https://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Dante&feedformat=atomP2P Foundation - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T00:35:28ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.40.1https://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=116965Netention2019-06-30T10:58:57Z<p>Dante: correcting dead links</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
==Update 2015==<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
==Eric Hunting's description==<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
==More Information==<br />
* Wider context: [[Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
Various Prototypes :<br />
<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014]<br />
<br />
and forked from automenta<br />
<br />
* [https://github.com/dantegabryell/spimedb SpimeDB Code 2017]<br />
* [https://github.com/dantegabryell/narchy Narchy AI 2018]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
* [https://www.slideshare.net/helenefinidori/introduction-to-netention Slides]<br />
<br />
* Related Article from [[Eric Hunting]] : [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/a-proposal-for-a-social-semantic-network-infrastructure-by-eric-hunting/2015/12/28 A proposal for a social semantic network infrastructure]<br />
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[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Resource-Event-Agent_Model&diff=116957Resource-Event-Agent Model2019-06-29T14:58:43Z<p>Dante: /* REA Software Development */</p>
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<div><br />
'''= "REA enables resource flow or process flow models at any level of granularity and aggregation,".'''<br />
<br />
=Contextual Citation=<br />
<br />
"I would never tell a traditional company to switch their accounting system to REA. But if you are organizing supply chains, joint ventures, multi-company collaboration spaces, or economic networks, it's all different."<br />
<br />
- Bob Haugen (email, July 2018)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
'''1. Bob Haugen:'''<br />
<br />
"REA enables resource flow or process flow models at any level of granularity and aggregation, so that micro-models may be interconnected with macro-models and vice versa.<br />
<br />
The general pattern is Input-Process-Output, where the output of one process may become the input of another process, and so on (almost) ad infinitum.<br />
<br />
Both the inputs and the outputs are economic resources (including natural resources as they are affected by human economic processes), each of which may have limits.<br />
<br />
Economic Agents operate the processes which consume and produce resources. The agents may be individuals or aggregates. Likewise the resources and processes.<br />
<br />
The resources flows form networks. Any network flows algorithm may be used upon them.<br />
<br />
The flow networks may also include exchanges of resources between agents."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''2. From the Wikipedia:'''<br />
<br />
"Resources, events, agents (REA) is a model of how an accounting system can be re-engineered for the computer age. REA was originally proposed in 1982 by William E. McCarthy as a generalized accounting model, and contained the concepts of resources, events and agents (McCarthy 1982).<br />
<br />
REA is a popular model in teaching accounting information systems (AIS), but it is rare in business practice. Most companies cannot easily dismantle their legacy data warehouse systems or are unwilling to do so. Workday, Inc., IBM Scalable Architecture for Financial Reporting, REATechnology, and ISO 15944-4 are exceptions. Fallon and Polovina (2013) have however shown how REA can also add value when modelling current ERP business processes by providing a tool which increases the understanding of the implementation and underlying data model.<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
The REA model gets rid of many accounting objects that are not necessary in the computer age. Most visible of these are debits and credits—double-entry bookkeeping disappears in an REA system. Many general ledger accounts also disappear, at least as persistent objects; e.g., accounts receivable or accounts payable. The computer can generate these accounts in real time using source document records.<br />
<br />
REA treats the accounting system as a virtual representation of the actual business. In other words, it creates computer objects that directly represent real-world-business objects. In computer science terms, REA is an ontology. <br />
<br />
<br />
The real objects included in the REA model are:<br />
<br />
* goods, services or money, i.e., resources<br />
* business transactions or agreements that affect resources, i.e., events<br />
* people or other human agencies (other companies, etc.), i.e., agents<br />
<br />
<br />
These objects contrast with conventional accounting terms such as asset or liability, which are less directly tied to real-world objects. For example, a conventional accounting asset such as goodwill is not an REA resource.<br />
<br />
There is a separate REA model for each business process in the company. A business process roughly corresponds to a functional department, or a function in Michael Porter's value chain. Examples of business processes would be sales, purchases, conversion or manufacturing, human resources, and financing.<br />
<br />
At the heart of each REA model there is usually a pair of events, linked by an exchange relationship, typically referred to as the "duality" relation. One of these events usually represents a resource being given away or lost, while the other represents a resource being received or gained. For example, in the sales process, one event would be "sales"—where goods are given up—and the other would be "cash receipt", where cash is received. These two events are linked; a cash receipt occurs in exchange for a sale, and vice versa. The duality relationship can be more complex, e.g., in the manufacturing process, it would often involve more than two events (see Dunn et al. [2004] for examples).<br />
<br />
REA systems have usually been modeled as relational databases with entity-relationship diagrams, though this is not compulsory.<br />
<br />
The philosophy of REA draws on the idea of reusable Design Patterns, though REA patterns are used to describe databases rather than object oriented programs."<br />
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resources,_events,_agents_(accounting_model))<br />
<br />
=Applications=<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
"REA is a simple economic and accounting ontology that can handle all economic resources, not just monetary ones; can handle full economic cycles including production, distribution, and exchange; and can handle externalities (waste and degradation of resources) as well as generative resource flows.<br />
<br />
REA is usually presented as an enterprise accounting model. But it can also be used for higher-level economic analyses, which can connect individual organizations into larger economic formations. No other accounting model is so adaptable. In this context, it is apt to think of REA as a general-purpose economic ontology.<br />
<br />
The REA Ontology quotes Ijiri as saying "...the economic activities of an entity are a sequence of exchanges of resources - the process of giving up some resources to obtain others." Those exchanges of resources do not stop at the boundaries of a single company. They extend across many individuals and organizations, across industries, regions or the whole planet. And they can be aggregated at higher levels: for example, all exchanges involving an economic resource or economic agent type.<br />
<br />
<br />
REA economic exchanges can extend across companies, industries, nations, regions and the earth as a whole. REA economic resource and agent types can aggregate data at higher and higher levels.<br />
<br />
Integration of REA data at higher levels could give organizations and individuals views into their surrounding value systems, business clusters, regional economies and ecosystems.<br />
<br />
Governmental and regional organizations could operate with current accurate aggregate data for economic analyses and future predictability.<br />
<br />
Internet aggregators could follow the dependencies of economic events more deeply, beyond superficial text matches, into the ripple effects of wants and needs and potentials on all the related economic agents.<br />
<br />
The signals of economic events, needs and potentials do now and will increasingly propagate through networks of economic relationships that will be forced to look a lot like REA. Those networks will become increasingly intelligent."<br />
(http://mikorizal.org/BeyondTheEnterprise.html)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Supply Chains and Value Systems==<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
"Supply chains, which have been modeled in REA terms several times, are composed of the chains of material suppliers to an individual manufacturing company. For example, the January 2000 REA, a semantic model for Internet supply chain collaboration and Supply Chain Modeling with REA which focuses a lot on transportation.<br />
<br />
A value system is a broader concept, which consists of all the interconnected economic agents and resource inputs involved in bringing a product or service type to its end consumers.<br />
<br />
Both supply chains and value systems are modeled in REA by chains of alternating conversion and exchange processes, connected by output-input stock flows. These chains will also be used in all of the other larger economic formations below, except the larger formations will use larger aggregate resource, agent and process types."<br />
(http://mikorizal.org/BeyondTheEnterprise.html)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Metabolic Flows==<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
The chemical reactions of Metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.<br />
<br />
'''Following the methodology suggested by Jason Moore in [https://worldecologynetwork.files.wordpress.com/2016/09/moore-metabolic_rift_or_metabolic_shift-final-2016.pdf Dialectics, Nature, and the World-Historical Method], we can interpret the inflows and outflows of human economic processes as metabolic pathways.''' This is not just metaphoric.<br />
<br />
Moore talks about “the unity of work and energy”. The unity is metabolic pathways."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Input-Output Graphs==<br />
<br />
"The Input-output model of economics uses a matrix representation of a nation's (or a region's) economy to predict the effect of changes in one industry on others and by consumers, government, and foreign suppliers on the economy. Wassily Leontief (1906-1999) is credited with the development of this analysis." ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input-output_model])<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[REA Client Application Interface]]==<br />
<br />
"This application attempts to be a new frontend to existing 'Open Value Network' client / server apps."<br />
(https://github.com/django-rea/rea-app/wiki)<br />
<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
'''= In the early 1980s Bill McCarthy first defines Resource-Event-Agent (REA) model for accounting systems and publishes [https://msu.edu/~mccarth4/ many papers] on the topic.'''<br />
<br />
==Timeline==<br />
<br />
* 1979: Bill McCarthy redesigns accounting based on real economic events, instead of accountant's interpretations from the viewpoint of ownership. He publishes [https://msu.edu/user/mccarth4/ar79.pdf a detailed analysis of economic interactions] which explains the design thinking behind REA.<br />
* 1982: Bill publishes [https://msu.edu/user/mccarth4/McCarthy.pdf the seminal paper that defines REA]. This covers only the accounting or event layer of REA.<br />
* 1982-1999: Bill and several collaborators add the Planning or Commitment layer and the Type or Policy layer.<br />
* 1999: Bill and Guido Geerts publish [https://msu.edu/user/mccarth4/Alabama.pdf The Ontological Foundation of REA Enterprise Information Systems] which defines all three of the layers of REA in semantic detail.<br />
* Anita Sawyer Hollander, Eric L. Denna, J. Owen Cherrington publish the first [https://openlibrary.org/books/OL10235890M/Accounting_Information_Technology_and_Business_Solutions textbook on teaching accounting using REA]<br />
* 1995-2000: Bob Haugen discovers REA while researching models for developing supply chain software. He and Bill further develop REA as a semantic model for internet supply chain collaboration, which they present at the [http://www.jeffsutherland.org/oopsla2000/mccarthy/mccarthy.htm OOPSLA 2000 Business Object Workshop]. Previously, REA has been an internal business accounting model: the internal view. This presentation defines the external, objective, or multi-agent view.<br />
* 1999-2001: Bob and Bill start working with a series of standards organizatons, including [http://www.ebxml.org/ ebXML], [https://www.unece.org/cefact/ UN/CEFACT], and [https://www.iso.org/standards.html ISO].<br />
* 2000: Verna Allee coins the term "Value Network" to describe and model tangible & intangible economic value within organisations.<br />
* 2002: ISO adopts REA as their economic and accounting ontology.<br />
* 2004: Cheryl Dunn, J. Owen Cherrington, Anita Sawyer Hollander publish [https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7303396M/Enterprise_Information_Systems another textbook on teaching information systems using REA]. By this time, REA is taught in accounting classes all over the world.<br />
* 2005: Bob begins to write to the importance of [http://mikorizal.org/BeyondTheEnterprise.html expanding REA to cover ad-hoc networks of external economic entities].<br />
* 2005-2011: Bob works closely with Lynn Foster under the name [http://mikorizal.org/ 'Mikorizal Software'] on several open supply chain projects; targeting timber, food networks & fishing industries.<br />
* 2006: Pavel Hruby, Jesper Kiehn and Christian Vibe Scheller publish the book [http://reatechnology.com/book.html Model-Driven Design Using Business Patterns] which explains in detail how to develop REA-based software.<br />
* 2010: Wim Laurier and others start to define [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wim_Laurier/publication/229058875_The_Resource-Event-Agent_Ontology_as_a_foundation_for_business_modeling/links/09e414ffd5784bb751000000/The-Resource-Event-Agent-Ontology-as-a-foundation-for-business-modeling.pdf REA models and software for "collaboration spaces"]: business collaborations between many companies.<br />
* 2012: Open hardware manufacturer [http://www.sensorica.co/ Sensorica] gets involved with REA and coins the term "Open Value Network" (OVN). They develop the [https://speakerdeck.com/mikorizal/1-nrp-overviewNetwork Resource Planning (NRP) software] in collaboration with Bob & Lynn. This is the first iteration of the software on which many subsequent forks have been based.<br />
* [https://speakerdeck.com/mikorizal/how-everything-is-connected-in-nrp NRP system architecture presentation]<br />
