Emergence of Integrated Knowledge
* Article: INTRODUCTION:On the Deep Need for Integrative Metatheory in the 21st Century. By Nicholas Hedlund, Sean Esbjörn-Hargens et al. : Forthcoming in Bhaskar, R., Esbjörn-Hargens, S., Hedlund, N, andHartwig, M. (eds.): Metatheory for the 21st Century: Critical Realism and Integral Theory in Dialogue. London: Routledge, 2015
URL = https://www.academia.edu/26063515/On_the_Deep_Need_for_Integrative_Metatheory_in_the_21st_Century
Introduction
Nicholas H. Hedlund:
"Integrative approaches are being developed within a single discipline or knowledge domain, or between a limited selection of them. A much smaller number of approaches attempt to “include” or encompass in some sense all the general domains of human knowledge—from the arts and humanities to the social and natural sciences. These are the ‘heavyweight’ integrative metatheories of our time: the philosophy of critical realism, founded by Roy Bhaskar (1944-2014), and its cognate social theory; integral theory founded by Ken Wilber (1949-); and complex thought, founded by Edgar Morin (1921-). They represent some of the most advanced expressions of macro-level integrated knowledge that encompasses, and/or articulates an orienting metatheory for, all domains of human inquiry."
(https://www.academia.edu/26063515/On_the_Deep_Need_for_Integrative_Metatheory_in_the_21st_Century)
Directory
Nicholas H. Hedlund:
"There are many important approaches that have contributed to the integration ofknowledge in the face of widespread disciplinary and methodological fragmentationemerging across the planet.
These include
- inter-, multi-, cross- trans-, and post-disciplinarity,
- post-normal science,
- mixed methods approaches (R. Bhaskar,1993/2008, p. 62; Creswell, 1998; Creswell & Plano Clark, 2011);
- developmental action-inquiry (Torbert, 1991, 2000a, 2000b, 2001, 2004);
- action-research (Chandler, 2003; P. Reason, Bradbury, H., 2001; P. Reason, Torbert, William., 2001);
- systemic intervention (Midgley, 2001);
- integrated assessment modeling (Parson, 1995); team science (Bennett, 2010; Trochim, 2008);
- earth systems science (Earth, 2014);
- biological “integrative pluralism,” (Mitchell, 2003);
- the “synthetic philosophy of contemporary mathematics” (Zalamea, 2013);
- “integrative thinking” in organizational development (Martin, 2009),
- “cybersemiotics” (Brier,2013);
- Bryan Norton’s (2005) approach to sustainability through adaptive ecosystem management;
- “interpersonal neurobiology” (Siegel, 2012);
- “transmodernism” (Dussel,1995, 2002) and
- “integration and implementation sciences” (Bammer, 2013),
- meta-analysis (Cooper, 2009) and
- systematic reviews (Gough, 2013)"
(https://www.academia.edu/26063515/On_the_Deep_Need_for_Integrative_Metatheory_in_the_21st_Century_)