer (Bavaria, Germany), http://www.chiemgauer.info/ ; WIR Bank (Switzerland), http://www.wir.ch/
Learning about monetary reform: Dr. Margrit Kennedy at http://www.margritkennedy.de/ . one of the leading figures in this field as she published "Interest and Inflation-free Money"(the whole text is available in English at: http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~roehrigw/kennedy/english/)
A page devoted to ‘alternative economy’ topics, also listing the alternative currencies in Japan, at http://www3.plala.or.jp/mig/econ-uk.html, and on Argentina’s RGT, the world’s biggest non-money barter network