* 2014-2018: Lynn, Elf Pavlik, Mikey Williams, and Jon Richter start the [https://www.valueflo.ws/ Value Flows project] to develop a common vocabulary for apps in economic networks. Other people arrive and help, including Kalin Maldzhanski, Paul Mackay, and Elio Qoshi. ValueFlows makes more changes to REA's definitions of Economic Resource and Exchange to allow for all natural resources and other types of exchanges beyond those in business-as-usual.<br />
* 2016: Bill expands upon the concept of an Open Value Network, building on his prior REA model. [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxlqOeaPnXHfTkpPRlFNbzcxR0k/view OVN / REA presentation slides]<br />
* 2016-2017: Sensorica's NRP software is forked by FreedomCoop and becomes [https://blog.p2pfoundation.net/faircoop-activates-open-coop-work/2017/11/19 OCP (Open Collaboration Platform)]. Many updates are made and integrations with digital currencies (FairCoin) begin.<br />
* 2017: Several people from different projects meet to plan [https://github.com/django-rea/rea-app/wiki several new software projects based on Value Flows]<br />
* 2017: [https://github.com/ivanminutillo Ivan Minutillo] of that group starts to work on mobile-friendly user interface components for ValueFlows-based apps.<br />
* 2017: [http://learndeep.org/ LearnDeep], a high-school fablab project in Milwaukee Wisconsin, forks the combination of OCP and Ivan's UI components for a fablab materials sharing system.<br />
* 2017: Christophe Combelles starts to develop an REA system for [http://www.coopaname.coop/ Coopaname, a French associated labor mutual] using the open-source ERP software [https://www.odoo.com/ Odoo] as a framework.<br />
* 2017: Bill returns to ISO to work on a standard for REA on blockchains.<br />
<br />
=Example=<br />
<br />
* Nova Scotia's Resource Flows: http://locecon.org/nova-story/<br />
<br />
"What we need: A Regional Sustainable Seafood Distribution Network<br />
<br />
We envision a structure of fishing vessels from different areas of the province operating in a network of local food distribution platforms. Landed whole fish could be taken directly to small-scale processors willing to work under a ‘fee-for-service’ model and then continue to local distribution hubs. These local hubs would redirect whole and processed fish to farmers markets, local restaurants and community supported fishery subscribers, depending on local demand. A portion of this product would also be directly to a ‘regional food hub’ located in Halifax, where the population base supports aggregation and redistribution."<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Bob Haugen on how REA developments fit in a Commons Economy==<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
"What I miss is the importance of REA for what the [[P2P Foundation]] wants to do.<br />
<br />
You can get a hint of it from reading between some of the lines in this story:<br />
https://www.wired.com/story/how-the-blockchain-is-redefining-trust/<br />
<br />
Key excerpt:<br />
<br />
"Consider traditional accounting, a multi-billion industry largely<br />
dominated by the ‘big four’ audit firms, Deloitte, KPMG, Ernst &<br />
Young, and PwC. The digital distributed ledger could transparently<br />
report the financial transactions of an organization in real time,<br />
reducing the need for traditional accounting practices. And that is<br />
why most major players in the financial industry are busy investing<br />
significant resources into blockchain solutions. They have to embrace<br />
this new paradigm to ensure it works for, not against, them."<br />
<br />
Traditional accounting, with debits and credits, and assets and<br />
liabilities and owner's equity, brilliant invention though it was*,<br />
will not work on a blockchain populated by economic events from many<br />
companies. All of those traditional accounting artifacts are<br />
interpretations of those events from the viewpoint of one and only one<br />
agent.<br />
<br />
McCarthy is increasingly being invited to accounting industry events<br />
to talk about REA, collaboration spaces, value networks, and<br />
blockchains. ISO is working on a blockchain standard based on their<br />
earlier Economic Ontology which is based on REA.<br />
<br />
If you put that together with blockchain supply chain systems like<br />
Sweetbridge and another one that Consensys is working on, you start to<br />
get whole economic networks. And Consensys is talking to McCarthy and<br />
other REA practitioners, including us. So that means whole economic<br />
networks either running on REA, or at least heavily influenced by REA.<br />
<br />
Pretty soon, if you have the P2PF vision, you can see a new economic<br />
system emerging. Not yet escaped from capital, but nothing in the<br />
version of REA that we use assumes or requires capitalist<br />
relationships.<br />
<br />
I don't pretend that these computer systems will bring down capitalism<br />
or by themselves create a new economic system. That will happen on the<br />
ground, by human organizations. But they will need an operating<br />
system.<br />
<br />
That operating system will be built on REA."<br />
(email, January 2018)<br />
<br />
PS: Bob Haugen adds: "blockchains are not necessary for that vision. Something like<br />
Holochain or even Scuttlebutt could work better."<br />
<br />
==Gregg Cassel on how [[Scuttlebutt]] and the [[Holochain]] fit in a REA world==<br />
<br />
Greg Cassel:<br />
<br />
"REA accounting, Value Flows, and my own work seek to develop data formats for people (agents) to CREATE and share information accurately and efficiently. We build models to represent dynamic processes and systems which perform actions (inputs, outputs, transformations) on resources. We think this modeling will be deeply important to creating fair and just economies, mutually coordinated by groups of peers. <br />
<br />
However, these models may be useless (or worse) without data security. Scuttlebutt and Holochain facilitate peer-coordinated data security, as well as fairly distributed TRANSMISSION (bandwidth) and STORAGE of mutually important data. <br />
<br />
Scuttlebutt is focused on p2p messaging (or "gossip") in a format which builds securely encrypted, append-only message histories for each agent and each channel. This is great for conversations or bulletin boards. It doesn't directly enable editing/ revision of entries for dynamic data or databases, such as resource tracking. However it could probably be adapted to interface with databases, using simple modular applications. I know the scuttlebutt designers are well-versed in modularity.<br />
<br />
Holochain is more complex per se, which isn't necessarily a good or bad thing. Holochain is designed to fully support fairly distributed p2p data signaling, storage and security including dynamic data and databases. Holochain has technical standards to ensure the integrity of data which may be dynamically updated by any combination of peers within a network. In their own words: "A holochain is a validating distributed hash table (DHT) where every node enforces validation rules on data against the signed chains where the data originated." Unlike Bitcoin and other blockchains which use hash tables, however, Holochain creates fully distributed and localized verification functions instead of a single global ledger or "source of truth"."<br />
(https://www.facebook.com/groups/p2p.open/permalink/1723742521003253/?)<br />
<br />
===REA Software Development===<br />
<br />
[[Holo-REA]]<br />
<br />
https://github.com/holo-rea/holo-rea-proto<br />
<br />
=More information=<br />
<br />
* https://bitbucket.org/ccomb/rea/ (very early project to combine odoo/rea in the context of [[Coopaname]]<br />
<br />
* article: Resources-Events-Agents Design Theory: A Revolutionary Approach to Enterprise System Design, http://aisel.aisnet.org/cais/vol38/iss1/29/<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Accounting]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Resource-Event-Agent_Model&diff=116956Resource-Event-Agent Model2019-06-29T14:57:57Z<p>Dante: added Holo REA link</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
'''= "REA enables resource flow or process flow models at any level of granularity and aggregation,".'''<br />
<br />
=Contextual Citation=<br />
<br />
"I would never tell a traditional company to switch their accounting system to REA. But if you are organizing supply chains, joint ventures, multi-company collaboration spaces, or economic networks, it's all different."<br />
<br />
- Bob Haugen (email, July 2018)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
'''1. Bob Haugen:'''<br />
<br />
"REA enables resource flow or process flow models at any level of granularity and aggregation, so that micro-models may be interconnected with macro-models and vice versa.<br />
<br />
The general pattern is Input-Process-Output, where the output of one process may become the input of another process, and so on (almost) ad infinitum.<br />
<br />
Both the inputs and the outputs are economic resources (including natural resources as they are affected by human economic processes), each of which may have limits.<br />
<br />
Economic Agents operate the processes which consume and produce resources. The agents may be individuals or aggregates. Likewise the resources and processes.<br />
<br />
The resources flows form networks. Any network flows algorithm may be used upon them.<br />
<br />
The flow networks may also include exchanges of resources between agents."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''2. From the Wikipedia:'''<br />
<br />
"Resources, events, agents (REA) is a model of how an accounting system can be re-engineered for the computer age. REA was originally proposed in 1982 by William E. McCarthy as a generalized accounting model, and contained the concepts of resources, events and agents (McCarthy 1982).<br />
<br />
REA is a popular model in teaching accounting information systems (AIS), but it is rare in business practice. Most companies cannot easily dismantle their legacy data warehouse systems or are unwilling to do so. Workday, Inc., IBM Scalable Architecture for Financial Reporting, REATechnology, and ISO 15944-4 are exceptions. Fallon and Polovina (2013) have however shown how REA can also add value when modelling current ERP business processes by providing a tool which increases the understanding of the implementation and underlying data model.<br />
<br />
...<br />
<br />
The REA model gets rid of many accounting objects that are not necessary in the computer age. Most visible of these are debits and credits—double-entry bookkeeping disappears in an REA system. Many general ledger accounts also disappear, at least as persistent objects; e.g., accounts receivable or accounts payable. The computer can generate these accounts in real time using source document records.<br />
<br />
REA treats the accounting system as a virtual representation of the actual business. In other words, it creates computer objects that directly represent real-world-business objects. In computer science terms, REA is an ontology. <br />
<br />
<br />
The real objects included in the REA model are:<br />
<br />
* goods, services or money, i.e., resources<br />
* business transactions or agreements that affect resources, i.e., events<br />
* people or other human agencies (other companies, etc.), i.e., agents<br />
<br />
<br />
These objects contrast with conventional accounting terms such as asset or liability, which are less directly tied to real-world objects. For example, a conventional accounting asset such as goodwill is not an REA resource.<br />
<br />
There is a separate REA model for each business process in the company. A business process roughly corresponds to a functional department, or a function in Michael Porter's value chain. Examples of business processes would be sales, purchases, conversion or manufacturing, human resources, and financing.<br />
<br />
At the heart of each REA model there is usually a pair of events, linked by an exchange relationship, typically referred to as the "duality" relation. One of these events usually represents a resource being given away or lost, while the other represents a resource being received or gained. For example, in the sales process, one event would be "sales"—where goods are given up—and the other would be "cash receipt", where cash is received. These two events are linked; a cash receipt occurs in exchange for a sale, and vice versa. The duality relationship can be more complex, e.g., in the manufacturing process, it would often involve more than two events (see Dunn et al. [2004] for examples).<br />
<br />
REA systems have usually been modeled as relational databases with entity-relationship diagrams, though this is not compulsory.<br />
<br />
The philosophy of REA draws on the idea of reusable Design Patterns, though REA patterns are used to describe databases rather than object oriented programs."<br />
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resources,_events,_agents_(accounting_model))<br />
<br />
=Applications=<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
"REA is a simple economic and accounting ontology that can handle all economic resources, not just monetary ones; can handle full economic cycles including production, distribution, and exchange; and can handle externalities (waste and degradation of resources) as well as generative resource flows.<br />
<br />
REA is usually presented as an enterprise accounting model. But it can also be used for higher-level economic analyses, which can connect individual organizations into larger economic formations. No other accounting model is so adaptable. In this context, it is apt to think of REA as a general-purpose economic ontology.<br />
<br />
The REA Ontology quotes Ijiri as saying "...the economic activities of an entity are a sequence of exchanges of resources - the process of giving up some resources to obtain others." Those exchanges of resources do not stop at the boundaries of a single company. They extend across many individuals and organizations, across industries, regions or the whole planet. And they can be aggregated at higher levels: for example, all exchanges involving an economic resource or economic agent type.<br />
<br />
<br />
REA economic exchanges can extend across companies, industries, nations, regions and the earth as a whole. REA economic resource and agent types can aggregate data at higher and higher levels.<br />
<br />
Integration of REA data at higher levels could give organizations and individuals views into their surrounding value systems, business clusters, regional economies and ecosystems.<br />
<br />
Governmental and regional organizations could operate with current accurate aggregate data for economic analyses and future predictability.<br />
<br />
Internet aggregators could follow the dependencies of economic events more deeply, beyond superficial text matches, into the ripple effects of wants and needs and potentials on all the related economic agents.<br />
<br />
The signals of economic events, needs and potentials do now and will increasingly propagate through networks of economic relationships that will be forced to look a lot like REA. Those networks will become increasingly intelligent."<br />
(http://mikorizal.org/BeyondTheEnterprise.html)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Supply Chains and Value Systems==<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
"Supply chains, which have been modeled in REA terms several times, are composed of the chains of material suppliers to an individual manufacturing company. For example, the January 2000 REA, a semantic model for Internet supply chain collaboration and Supply Chain Modeling with REA which focuses a lot on transportation.<br />
<br />
A value system is a broader concept, which consists of all the interconnected economic agents and resource inputs involved in bringing a product or service type to its end consumers.<br />
<br />
Both supply chains and value systems are modeled in REA by chains of alternating conversion and exchange processes, connected by output-input stock flows. These chains will also be used in all of the other larger economic formations below, except the larger formations will use larger aggregate resource, agent and process types."<br />
(http://mikorizal.org/BeyondTheEnterprise.html)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Metabolic Flows==<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
The chemical reactions of Metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.<br />
<br />
'''Following the methodology suggested by Jason Moore in [https://worldecologynetwork.files.wordpress.com/2016/09/moore-metabolic_rift_or_metabolic_shift-final-2016.pdf Dialectics, Nature, and the World-Historical Method], we can interpret the inflows and outflows of human economic processes as metabolic pathways.''' This is not just metaphoric.<br />
<br />
Moore talks about “the unity of work and energy”. The unity is metabolic pathways."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Input-Output Graphs==<br />
<br />
"The Input-output model of economics uses a matrix representation of a nation's (or a region's) economy to predict the effect of changes in one industry on others and by consumers, government, and foreign suppliers on the economy. Wassily Leontief (1906-1999) is credited with the development of this analysis." ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input-output_model])<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[REA Client Application Interface]]==<br />
<br />
"This application attempts to be a new frontend to existing 'Open Value Network' client / server apps."<br />
(https://github.com/django-rea/rea-app/wiki)<br />
<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
'''= In the early 1980s Bill McCarthy first defines Resource-Event-Agent (REA) model for accounting systems and publishes [https://msu.edu/~mccarth4/ many papers] on the topic.'''<br />
<br />
==Timeline==<br />
<br />
* 1979: Bill McCarthy redesigns accounting based on real economic events, instead of accountant's interpretations from the viewpoint of ownership. He publishes [https://msu.edu/user/mccarth4/ar79.pdf a detailed analysis of economic interactions] which explains the design thinking behind REA.<br />
* 1982: Bill publishes [https://msu.edu/user/mccarth4/McCarthy.pdf the seminal paper that defines REA]. This covers only the accounting or event layer of REA.<br />
* 1982-1999: Bill and several collaborators add the Planning or Commitment layer and the Type or Policy layer.<br />
* 1999: Bill and Guido Geerts publish [https://msu.edu/user/mccarth4/Alabama.pdf The Ontological Foundation of REA Enterprise Information Systems] which defines all three of the layers of REA in semantic detail.<br />
* Anita Sawyer Hollander, Eric L. Denna, J. Owen Cherrington publish the first [https://openlibrary.org/books/OL10235890M/Accounting_Information_Technology_and_Business_Solutions textbook on teaching accounting using REA]<br />
* 1995-2000: Bob Haugen discovers REA while researching models for developing supply chain software. He and Bill further develop REA as a semantic model for internet supply chain collaboration, which they present at the [http://www.jeffsutherland.org/oopsla2000/mccarthy/mccarthy.htm OOPSLA 2000 Business Object Workshop]. Previously, REA has been an internal business accounting model: the internal view. This presentation defines the external, objective, or multi-agent view.<br />
* 1999-2001: Bob and Bill start working with a series of standards organizatons, including [http://www.ebxml.org/ ebXML], [https://www.unece.org/cefact/ UN/CEFACT], and [https://www.iso.org/standards.html ISO].<br />
* 2000: Verna Allee coins the term "Value Network" to describe and model tangible & intangible economic value within organisations.<br />
* 2002: ISO adopts REA as their economic and accounting ontology.<br />
* 2004: Cheryl Dunn, J. Owen Cherrington, Anita Sawyer Hollander publish [https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7303396M/Enterprise_Information_Systems another textbook on teaching information systems using REA]. By this time, REA is taught in accounting classes all over the world.<br />
* 2005: Bob begins to write to the importance of [http://mikorizal.org/BeyondTheEnterprise.html expanding REA to cover ad-hoc networks of external economic entities].<br />
* 2005-2011: Bob works closely with Lynn Foster under the name [http://mikorizal.org/ 'Mikorizal Software'] on several open supply chain projects; targeting timber, food networks & fishing industries.<br />
* 2006: Pavel Hruby, Jesper Kiehn and Christian Vibe Scheller publish the book [http://reatechnology.com/book.html Model-Driven Design Using Business Patterns] which explains in detail how to develop REA-based software.<br />
* 2010: Wim Laurier and others start to define [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wim_Laurier/publication/229058875_The_Resource-Event-Agent_Ontology_as_a_foundation_for_business_modeling/links/09e414ffd5784bb751000000/The-Resource-Event-Agent-Ontology-as-a-foundation-for-business-modeling.pdf REA models and software for "collaboration spaces"]: business collaborations between many companies.<br />
* 2012: Open hardware manufacturer [http://www.sensorica.co/ Sensorica] gets involved with REA and coins the term "Open Value Network" (OVN). They develop the [https://speakerdeck.com/mikorizal/1-nrp-overviewNetwork Resource Planning (NRP) software] in collaboration with Bob & Lynn. This is the first iteration of the software on which many subsequent forks have been based.<br />
* [https://speakerdeck.com/mikorizal/how-everything-is-connected-in-nrp NRP system architecture presentation]<br />
* 2014-2018: Lynn, Elf Pavlik, Mikey Williams, and Jon Richter start the [https://www.valueflo.ws/ Value Flows project] to develop a common vocabulary for apps in economic networks. Other people arrive and help, including Kalin Maldzhanski, Paul Mackay, and Elio Qoshi. ValueFlows makes more changes to REA's definitions of Economic Resource and Exchange to allow for all natural resources and other types of exchanges beyond those in business-as-usual.<br />
* 2016: Bill expands upon the concept of an Open Value Network, building on his prior REA model. [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BxlqOeaPnXHfTkpPRlFNbzcxR0k/view OVN / REA presentation slides]<br />
* 2016-2017: Sensorica's NRP software is forked by FreedomCoop and becomes [https://blog.p2pfoundation.net/faircoop-activates-open-coop-work/2017/11/19 OCP (Open Collaboration Platform)]. Many updates are made and integrations with digital currencies (FairCoin) begin.<br />
* 2017: Several people from different projects meet to plan [https://github.com/django-rea/rea-app/wiki several new software projects based on Value Flows]<br />
* 2017: [https://github.com/ivanminutillo Ivan Minutillo] of that group starts to work on mobile-friendly user interface components for ValueFlows-based apps.<br />
* 2017: [http://learndeep.org/ LearnDeep], a high-school fablab project in Milwaukee Wisconsin, forks the combination of OCP and Ivan's UI components for a fablab materials sharing system.<br />
* 2017: Christophe Combelles starts to develop an REA system for [http://www.coopaname.coop/ Coopaname, a French associated labor mutual] using the open-source ERP software [https://www.odoo.com/ Odoo] as a framework.<br />
* 2017: Bill returns to ISO to work on a standard for REA on blockchains.<br />
<br />
=Example=<br />
<br />
* Nova Scotia's Resource Flows: http://locecon.org/nova-story/<br />
<br />
"What we need: A Regional Sustainable Seafood Distribution Network<br />
<br />
We envision a structure of fishing vessels from different areas of the province operating in a network of local food distribution platforms. Landed whole fish could be taken directly to small-scale processors willing to work under a ‘fee-for-service’ model and then continue to local distribution hubs. These local hubs would redirect whole and processed fish to farmers markets, local restaurants and community supported fishery subscribers, depending on local demand. A portion of this product would also be directly to a ‘regional food hub’ located in Halifax, where the population base supports aggregation and redistribution."<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Bob Haugen on how REA developments fit in a Commons Economy==<br />
<br />
Bob Haugen:<br />
<br />
"What I miss is the importance of REA for what the [[P2P Foundation]] wants to do.<br />
<br />
You can get a hint of it from reading between some of the lines in this story:<br />
https://www.wired.com/story/how-the-blockchain-is-redefining-trust/<br />
<br />
Key excerpt:<br />
<br />
"Consider traditional accounting, a multi-billion industry largely<br />
dominated by the ‘big four’ audit firms, Deloitte, KPMG, Ernst &<br />
Young, and PwC. The digital distributed ledger could transparently<br />
report the financial transactions of an organization in real time,<br />
reducing the need for traditional accounting practices. And that is<br />
why most major players in the financial industry are busy investing<br />
significant resources into blockchain solutions. They have to embrace<br />
this new paradigm to ensure it works for, not against, them."<br />
<br />
Traditional accounting, with debits and credits, and assets and<br />
liabilities and owner's equity, brilliant invention though it was*,<br />
will not work on a blockchain populated by economic events from many<br />
companies. All of those traditional accounting artifacts are<br />
interpretations of those events from the viewpoint of one and only one<br />
agent.<br />
<br />
McCarthy is increasingly being invited to accounting industry events<br />
to talk about REA, collaboration spaces, value networks, and<br />
blockchains. ISO is working on a blockchain standard based on their<br />
earlier Economic Ontology which is based on REA.<br />
<br />
If you put that together with blockchain supply chain systems like<br />
Sweetbridge and another one that Consensys is working on, you start to<br />
get whole economic networks. And Consensys is talking to McCarthy and<br />
other REA practitioners, including us. So that means whole economic<br />
networks either running on REA, or at least heavily influenced by REA.<br />
<br />
Pretty soon, if you have the P2PF vision, you can see a new economic<br />
system emerging. Not yet escaped from capital, but nothing in the<br />
version of REA that we use assumes or requires capitalist<br />
relationships.<br />
<br />
I don't pretend that these computer systems will bring down capitalism<br />
or by themselves create a new economic system. That will happen on the<br />
ground, by human organizations. But they will need an operating<br />
system.<br />
<br />
That operating system will be built on REA."<br />
(email, January 2018)<br />
<br />
PS: Bob Haugen adds: "blockchains are not necessary for that vision. Something like<br />
Holochain or even Scuttlebutt could work better."<br />
<br />
==Gregg Cassel on how [[Scuttlebutt]] and the [[Holochain]] fit in a REA world==<br />
<br />
Greg Cassel:<br />
<br />
"REA accounting, Value Flows, and my own work seek to develop data formats for people (agents) to CREATE and share information accurately and efficiently. We build models to represent dynamic processes and systems which perform actions (inputs, outputs, transformations) on resources. We think this modeling will be deeply important to creating fair and just economies, mutually coordinated by groups of peers. <br />
<br />
However, these models may be useless (or worse) without data security. Scuttlebutt and Holochain facilitate peer-coordinated data security, as well as fairly distributed TRANSMISSION (bandwidth) and STORAGE of mutually important data. <br />
<br />
Scuttlebutt is focused on p2p messaging (or "gossip") in a format which builds securely encrypted, append-only message histories for each agent and each channel. This is great for conversations or bulletin boards. It doesn't directly enable editing/ revision of entries for dynamic data or databases, such as resource tracking. However it could probably be adapted to interface with databases, using simple modular applications. I know the scuttlebutt designers are well-versed in modularity.<br />
<br />
Holochain is more complex per se, which isn't necessarily a good or bad thing. Holochain is designed to fully support fairly distributed p2p data signaling, storage and security including dynamic data and databases. Holochain has technical standards to ensure the integrity of data which may be dynamically updated by any combination of peers within a network. In their own words: "A holochain is a validating distributed hash table (DHT) where every node enforces validation rules on data against the signed chains where the data originated." Unlike Bitcoin and other blockchains which use hash tables, however, Holochain creates fully distributed and localized verification functions instead of a single global ledger or "source of truth"."<br />
(https://www.facebook.com/groups/p2p.open/permalink/1723742521003253/?)<br />
<br />
===REA Software Development===<br />
<br />
[[Holo REA]]<br />
<br />
https://github.com/holo-rea/holo-rea-proto<br />
<br />
=More information=<br />
<br />
* https://bitbucket.org/ccomb/rea/ (very early project to combine odoo/rea in the context of [[Coopaname]]<br />
<br />
* article: Resources-Events-Agents Design Theory: A Revolutionary Approach to Enterprise System Design, http://aisel.aisnet.org/cais/vol38/iss1/29/<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Accounting]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Holo-REA&diff=116955Holo-REA2019-06-29T14:55:23Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
'''= "framework on Holochain for operational management and accounting for economic networks as well as single business organizations".'''<br />
<br />
URL = https://github.com/holo-rea/holo-rea-proto<br />
<br />
=Definition=<br />
<br />
"Holo-REA is developing an REA (Resource-Event-Agent) framework on Holochain for operational management and accounting for economic networks as well as single business organizations. The scope will be like an ERP system for networks, but implemented as agent-centric P2P nodes using a suite of small apps that can all work together."<br />
<br />
=Also see=<br />
<br />
* [[Resource-Event-Agent Model]]<br />
<br />
* [[Bob Haugen]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Accounting]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Future_of_Higher_Education&diff=116507Future of Higher Education2019-05-21T17:39:00Z<p>Dante: added link to archive</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
URL = http://ecolecon.missouri.edu/globalresearch/chapters/index.html<br />
<br />
Archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20180709084058/http://ecolecon.missouri.edu/globalresearch/chapters/index.html<br />
<br />
==Title==<br />
'''THE FUTURE OF HIGHER (LIFELONG) EDUCATION: For All Worldwide, A Holistic View.''' Parker Rossman (et al.?).<br />
<br />
==Description==<br />
<br />
"Volume I begins with institutional forms and structures and focuses on preservation and transmission of the knowledge and wisdom of the past, then calls for a global networking approach to the rethinking of all education. Volume II is on the future of research. Volume III focuses on the individual: learning and teaching. Intended primarily for the developing world."<br />
<br />
3 volume electronic examination of the future of education.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Education]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Books]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Talk:Peer_Production_License&diff=116080Talk:Peer Production License2019-03-14T17:33:34Z<p>Dante: Rather Post-Capitalist, and not necessarily "Anti". Possibly even rather Georgist ?</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
=Various Comments=<br />
<br />
==Revlin==<br />
<br />
RE: Why I still don't believe in the p2p license<br />
<br />
*I copied this to the main page content, but I want to keep this version here, in case my thoughts are altered or removed from the main page. thanx<br />
<br />
I just wanted to respond to a line of thought in this critique, best exemplified by this passage:<br />
<br />
<br />
" ''The argument for the p2p license is to insure that value flows predominantly towards the new economy, which is based on commons and open innovation. It is in fact a defensive or protective mechanism, that implies a weakness of the new economy. Value flows in all directions, but it generally flows predominantly from the economically weak to the economically strong. It is the economically weak who needs protective measures. The economically strong is generally interested in not adding barriers to value flows. This is why the USA goes around and signs free trade agreements, which are very disruptive for smaller economies, because the deal ends up displacing local economic agents, disturbing the local ecosystem.'' "<br />
<br />
<br />
Essentially I agree with this characterization, but I disagree that "protective" measures are ineffectual in supporting a ''delicate'' economy (a term I find more appropriate than "weak", which is full of obvious biases, most significantly the failure to note the this "weak" economy has a much higher creative intellectual potential than the "strong" economy). <br />
<br />
The very actor used here as an example of a strong economic party, the US, was once a delicate market, and one on the margins of a much more developed and robust market, England. In that time tariffs or taxes on imported products were used by the US to strengthen it's domestic productivity. We can see that these ''protective'' measures were very successful, ''when implemented properly and over a significant time period''. As I said, in principle I agree that CopyFarLeft approaches are essentially protectionism for a developing open market and I would further argue: that's a ''good thing!''<br />
<br />
However, all of the above is presented under a false premise: that there are two intellectual markets, a traditional proprietary market and a new open source market. Actually, all IPs make use of public domain and open source knowledge. All proprietary products benefit from the great store of commons data, new and old, raw and developing. There is no proprietary market apart from the commons. It's a subset of the commons. What p2p does is essentially say, "You ''cannot'' put a fence around this piece of information, this part of the collective knowledge pool." This license does not move a project from one market to another. It ''protects'' that project from becoming inaccessible to the greater market in which it was developed. All projects begin in the commons because all projects are a synthesizing of prior knowledge into new applications. Fundamentally this is about protecting knowledge from the kind of distortion, obscurity and exploitation that is based on secrets and hidden agendas.<br />
<br />
Further more, I would like to put out a neighborly reminder to anyone reading this discussion:<br />
<br />
Whether it be in form of face-to-face communication, analogue media or digital data, KNOWLEDGE is ''primary wealth''. All other products our ''secondary'' wealth because all other products are the result of the ''application of knowledge''. Even the ''use'' of previously produced wealth is only possible through the application of knowledge. If we ever want to find ourselves living in a fair and open society, we need to continue to innovate ''open forms of participation'' in the preservation of knowledge, the distribution of knowledge and the application of knowledge in the creation of new wealth. I believe that the license posted above is one such innovation.<br />
<br />
==Dante==<br />
<br />
It seems to me that the licence might tend more towards post-capitalism than anti-capitalism.<br />
<br />
I would even argue that it might be closer to a Georgist approach ? <br />
( including this kind of blend ? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geolibertarianism )</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=115573Netention2019-02-09T21:09:56Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>Various Prototypes :<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code] ,<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014] ,<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/spimedb SpimeDB Code 2017]<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/narchy Narchy AI 2018]<br />
<br />
[https://www.slideshare.net/helenefinidori/introduction-to-netention Slides]<br />
<br />
Related Article from [[Eric Hunting]] : [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/a-proposal-for-a-social-semantic-network-infrastructure-by-eric-hunting/2015/12/28 A proposal for a social semantic network infrastructure]<br />
<br />
Larger Context :<br />
[[Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Update 2015=<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=115409Netention2019-02-04T18:22:03Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>Various Prototypes :<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code] ,<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014] ,<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/spimedb SpimeDB Code 2017]<br />
<br />
[https://www.slideshare.net/helenefinidori/introduction-to-netention Slides]<br />
<br />
Related Article from [[Eric Hunting]] : [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/a-proposal-for-a-social-semantic-network-infrastructure-by-eric-hunting/2015/12/28 A proposal for a social semantic network infrastructure]<br />
<br />
Larger Context :<br />
[[Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Update 2015=<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Talk:Donorpreneurs&diff=113469Talk:Donorpreneurs2018-10-22T22:18:56Z<p>Dante: short comment</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
Some might have noticed the contradiction.<br />
<br />
In french, donner means giving, and prendre means taking.<br />
<br />
" Giver-taker " ? It might make sense if the meaning is "Taking from those who want to give" ? <br />
<br />
Also see : <br />
<br />
http://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Entredonneur</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=109400Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2017-08-21T00:36:22Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>An Archive of various projects developed in a potentially common spirit<br />
<br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
<br />
A similarly intentioned list compiled by Joseph S.<br />
https://hackpad.com/ep/group/sa3k0dJt85D<br />
<br />
More recent developments :<br />
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1AgD8UlInKdYyusY0Y3yNH4Rxxs3rCf0rQ6SdcGULliY/edit <br />
( https://www.loomio.org/p/B1aEHyc3/lets-re-launch-the-cta ) <br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
And this article which gives an interesting overview of potentials<br />
<br />
http://www.ubiquitouscommons.org/ubiquitous-commons-architecture-and-domain-updates/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
Also see this more recent 2016 article by Connor, bringing forward Hylo, Metamaps and Loomio : <br />
<br />
https://medium.com/@connoropolous/beyond-facebook-a-web-of-action-c176c540acc5<br />
<br />
and this 2015 article by Edward West : <br />
https://medium.com/enspiral-tales/doing-more-together-together-seeding-a-collaborative-technology-alliance-82243ea30d41<br />
<br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/Hylozoic<br />
* https://github.com/loomio<br />
* https://github.com/metamaps<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain <br />
http://pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
<br />
Living coop<br />
<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=109237Netention2017-08-12T12:45:11Z<p>Dante: added SpimeDB</p>
<hr />
<div>Various Prototypes :<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code] ,<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014] ,<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/spimedb SpimeDB Code 2017]<br />
<br />
[https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides]<br />
<br />
Related Article from [[Eric Hunting]] : [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/a-proposal-for-a-social-semantic-network-infrastructure-by-eric-hunting/2015/12/28 A proposal for a social semantic network infrastructure]<br />
<br />
Larger Context :<br />
[[Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Update 2015=<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=109235Netention2017-08-12T10:46:49Z<p>Dante: added Category:Mutual Coordination</p>
<hr />
<div>[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code]<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014]<br />
<br />
[https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides]<br />
<br />
Related Article from [[Eric Hunting]] : [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/a-proposal-for-a-social-semantic-network-infrastructure-by-eric-hunting/2015/12/28 A proposal for a social semantic network infrastructure]<br />
<br />
Larger Context :<br />
[[Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Update 2015=<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=109234Platform Cooperativism2017-08-12T10:44:55Z<p>Dante: added Category:Mutual Coordination</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
'''= "Can we bring co-operative ownership and governance to the online platforms that we increasingly live by?"'''<br />
<br />
&mdash; Nathan Schneider [https://www.imperica.com/en/in-conversation-with/co-operatives-aren-t-co-operatives-unless-they-co-operate-with-each-other]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Introduction=<br />
<br />
Concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]; and<br />
<br />
Also an event: see http://platformcoop.net/ ; and a book, the [[Platform Cooperativism Book]]<br />
<br />
=Contextual Citation=<br />
<br />
1. '''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
'''2.'''<br />
<br />
"The solidarity economy is creative and energetic, spawning healthy attitudes toward work and more sustainable forms of financing. But this movement, perhaps because it prioritizes offline essentials like sustainable agriculture, local communities, and alternative energy, has yet to infiltrate the Internet as it should. Members of a food cooperative, for instance, may not notice the contradiction when they keep their files on Google Drive, process their payments with Square, and buy ads on Facebook. For now, these kinds of tools can seem unavoidable, though they need not be. The solidarity economy deserves a solidarity Internet."<br />
<br />
- NATHAN SCHNEIDER AND TREBOR SCHOLZ [http://www.thenextsystem.org/the-internet-needs-a-new-economy/]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Trebor Scholz:<br />
<br />
“It’s a call to workers, designers, and developers. It’s up to you: the blue pill or, well, you know the Matrix story — the red.<br />
<br />
There has been backlash against unethical labor practices in the “collaborative sharing economy” because of an utter lack of concern for the workers.<br />
<br />
Take, for example, Uber’s app, with all its geo-location and ride ordering capabilities. Corporate owners and shareholders do not have to be the main benefactors of such platform-based labor brokerage. How to dodge Uber and put a worker-owned cooperative or unionized labor pool in their place? <br />
<br />
Imagine, just for one moment, that the algorithmic heart of the citadels of anti-unionism could be cloned and brought back to life under a different ownership model, with fair working conditions, as a humane alternative to the free market model.<br />
<br />
Apps-based, worker-owned labor brokerages that allow workers to exchange their labor without the manipulation of the middleman are possible. They are possible for transportation and they are feasible for micro work, specifically on [[Mechanical Turk]] and [[CrowdFlower]], as well as other sectors.<br />
<br />
Entities like Uber, Ola, TaxiForSure, or Lyft are vulnerable because their technology can be duplicated.<br />
<br />
Every Uber has an Unter; every above has a below.<br />
<br />
Taxi drivers and technologists can coalesce to build an open source app that equals or outperforms their corporate equivalent. It could offer workers dignity, financial stability, and higher social standards. This is, no doubt, a challenge of a high order.<br />
<br />
Developers, in collaboration with local, worker-owner cooperatives can design such a self-contained program for mobile phones, cross-platform of course — Android and iPhone.<br />
<br />
I’m suggesting the marriage of badge technology with the marketing of FairTrade coffee. Here, it would not be skills that are certified, but ethical labor conditions. Online, badges could advise consumers that a given platform operates based on ethical labor standards.<br />
<br />
Despite its meteoric rise, $300 million in venture capital backing (and its $41 billion evaluation bubble), as well as massive international reach, there is nothing inevitable about Uber becoming the unchallenged winner in that market, on a local level. It’s time intensive and by no means simple, but hey — there is no magic when it comes to software development. Technology is only one part, arguably the smaller part, of the equation. I’m not willing to give an inch to techno-determinism here; platform cooperativism is about apps, yes, but it is mostly about workers organizing in cooperatives, ideally worker-owned. It’s about “apps-workers” — the 21st century solo workers, associating with unions or associations; it’s about innovative forms of worker solidarity that also include design interventions like [[Turkopticon]] and [[Dynamo]]<ref>[http://hci.stanford.edu/publications/2015/dynamo/DynamoCHI2015.pdf We Are Dynamo: Overcoming Stalling and Friction in Collective Action for Crowd Workers]</ref>.<br />
<br />
Worker-owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things, and speak alternatives to the new platform capitalists. Cooperative might then be able to use regulatory templates, created by companies like Uber, created at the frontiers of regulation.<br />
<br />
Startup hotshots suggest that there is a logical step from the sharing of content through social media to the rental of goods, space, and the provision of transport through de facto labor companies like Feastly, Carpooling, Handy, Kozaza, EatWith, Kitchensurfing, TaskRabbit, and Uber.<br />
<br />
The narrative of the sharing economy is incredibly smooth: the aesthetics, design, and algorithms. Neighbors can sell the fruit from the trees in their gardens, you can rent an apartment in Rome, a boat, or tree house or yurt in Redwood Forest. In Berkeley and Oakland, you can pay your neighbor to cook you a wholesome dinner, and now you can even listen to your own Spotify account in an Uber taxi.<br />
<br />
Consumers, raised with an appreciation of low prices above all else, welcome many of these market incumbents. And, of course, all of these developments play out against the background of deliberate shockwaves of austerity that followed the 2008 financial crash. The sharing economy is portrayed as harbinger for the post-work society and path to ecologically sustainable capitalism, Google will conquer death itself, and this brave new “disruptive” economy will rid us of Jurassic forms of labor, which might well include what [[David Graeber]] refers to as “bullshit jobs.”<br />
<br />
But by now, only few people still fall for the solidarity theater of the “disruptive sharing economy,” its deceptive “peer” rhetoric when referring to individual workers and consumers, and its underhanded talk of changing the world (HBO’s Silicon Valley, anyone?).<br />
<br />
Occupations that cannot be off-shored, the pet walkers or home cleaners, are now subsumed under platform capitalism. Baby boomers are losing sectors of the economy like transportation, food, and various other services, to millennials who fiercely rush to control demand, supply, and profit by adding a thick icing of business onto apps-based user interactions. Companies like Uber and airbnb are enjoying their Andy Warhol moment, their $15 billion of fame, in the absence of any physical infrastructure of their own. They didn’t build that, not unlike Facebook — they are running on your car, apartment, labor, and importantly, time. They are logistics companies where all participants pay up the middleman: the Financialization of the Everyday v.3.0.<br />
<br />
Legacy taxi companies have undoubtedly seen better days. Ride ordering apps are making transportation easier and also bit more accountable as passengers can give dreadful drivers devastating reviews. Some taxi drivers report that they appreciate not having to commit to a company full-time. They enjoy the flexible hours that they cannot get with legacy taxi companies. Ecological concerns about single driver occupancy are also real when thinking about these labor companies. It’s a no-brainer, the medallion system could use an update and at far over $800,000 for a single medallion in New York City, the system is completely impenetrable for taxi associations trying to build a small fleet of their own.<br />
<br />
The medallion cartel prevents such worker-owned organizations from taking hold. With innovative ride rental software, organizing the taxi business is easier for the various types of worker cooperatives.”<br />
(http://www.publicseminar.org/2015/04/think-outside-the-boss/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Typology=<br />
<br />
"Trebor offers a series of types of platform coops.<br />
<br />
<br />
Cooperative online labor brokerages & marketplaces<br />
In Germany, Fairmondo started as a global marketplace owned by its users -- like a co-operative ebay. In SF, Loconomics is a freelance co-operative where freelancers have shares and have a voice in running the company.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Produser-Owned Platform Cooperative==<br />
<br />
These sites, like Resonate (music), Members Media (film), and Stocksy (stock photography), allow producers to co-own the platforms to which they are selling their work. The objective of these co-operatives are to create careers for their producers, who co-own systems.<br />
<br />
<br />
==City-Owned Platforms==<br />
<br />
Trebor notes that even in the US, cities own hotels, hospitals, and many public services. He describes work by Janelle Orsi to imagine publicly-owned platforms: muni-bnb would be a city-owned airbnb system that invests profits into city projects. all-bnb would be modeled after the Alaska Permanent Fund and would pay residents for the profits made by sharing hosting. Another idea is the "sharing city" Seoul, who offer a city-operated taxi hailing system.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Union-backed platforms==<br />
<br />
The California App-Based Drivers Association unionizes drivers who participate in sharing economy platforms. In New Jersey, the Union Taxi Cooperative also operates its own platform.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Cooperatives From Within==<br />
<br />
Trebor talks about the idea of worker cooperatives forming "in the belly of the sharing economy" if governments decided to break up these monopolies and convert them into co-ops."<br />
(http://networkofcenters.net/news/what-platform-cooperativism-and-why-it-important)<br />
<br />
<br />
More Information via:<br />
<br />
#[[Cooperative Online Labor Brokerages and Marketplaces]]<br />
#[[Produser-Owned Platform Cooperatives]]<br />
#[[City-Owned Sharing and Exchange Platforms]]<br />
#[[Union-Backed Cooperative Platforms]]<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
Neal Gorenflo:<br />
<br />
"Below are five things platform coops must do to beat Death Stars platforms. <br />
<br />
==1. Incubate the Templates==<br />
<br />
It will take focused, well-resourced, and consistent effort to work out the interrelated legal, financial, and organizational challenges of forming platform coops. Platform coops aren’t an incremental step up from typical startups, they’re a transformational leap. The path is currently uncertain, expensive, and time consuming. For instance, Loconomics has been working on their structure for going on two years, and aren’t even in beta yet. A better way is needed. Platform coops need to face this challenge together with long-term support of a stable anchor institution, like a university. This high barrier to forming platform coops must be lowered or this new movement will die in its crib.<br />
<br />
Part of the magic of tech startups is that there’s a well understood organizational structure, financing method, and developmental path for entrepreneurs to use. In other words, there's a template. Platform coops need templates too, but ones which support a diversity of organizational patterns. What’s needed is a small number of incubators in different global cities working together to give birth to the first wave of platform coops. The trick is to get the first few platform coops off the ground, and then develop a global ecosystem that encourages replication of working models across industry verticals and geographies.<br />
<br />
<br />
==2. Offer a better service at a competitive price==<br />
<br />
Let's not forget business fundamentals. Platform coops must offer a better service at a competitive price to beat Death Stars. A lot hinges on simply executing better day in and day out, but strategy plays a big role too. The key strategic challenge is figuring out how to leverage platform coops’ social mission, democratic structure to help them compete. User ownership and control offers inherent advantages that stem from a more engaging and empowering relationship to other users and the enterprise itself. For instance, platform coops could attract more loyal users at a lower cost than Death Stars by offering user-ownership. All else being equal, user-owners will likely deliver better service than 1099 contractors. Platform coops may be able to create a deeper community experience than Death Stars, which routinely feign community ethos for profit. The social mission of platform coops could help them access less expensive labor and capital like traditional cooperatives. They could also gain a cost advantage by developing a common software infrastructure or using open source platforms by [[Sharetribe]] and GNUsocial.<br />
<br />
==3. Take Cooperation to the Next Level== <br />
<br />
It goes without saying that platform coops should cooperate, as that is standard operating procedure in the cooperative world. In fact, it's number six of the sector’s widely embraced Rochdale Principles. However, platform coops should take cooperation to the next level to exploit a potentially decisive competitive advantage over Death Stars. Death Stars’ closed nature which make it nearly impossible for them to engage in the deep collaboration between cooperatives seen in regions like Quebec, Canada, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, and Basque Country, Spain. Clusters of small to medium-sized cooperatives in these regions often compete successfully against large multinationals through networking, formal collaborations, and shared infrastructure such as market research centers, banks, and universities. These cooperatives collaborate in a much deeper way than tech companies. In fact, they act almost as if they’re one organism.<br />
<br />
Platform coops must act similarly. For examble, the replacement for Airbnb shouldn't be another centralizing global platform even if it's a cooperative. It should be a federation of locally-owned cooperatives that are interconnected technologically (Fairbnb!). GNUsocial's microblogging platform is an example. Each node is on a different server, but users can interact across nodes. The advantage is a much more resilient, user-controlled, distributed infrastructure. At Somero 2015 last month, GNUsocial took a big leap by unveiling the alpha version of a hospitality module called GNUbnb.<br />
<br />
Platform coops can share much more than software including data, digital reputation, knowledge, marketing, public relations, legal, lobbying, and physical space. And share all of this on a global basis -- as Michel Bauwens’ open coop proposal advises -- and across industries. Cities should get in on the action too. They should cooperate with each other and with platform coops to mold the sharing economy in the public interest as Janelle Orsi of the Sustainable Economies Law Center recently suggested.<br />
<br />
<br />
==4. Create an Ecosystem to Distribute Wealth==<br />
<br />
Silicon Valley arguably creates and concentrates more wealth than any place on earth. Behind this phenomenon is a powerful ecosystem that includes Stanford University, the biggest venture capital firms in the world, an enterprising culture, top notch professional services, and more. This ecosystem birthed the Death Stars, and they’ve benefited greatly from it. Platform coops need a similarly powerful ecosystem to compete, but one that distributes wealth instead of concentrating it. That’s a tall order, but platform coops may have natural allies in creating such an ecosystem including city governments, unions, nonprofits, universities, the free and open source software movement, and social investors like credit unions, social venture funds, and foundations. It took many decades for the Silicon Valley “miracle” to unfold. Similarly, it'll take an ecosystem to raise this movement.<br />
<br />
<br />
==5. Build a mass movement==<br />
<br />
Platform cooperatives have the opportunity to channel the huge amount of negative sentiment around Death Star platforms to power their movement. They can also move into the slipstream of awareness Death Stars are creating about the sharing economy to surge forward. However, the movement must be reframed in at least three ways to take advantage of these powerful forces.<br />
<br />
First, platform cooperativism must become a populist, trans-partisan movement. If Platform Cooperativism is the coming out party for the cooperative Internet, then it’s a lopsided one. The guest list reads like the line up for New York City’s liberal all star team. That said, I give them credit for a long list of partners including Shareable. That’s a good start at building a movement; they only need to reach across the aisle more going forward.<br />
<br />
Second, it must shift emphasis from moral arguments for platform coops to practical ones which convince ordinary folks that the vision is feasible. Hope is essential! Like traditional cooperatives, platform coops could offer inherent competitive advantages, including superior cost structure, better working conditions, higher pay, better reputations, resilience, and alignment between value creators and rewards. In fact, sharing ownership and control with users may become a necessity, as Brad Burnham of Union Square Ventures has argued, for platforms to compete for customers as other advantages are leveled by the market.<br />
<br />
Lastly, the emphasis must shift from platform coops formed by providers to a multi-stakeholder model that could include providers, customers, founders, investors, geographic communities, and nature. Provider-driven platform coops are a good start, but they will eventually run into the same problems that arise in any organization when one stakeholder group calls the shots. Investors are a normal part of the mix in traditional coops, so no reason they shouldn’t be here, especially with their power in check as one of many stakeholders.<br />
<br />
So an epic choice is before us. Do we accept Death Star platforms’ boring, unresilient, monocultural domination? A domination that will be difficult to shake off once established. A domination that puts the world at each of our individual fingertips while disempowering us collectively. A domination that could permanently damage the richness, resilience, and capacities of our local communities, as Douglas Rushkoff suggests.<br />
<br />
Or do we work together to build, as Charles Eisenstein would put it, the more beautiful world our hearts know is possible? A world where platform coops manifest the values of the commons in every community. Where our capacity to manage our resources together is deeply respected. Where polycentric control is a given. Where local laws, customs and cultures are honored. Where self-interest and common good are aligned. Where we are truly alive."<br />
(http://www.shareable.net/blog/how-platform-coops-can-beat-death-stars-like-uber-to-create-a-real-sharing-economy)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
<br />
'''1. Nathan Schneider and Trebor Scholz:'''<br />
<br />
"Over the past few months, we have been preparing a showcase of actually-existing projects that have collective ownership at their core. We will hear, for instance, from the people behind Stocksy, an artist-owned stock-photography website, and Resonate, a cooperative music streaming platform. Backfeed, Swarm, and Consensys will show us the potential of the technology that made Bitcoin possible. We’ll learn about several new platforms that put labor markets under the control of workers themselves."<br />
(http://www.thenextsystem.org/the-internet-needs-a-new-economy/)<br />
<br />
<br />
'''2. Neal Gorenflo:'''<br />
<br />
"Examples of platform coops abound. A wave is forming, but most examples are brave experiments at best. Shareable’s “Owning is the New Sharing,” lists many examples. There’s Loconomics, the cooperative version of task marketplace TaskRabbit. One of the most successful experiments is Enspiral Network, a New Zealand-based coworking community plus digital collective that allows hundreds of freelancers and social enterprises to work together for mutual benefit. Lazooz is the blockchain version of Uber where drivers mine digital currency by giving rides, while Swarm is the blockchain version of Kickstarter.<br />
<br />
These examples represent three common developmental patterns for platform coops. First, there are legally-defined cooperative versions of sharing economy platforms like Loconomics. Second are hybrids like Enspiral Network, which aren’t legally cooperatives but operate on similar principles leveraging digital technology. Then there’s the most scalable option: blockchain-based platform coops like Lazooz. They leverage the same technology Bitcoin uses —a distributed digital ledger—to coordinate, govern, and compensate platform work on a democratic basis. <br />
<br />
All of these paths are worth pursuing. As we do this, we must take care not to duplicate the organizational monoculture of Silicon Valley. However, it’s important to acknowledge that this movement will not produce viable competitors quickly. It took Silicon Valley decades to perfect the assembly line manufacture of startups. It shouldn’t take this movement that long, since Silicon Valley has paved much of the way. The movement can artfully adapt Silicon Valley startup methodology, business models, design, and its innovation ecosystem to launch a wave of platform coops."<br />
(http://www.shareable.net/blog/how-platform-coops-can-beat-death-stars-like-uber-to-create-a-real-sharing-economy)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Directory==<br />
<br />
<br />
Via J.Nathan Mathias' [https://civic.mit.edu/blog/natematias/what-is-platform-cooperativism-and-why-is-it-important review of Trebor Scholz inaugural lecture] at the [[Platform Cooperativism]] conference:<br />
<br />
===[[Cooperative Online Labor Brokerages and Marketplaces]]===<br />
<br />
* In Germany, Fairmondo started as a global marketplace owned by its users -- like a co-operative ebay. <br />
<br />
* In SF, Loconomics is a freelance co-operative where freelancers have shares and have a voice in running the company.<br />
<br />
<br />
===[[Produser-Owned Platform Cooperatives]]===<br />
<br />
These sites, <br />
<br />
* like Resonate (music), <br />
* Members Media (film), and <br />
* Stocksy (stock photography), <br />
<br />
allow producers to co-own the platforms to which they are selling their work. The objective of these co-operatives are to create careers for their producers, who co-own systems.<br />
<br />
===[[City-Owned Sharing and Exchange Platforms]]===<br />
<br />
<br />
Trebor notes that even in the US, cities own hotels, hospitals, and many public services. He describes work by Janelle Orsi to imagine publicly-owned platforms: muni-bnb would be a city-owned airbnb system that invests profits into city projects. all-bnb would be modeled after the Alaska Permanent Fund and would pay residents for the profits made by sharing hosting. Another idea is the "sharing city" Seoul, who offer a city-operated taxi hailing system.<br />
<br />
<br />
===[[Union-Backed Cooperative Platforms]]===<br />
<br />
* The California App-Based Drivers Association unionizes drivers who participate in sharing economy platforms. <br />
<br />
* In New Jersey, the Union Taxi Cooperative also operates its own platform.<br />
<br />
=Tools for Commons-Based Platform Cooperatives=<br />
<br />
'''= « We need to pioneer technical, organizational and financial forms that enable users to mutualize the benefits of their own online sharing ».'''<br />
<br />
David Bollier:<br />
<br />
"Our imaginations and aspirations must begin to shift their focus from open platforms to digital commons. Self-organized commoners must be able to control the terms of their interactions and governance, and to reap the fruits of their own collaboration and sharing.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Towards the [[CopyFair License]]===<br />
<br />
A variety of legal and technological innovations are now starting to address the structural limits of (market-financed) open platforms as vehicles for commoning. These initiatives remain somewhat emergent, yet they are filled with great promise. They aspire to empower digital commoners in resisting market capture and enclosure of their collectively created content, community norms and identity. Corporate platforms privilege the social monoculture of producer/consumer relationships and only those social behaviors that comport with the host-company’s business model (or more generally, with market relationships). By contrast, self-organized commons enable richer, more diverse and meaningful types of freedom and culture.<br />
<br />
The basic problem, however, is that digital commons tend to have trouble growing and sustaining themselves. They do not have adequate organizational and governance structures nor adequate financial support. However, a new generation of innovations may help address these problems.<br />
<br />
One possibility now being explored, for example, is “commons-based reciprocity licenses,” sometimes known as CopyFair. These proposed licenses based on copyright ownership would allow no-cost sharing among members of a commons, but require payment by any commercial users of the community’s work. The idea is now being developed by Michel Bauwens of the P2P Foundation and open-agriculture hardware developers, among others. Unlike the Creative Commons NonCommercial license, which absolutely stops commercial development of a line of information or creative work, the CopyFair license would allow commercialization, but on the basis of mandatory (monetized) reciprocity.<br />
<br />
<br />
===The potential of the [[Blockchain]]===<br />
<br />
Another instrument for converting open platforms into digital commons is the blockchain ledger, the software innovation that lies at the heart of Bitcoin. Although Bitcoin itself has been designed to serve familiar capitalist functions (tax avoidance, private accumulation through speculation), the blockchain ledger is significant because it can enable highly reliable, versatile forms of collective action on open networks. It does this by validating the authenticity of a digital object (for now, a bitcoin) without the need for a third-party guarantor such as a bank or government body.<br />
<br />
This solves a particularly difficult collective-action problem in an open network context: How do you know that a given digital object — a bitcoin, a legal document, digital certificate, dataset, a vote or digital identity asserted by an individual — is the “real thing” and not a forgery? By using a searchable online “ledger” that keeps track of all transactions (i.e., bitcoins), blockchain technology solves this problem by acting as a kind of permanent record maintained by a vast distributed peer network. This makes it far more secure than data kept at a centralized location because the authenticity of a bitcoin registered among so many nodes in the network is virtually impossible to corrupt.<br />
<br />
Because of these capabilities, a recently released report suggests that blockchain technology could provide a critical infrastructure for building what are called “distributed collaborative organizations” (DCO, and sometimes “distributed autonomous organizations”).<br />
<br />
These are essentially self-organized online commons. A DCO could use blockchain technology to give its members specified rights within the organization, which could be managed and guaranteed by the blockchain. These rights, in turn, could be linked to the conventional legal system to make the rights legally cognizable and enforceable.<br />
<br />
One rudimentary example of how the blockchain might be used to facilitate a commons: In the US, former Federal Communications Commission Chairman Reed Hundt has proposed using blockchain technology to create distributed networks of solar power on residential houses coordinated as commons. The ledger would keep track of how much energy a given homeowner generates and shares with others, and consumes. In effect the system would enable the efficient organization of decentralized solar grids and a “green currency” that could serve as a medium of exchange within solar microgrids or networks, helping to propel adoption of solar panels. The blockchain amounts to a network-based architecture for enabling commons-based governance.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===[[Smart Transactions]]===<br />
<br />
This field of experimentation may yield another breakthrough tool for forging digital commons: smart contracts. These are dynamic software modules operating in an architecture of shared protocols (much like TCP/IP or http) that could enable new types of group governance, decision-making and rules-enforcement on open network platforms.<br />
<br />
We are already familiar with rudimentary — and corporate-oriented versions — of this idea, such as Digital Rights Management (DRM), an encryption/authentication system that gives companies the ability to constrain how users may use their legally purchased technologies (DVDs, CDs, etc.). As the power of networked collaboration has become clear, however, many tech innovators now recognize that the real challenge is not how to lock up and privatize digital artifacts, but how to assure that they can be reliably shared on open platforms in legally enforceable ways, for the benefit of a defined group of contributors or for everyone.<br />
<br />
« A realm of software innovation is trying to blend familiar co-operative structures with open network platforms to enable collective deliberation and governance through online systems »<br />
<br />
There are now many active efforts underway to devise technical systems for deploying “smart” legal agents whose transactions would also be enforceable under conventional law. The “transactions” could, of course, be used to invent new types of markets, but they also could be used to create new types of commons. Ultimately, the two realms may bleed into each other and create social hybrids that conjoin community commitments and market activity.<br />
<br />
A related realm of software innovation is trying to blend familiar co-operative structures with open network platforms to enable collective deliberation and governance — “commoning” — through online systems. Some of the more notable experiments include Loomio, DemocracyOS and LiquidFeedback. Each of these seeks to enable members of online networks to carry on direct, sustained and somewhat complicated discussions, and then to clarify group sentiment and reach decisions that participants see as binding, legitimate and meaningful.<br />
<br />
<br />
===Networks of peer producers===<br />
<br />
In a natural extension of such capacities, “open value networks” (OVN) are attempts to enable bounded networks of participants to carry out crowdfunding, crowdsourcing of knowledge, co-budgeting among its identifiable members. “Open value networks” such as Enspiral and Sensorica have been described as an “operating system for a new kind of organization” and a “pilot project for the new economy.” OVNs consist of digital platforms that facilitate new modes of decentralized and self-organized social governance, production and livelihoods among members of distinct communities. The networks are organized in ways that let anyone to contribute to the project, and be rewarded based on their contributions, as measured by actual contributions, experience and other collectively determined criteria.<br />
<br />
Unlike “conventional commons” that tend to eschew market-based activity, open value networks have no reservations about engaging with markets; OVNs simply wish to maintain their organizational and cultural integrity as commons-based peer producers. This means open, horizontal and large-scale cooperation and coordination; responsible stewardship of the shared wealth and assets while allowing individual access, use, authorship and ownership of resources “where appropriate”; careful accounting of individual “inputs and outcomes” via a common ledger system; and the distribution of fair rewards based on individual contributions to the project. Some notable keywords for describing OVNs: equipotentiality, anti-credentialism, self-selection, communal validation and holoptism.<br />
<br />
As mentioned earlier, these initiatives to create new technical, organizational and financing for platform cooperativism are still emerging and debated in meetings as the one taking place soon in New York City. They will require further experimentation and development to make them fully functional and scalable. Yet they promise to provide attractive, potentially breakthrough alternatives to business-driven platforms that stipulate the terms of participation and do not facilitate the mutualized benefit among commoners. By providing more trustworthy systems for genuine commoning and user sovereignty and control, these new forms could soon enable digital commons — and hybrid forms of user-driven markets — to surpass the value-creating capacities of conventional open platforms."<br />
(http://openthoughts-peerproduction.blogs.uoc.edu/the-shift-from-open-platforms-to-digital-commons/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Nathan Schneider responds to Imperica:<br />
<br />
* '''You have been influential in developing the term and concept of platform co-operatives. Why did you feel like it was the right moment to do this?'''<br />
<br />
NS: "My colleague Trebor Scholz first coined the term in December 2014. That same month, I published a report with Shareable about entrepreneurs around the world who were already trying to build platforms based on shared ownership and governance. There was already something in the air. By that point, many people who had been excited about the prospects of the so-called "sharing economy" were starting to realize that there wasn't much actual sharing going on, and that in many cases workers were expected to work without the basic protections—stability, benefits, a living wage—that their predecessors had won through centuries of struggle. The striking Uber drivers; the protests against Google buses in San Francisco; the Snowden revelations — these are all signs, I think, that we need a new social contract for the online economy. And rather than just saying "no," to the emerging platform society, we need something to say "yes" to."<br />
(https://www.imperica.com/en/in-conversation-with/co-operatives-aren-t-co-operatives-unless-they-co-operate-with-each-other)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Interview=<br />
<br />
==Nathan Schneider on Platform Cooperativism and its Prospects==<br />
<br />
From an interview with Imperica:<br />
<br />
* '''Internet marketplaces often tend towards monopolies. Is the future of platform co-operatives in opening up new sectors for operation, or in displacing established players from existing sectors?'''<br />
<br />
NS: I'm starting to think that we need a new generation of law and custom for dealing with these rising online monopolies. The old trust-busting logic doesn't really make sense; Facebook and Google, for instance, are so useful to us because they're so ubiquitous. Rather than breaking them up, or regulating them so intensely that they can't innovate, perhaps the most responsible option is to create pathways toward more democratic ownership. Governments, and companies themselves, might help to finance fair buyouts that grant users the ownership stake they need to ensure, for instance, that their personal data is being used responsibly. In some cases, it may be possible for co-operative startups to displace incumbents. But where that is not possible, we should consider strategies for transition.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
* '''Companies like Uber and Airbnb are in the news a lot, often because of disputes. What do you think the near future is like for these the dominant platforms?'''<br />
<br />
NS: I don't like to make predictions; the past and present are hard enough to understand already. But it does appear that cities around the world are testing out different strategies for retaining some meaningful control over the impacts of these companies on their economies. I hope this can be an opportunity for innovation, not just reaction. And, I think that co-operative business models should be part of this innovation. Some communities are already experimenting with co-operative taxi networks as an alternative to Uber - including in Colorado, where I live - and local alternatives to Airbnb. One way or another, it would be very troubling to see global logistics handed over monopolies owned and controlled by unaccountable founders and investors. These alternatives are incredibly important.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''* Historically, co-operatives have done well in areas such as retail and capital-intensive small-scale business. What do you think are the promising sectors for a take-over by platform co-operatives?'''<br />
<br />
NS: Compared to the industries of a generation or a century ago, online platforms need less startup capital. The trouble is, they're often riskier. Sharing platforms that depend on connecting people, rather than operating factories or maintaining large workforces, seem like they could be well-suited to shared ownership among the people they connect. I'm particularly interested in identifying ways in which co-operative models can be more competitive than the investor-owned incumbents. Labour platforms like Uber and social platforms like Facebook, for instance, depend on maintaining centralized, one-size-fits-all tools, and they often rely on pretty creepy forms of surveillance for revenue.<br />
<br />
Co-operatives might be able to find better revenue models through the trust their members have in them; regional co-ops could also work together by sharing open-source software—introducing global efficiencies while keeping profits local. Co-operatives have long specialized in meeting challenges that capital markets don't serve, and I'm eager to see how this can transform the landscape of the Internet, rather than merely replacing the existing one.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
* '''In response to the concept of platform co-operatives, some say it will be impossible to develop platforms that are comparable to the current commercial ones, without having extensive profit-oriented investment. What do you think are the constraints specific to co-operatives organisations when building platforms?'''<br />
<br />
NS: First, again, I think we should be aspiring to platforms that are better than the existing ones, not merely comparable replacements. To do this, we'll need better forms of financing. Co-ops represent an opportunity for a "crowdfunding 2.0," based not just on donations and advance sales, but on genuine shared ownership.<br />
<br />
Historically, when co-ops have acheived some success in a region, they set up their own co-operative financial institutions with the know-how and business models to serve them. Already, a few promising experiments in platform co-op financing are underway.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''* What do you think the role of the state or local government should be in supporting platform co-operatives?'''<br />
<br />
NS: Governments already make extractive business far easier than it should be, and they should recognize the need to make co-operative business at least as easy. It's in their interest because co-ops, unlike investor-owned corporations, keep jobs and profits (and thus tax revenues) local. Firstly, officials can work with co-op developers to design laws that make the process of incorporating co-ops easy and flexible. Secondly, they can ensure that co-ops are part of their overall economic development strategy and have fair access to contracts for public infrustructure. Thirdly, they can create incentives, or even requirements, for platforms providing public services in their area to practice appropriately democratic ownership and governance.<br />
<br />
We've already seen some encouraging interest from public officials who are looking for a better option than simply trying (and failing) to say "no" to Airbnb and Uber. Platform co-operativism is something to say "yes" to.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''* You are co-founder of Internet of Ownership, a project that aims to map the ecosystem of platform co-ops. How widespread would you say the phenomena is in the US? Are there any interesting examples that you would like to highlight?'''<br />
<br />
NS: Already, many of the most promising examples are outside my country. Stocksy United, a stock-photo website owned by photographers, is based in Canada. Fairmondo, an online marketplace owned by its vendors, started in Germany and is now spreading to the UK. Great things are also happening in the US, especially thanks to the work of the Sustainable Economies Law Center in Oakland and the Tech Co-op Network.<br />
<br />
I suspect that the US might lag behind a bit, since our tech scene is so awash in venture capital. And this wouldn't be a bad thing; I hope that platform co-operativism can usher in a more truly global tech economy.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''* What differences are there between the US and Europe in the opportunities and challenges for platform co-operatives?'''<br />
<br />
NS: Probably more of my thinking about the prospects of this model came from inspiration I found in Europe than what I've come across in the United States. In the U.S. there's a wide gulf between entrepreneurs and activists for economic justice; they don't speak the same language, and that makes for a rigid divide between the builders and the resisters. In Europe, I've found it much easier to meet people who have both a rigorous analysis of economic injustice and the know-how for creating practical alternatives. That's a fearsome combination. And if we can work together across borders, I bet the American propensity for throwing out old rulebooks will come in handy as well.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
* '''Is the future of platform co-operatives in the post-industrial developed countries, or in building offerings in developing countries?'''<br />
<br />
NS: Both, I hope. A big question for me is to figure out how to expand this work into hardware co-operativism, call-center co-operativism, and more. We need to account for how global our technology is already. Rather than disguising that globalism, as the dominant tech industry does so well, an imperative for platform co-operativism is to build solidarity. Co-operatives aren't co-operatives unless they cooperate with each other."<br />
(https://www.imperica.com/en/in-conversation-with/co-operatives-aren-t-co-operatives-unless-they-co-operate-with-each-other)<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Multi-Stakeholder Cooperatives]] as the key structure for Platform Cooperatives==<br />
<br />
Maurie J. Cohen:<br />
<br />
"In moving toward platform cooperativism, the availability of open-source software like Sharetribe, which enables social entrepreneurs to easily create new sharing networks is likely to be an important new development.<br />
<br />
While this idea is unquestionably laudable, there is opportunity to push it a little further. Why limit cooperation only to producers while implicitly treating consumers as little more than a mass of aggregate demand? Why elevate workers over their customers when the distinction is artificial and rarely static? A more creative and ambitious application of platform cooperativism would embrace consumers as co-equals and seek to formulate novel business models that span production and consumption. The uniting of these two domains would dissolve predispositions that treat buyers and sellers as rivals rather than allies, prioritize return on investment rather than solidarity, and emphasize value appropriation rather than community improvement.<br />
<br />
In the non-digital world, so-called multi-stakeholder cooperatives that combine producers and consumers are starting to emerge, especially in conjunction with local food movements. A prominent example is Eroski, a subsidiary of the venerable Mondragon Corporation, which operates more than 1,000 supermarkets in Spain. The Weaver Street Market is a worker- and consumer-owned cooperative based in North Carolina that runs three stores specializing in organic produce and fair trade products, as well as a restaurant. Applying this hybrid approach to a revivified sharing economy would involve the payment of an annual subscription fee by consumer-owners who would then be entitled to a predetermined number of, say, taxi trips or overnight stays provided by their producer-owner colleagues. Since few people are exclusively producers or consumers, affiliation with a multi-stakeholder cooperative would facilitate seamless shifts between roles. On some days, a particular member would find herself working as a producer and on others she would be consuming goods or services provided by the mutual association.<br />
<br />
A sharing economy that apportioned control to both producers and consumers instead of platform investors could also help to move us toward a more socially equitable and ecologically sustainable future. Let me first make an obvious point. Consumerist lifestyles in affluent countries are driven more by a quest for social distinction than by a desire to satisfy biophysical needs. (This does not discount the existence of perverse inequalities due to political circumstances.) An emergent body of research suggests that involvement in more solidaristic modes of production suppresses status competition by orienting people toward less individualistic aspirations. If correct, participation in a producer-consumer cooperative could be a useful way to reduce outsized consumption that is impelled largely by cultural imperatives.<br />
<br />
Moreover, the antagonism between producers and consumers that is inherent in predominant systems of exchange frequently results in consumption in excess of genuine needs -- often through the use of tempting volume discounts and the manufacture of goods that become prematurely obsolete. By stressing their continuously shifting -- and oftentimes reciprocal -- relationships, producer-consumer cooperatives could bring the intentions of production and consumption into closer alignment.<br />
<br />
It also merits noting that to be successful, producer-consumer cooperatives would need to resist powerful impulses to expand their scale by pushing down the retail cost of the goods and services on offer. While lower prices are attractive from the standpoint of consumption, they undermine the livelihoods of producers. In the business-as-usual economy, workers at the lower rungs of the economic ladder are more vulnerable to continual pressure to cut prices. There is also the problem of perverse rebound effects as lower expenditures in one product category almost always increase demand for other items (unless one also proportionately works less, deposits the difference in a non-lending financial institution, or sets fire to the surplus cash). A cooperative ownership model where producers and consumers are equally empowered and, ideally, difficult to differentiate because they are regularly swapping responsibilities, should help to discourage these untoward outcomes.<br />
<br />
As we consider options to overhaul the sharing economy so that it enhances rather than weakens social cohesion, it is important not to set producers against consumers as, after all, the distinction is predicated on pretense. Normal routines require continuous rotation of roles and we should not fall back on outmoded commitments that privilege the sphere of production as the only reliable driver of social change."<br />
(http://www.shareable.net/blog/how-platform-cooperativism-can-accelerate-sustainable-consumption)<br />
<br />
==What might a driver-owned Uber look like?==<br />
<br />
<br />
Excerpted from Nic Wistreich:<br />
<br />
“There’s at least three options…<br />
<br />
1. '''Like Uber/Lyft/etc, but a giant Coop.'''<br />
<br />
A logical starting point would be simply to recreate Uber/Lyft/etc, with their global network of offices, drivers, marketing and technical infrastructure, as a driver-owned coop, operating either non-profit or with its profits distributed amongst drivers. It would need to be a large, well financed (Uber has raised $7bn over 12 rounds https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/uber), dynamic organisation with a legal and customer service team in every country it operated in.<br />
<br />
A single-coop competitor is appealing at first because it would be easier to manage, brand and offer users quality assurance. It would however require a commonly agreed-upon set of regulations and pricing, which every taxi would have to follow, so would have considerable power to set pricing and behaviour amongst its members. This inevitably would run against national and regional differences between taxi services. Internal voting and localised rules could mitigate some of this, but given there are no successful giant democratic coops working on an Uber scale of 160,000+ drivers to hold as an example, there’s a reasonable risk it would become as unaccountable and top-down as any large business. It would still create a monopoly with the potential to be restrictive for users and drivers in demanding a one-size-fits all set of rules. Given how much money it would require to get started it would also have a number of investors doubtless wishing to influence direction.<br />
<br />
This isn’t to say such a structure couldn’t work, but by centring so much potential power, it seems to miss many of the advantages of networked systems, including greater competition and opportunities for innovation.<br />
<br />
<br />
* 2. '''A federation of existing taxi companies all funding and using the same software'''<br />
<br />
Another approach would be to build on existing taxi companies who already have relationships with drivers?—?and often leasing agreements and insurance schemes around their fleet of cars. This would both distribute more control out beyond the central coop, responsible for creating software, and work to build upon an existing networks, brands and services, rather than trying to throw them all out of business.<br />
<br />
The coop in this instance would produce ‘white label’ software to manage drivers and payments for each of the companies, and also a single app which the user downloads. At this point either all the companies in each city and region would need to agree on and use the same prices, or the app would need to indicate that different cars were from different companies and had different prices. By letting each taxi company set their own prices this would create greater potential for competition and variation?—?car company X with the older cars is 20% cheaper than taxi firm Y which only has recent Sedans, while company Z has 100% electric fleet of Tesla cars.<br />
<br />
As well as offering more choice and competition, it also removes from the main coop the burden of verifying and approving new driver’s identifies or providing customer service. It is more closer to an infrastructure, software-as-service company, serving it’s members, who are all established companies. On a simple level, this already exists?—?a company like Mowares offers an Uber clone from $400 http://venturebeat.com/2014/09/11/yes-a-build-your-own-uber-for-x-kit-costs-only-400/. What a coop?—?owned by all the local taxi companies paying for installs?—?could further do, is ensure that each install could communicate with each other and produce a single app for users to download that connected them to all of their local taxi companies.<br />
<br />
However this fails to liberate drivers from the middle-man, the taxi company, an extra cost which Uber has removed. Part of Uber’s success is replacing the expense of taxi offices, switchboards and phone receptions with software, and thus reducing the cost of journeys. So this coop model may always end up more expensive than Uber or Lift as it needs to pay both driver, the coop producing the software/service and the taxi companies representing the driver. While some companies, such as executive car services, with account management, may offer sufficient value to justify the added cost, it’s hard to imagine the cost-conscious end of the market acting in the same way. It also doesn’t help the driver who, for whatever reason, doesn’t want to join the local taxi-company, which may be an issue in areas where there is only one taxi service?—?nor does it help the end user discriminate between a taxi company with a great reputation and one with far worse service.<br />
<br />
However, a service which lets drivers register directly has a greater administrative burden, and legal liability, around verifying drivers and their licensed vehicles. To do this job well it ends up becoming much closer to the first option above.<br />
<br />
All that I’ve read and my thinking for most of the summer seems to move between these two models?—?either a large centralised coop that verifies individuals who join up but that risks being undemocratic, or a more decentralised, federated system that only works with companies who in turn take responsibility for driver management and verification.”<br />
(https://medium.com/@netribution/db6ce8ba3fdb)<br />
<br />
==The Las Indias / Nathan Schneider controversy==<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens:<br />
<br />
Las Indias, a collective of cooperators in Spain, has written a critique of platform coops as a weak response to current challenges. We republished the text [https://blog.p2pfoundation.net/platform-cooperativism-a-truncated-cooperativism-for-millennials/2017/01/31 in our blog] and you can find the original post in Las Indias’ website [https://english.lasindias.com/platform-cooperativism-a-truncated-cooperativism-for-millennials here].<br />
<br />
At the P2P Foundation, we rejoice and support the platform cooperativist movement, as a movement that commonifies the proprietary platforms that are exploiting commoners in their exchanges, though we call more explicitly for open cooperatives, that more actively and consciously produce shareable resources. But Nathan Schneider makes the argument that many platform coops have dynamics that already incorporate a commons and community direction.<br />
<br />
The summary of Nathan’s counter-arguments are the following:<br />
<br />
"The line between consumer and productive cooperation need not be so stark, either in the modern offline co-op movement or (especially) on online platforms that blur the lines between producer and consumer.<br />
While it’s true that consumer co-ops often involve low member engagement, this is certainly not always the case (e.g. Park Slope Food Co-op) and it is not always bad.<br />
<br />
Most platform co-ops are using multistakeholder models, not pure consumer models. I explained this with the example of Stocksy, again, and described the community that takes place on the platform.<br />
I agree with the point about seeking more decentralized models. But I hardly think that GNU Social demonstrates that the world can immediately embrace them. (I also pointed out, perhaps unkindly, the slowness of the Las Indias website.) But in order to develop more decentralized models, we need to develop stepwise economies, and I believe platform co-ops are a step in the right direction."<br />
<br />
Here is what Nathan Schneider, who co-organized the Platform Cooperative conferences, wrote in response on the blog itself, before it was deleted:<br />
<br />
“First of all, I think your effort to drive a stark line between consumer and worker cooperation is a fool’s errand. It’s true that in the late 19th century and early 20th, much of the British and American cooperative movements became dogmatic about consumer cooperation or nothing—figures like George Holyoake (in the UK) and JP Warbasse (in the US). But at the same time in the US, for instance, producer cooperatives became an enormous part of the sector as well, and the current cooperative movement involves considerable cooperation among both consumer and producer cooperatives, such as through the NCBA in the US and the financial institutions that support them. When I was at the ICA global summit last year, I met people from a huge variety of cooperative organizations—worker, credit, consumer, producer, the works. So I think you’re quite out of date in claiming that the lines are so stark. And while it’s true that many consumer co-ops have low rates of participation, that’s no reason to dismiss them; I for one am glad I don’t have to spend a lot of time going to my credit union’s meetings. On the other hand, examples like the Park Slope Food Co-op in New York demonstrate that high-participation consumer cooperative is very possible in certain cases.<br />
<br />
All the more so in the platform co-op community. As Trebor and I have repeatedly argued, and as empirical evidence supports, platform co-ops tend to recognize the ways in which online networks tend to blur the lines between worker, producer, and consumer. Many of the new generation of platform co-ops are multi-stakeholder; Stocksy United, which I mentioned earlier, has member classes for producers (photographers), workers (employees), and founders. So, no—you are incorrect in claiming that we are merely talking about consumer cooperation. I would argue that in large part platform cooperativism is about shifting the consumer-as-product model of the corporate online economy to one of peer-producer-as-owner.<br />
<br />
How does this produce community? All sorts of ways. Stocksy United has a member back-end for members to discuss issues with each other and get to know each other. They produce beautiful annual reports for each other. I’m a member of MayFirst, a server collective, and love the fact that I can get to know other members and our administrators at virtual and physical meetings. Through platform cooperativism, I’ve gotten to know countless people all over the world; just got off a call with a cooperator in Greece. We’re all building an ecosystem together and learning to be accountable to each other. That’s how.<br />
<br />
While I do think cooperative bureaucracies can indeed be pernicious, I don’t think that’s a reason to dismiss these models, because they can certainly be mitigated. And they are far less demanding and self-serving than corporate executive compensation regimes. While I would love to see distributed architectures take flight, it seems to me that we’re not fully there yet; this has been quite apparent to me, for instance, in trying to have this conversation across Las Indias’ incredibly slow, centrally hosted WordPress instance. GNU Social is indeed a model with potential—I’m currently working on a model for decentralized cloud services myself—but we would be kidding ourselves to think that these tools have the capacity or economy right now to replace other models, unfortunately. There is more work to be done, more creative compromises and experiments necessary—the very kinds of experiments that your rhetoric seeks to squash.”<br />
(no longer available via https://blog.p2pfoundation.net/nathan-schneider-defense-platform-cooperativism-responding-las-indias-critique/2017/02/01)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* a lot of related project material has been collated by Dante Monson, see [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
<br />
* conference: http://platformcoop.net/<br />
<br />
* book: [[Platform Cooperativism Book]]<br />
<br />
<br />
Further reading:<br />
<br />
#Trebor Scholz, “Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy” (December 5, 2014)<br />
#Nathan Schneider, “Owning Is the New Sharing,” Shareable (December 21, 2014)<br />
#Janelle Orsi, Frank Pasquale, Nathan Schneider, Pia Mancini, Trebor Scholz, “5 Ways to Take Back Tech,” The Nation (May 27, 2015)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Replacing Uber with [[Cooperative Ridesharing and Taxi Platforms]]==<br />
<br />
Compiled by Nathan Schneider [http://open.therowboat.com/commons/doku.php/enterprise]:<br />
<br />
<br />
* Ackerman, Seth. “How to Socialize Uber.” Jacobin. April 7, 2015. [https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/04/uber-exploitation-worker-cooperative-socialize/]<br />
<br />
* Alexandria Union Cab Cooperative [http://alexunioncab.com/]<br />
<br />
* [[California App-Based Drivers Association]] [http://www.cadateamsters.org/]<br />
<br />
* Cassano, Jay. “Taxis Unite: Denver Taxi Drivers Are Forming Their Own Cooperatives.” FastCoExist. February 4, 2015. [http://www.fastcoexist.com/3041808/taxis-unite-denver-taxi-drivers-are-forming-their-own-cooperatives]<br />
<br />
* DePillis, Lydia. “Can taxi unions build an app to take on Uber?.” The Washington Post. January 19, 2015.<br />
<br />
* Flywheel, an app for traditional taxi companies [http://www.flywheel.com/]<br />
<br />
* Hansen, Mary. “What If Uber Were a Unionized, Worker-Owned Co-Op? These Denver Cabbies Are Making It Happen.” YES! Magazine. April 10, 2015. [http://www.yesmagazine.org/new-economy/uber-unionized-worker-owned-co-op-denver-cabbies]<br />
<br />
* Harris, Kyle. “Cabby-owned Taxi Cooperatives on the Rise.” Shareable. January 5, 2015. [http://www.shareable.net/blog/cabby-owned-taxi-cooperatives-on-the-rise]<br />
<br />
* [[La'Zooz]]<br />
<br />
* “Montgomery County Council Approves Bills to Improve Taxi Service, Compete With Companies Like Uber.” NBC Washington. July 21, 2015. [http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Montgomery-County-Council-Approves-Bills-to-Improve-Taxi-Service-Compete-With-Companies-Like-Uber-317946951.html]<br />
<br />
* RideWith: Teig, Amir. “Google's Waze to launch worldwide carpooling pilot in Israel.” Haaretz. July 6, 2015. [http://www.haaretz.com/business/1.664577]<br />
<br />
* Shu, Catherine. “Korea’s Daum Kakao Prepares To Launch Kakao Taxi As Uber Faces Legal Woes.” TechCrunch. January 13, 2015. [http://techcrunch.com/2015/01/13/kakao-taxi/]<br />
<br />
* Transunion Car Service - app-based in Newark, NJ [http://www.ridetcs.com/]: <br />
<br />
** Delli Santi, Angela. “From Organizing to Mobilizing: United Transportation Alliance Launches App-Based Taxi Service.” AFL-CIO Now. March 25, 2015.<br />
<br />
** Nix, Naomi. “Union-backed taxi service starts in Newark, amid regulatory debate about Uber.” NJ.com. March 20, 2015.<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Infrastructure]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Post-Corporate]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Platform Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Mutual Coordination]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Sociocybernetics&diff=107631Sociocybernetics2017-06-07T00:08:57Z<p>Dante: Created page with " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocybernetics It says: All living systems go through six levels of interrelations (social contracts) of its subsystems: *A. Aggression: su..."</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociocybernetics<br />
<br />
It says: All living systems go through six levels of interrelations (social contracts) of its subsystems:<br />
<br />
*A. Aggression: survive or die<br />
*B. Bureaucracy: follow the norms and rules<br />
*C. Competition: my gain is your loss<br />
*D. Decision: disclosing individual feelings, intentions<br />
*E. Empathy: cooperation in one unified interest<br />
*F. Free will: The ability for any species, regardless of type, race, sex, creed, belief, genetics, make, model, or sentience to govern their own existence and not be controlled. "To be free to choose how to live life without discrimination or interference." <br />
<br />
Going through these six phases of relationship theoretically gives the framework for the sociocybernetic study of any evolutionary system.</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=103909Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2017-01-30T10:12:40Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>An Archive of various projects developed in a potentially common spirit<br />
<br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
<br />
A similarly intentioned list compiled by Joseph S.<br />
https://hackpad.com/ep/group/sa3k0dJt85D<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
And this article which gives an interesting overview of potentials<br />
<br />
http://www.ubiquitouscommons.org/ubiquitous-commons-architecture-and-domain-updates/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
Also see this more recent 2016 article by Connor, bringing forward Hylo, Metamaps and Loomio : <br />
<br />
https://medium.com/@connoropolous/beyond-facebook-a-web-of-action-c176c540acc5<br />
<br />
and this 2015 article by Edward West : <br />
https://medium.com/enspiral-tales/doing-more-together-together-seeding-a-collaborative-technology-alliance-82243ea30d41<br />
<br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/Hylozoic<br />
* https://github.com/loomio<br />
* https://github.com/metamaps<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain <br />
http://pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
<br />
Living coop<br />
<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=102469Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2016-12-24T20:07:23Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>An Archive of various projects developed in a potentially common spirit<br />
<br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
<br />
A similarly intentioned list compiled by Joseph S.<br />
https://hackpad.com/ep/group/sa3k0dJt85D<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
Also see this more recent 2016 article by Connor, bringing forward Hylo, Metamaps and Loomio : <br />
<br />
https://medium.com/@connoropolous/beyond-facebook-a-web-of-action-c176c540acc5<br />
<br />
and this 2015 article by Edward West : <br />
https://medium.com/enspiral-tales/doing-more-together-together-seeding-a-collaborative-technology-alliance-82243ea30d41<br />
<br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/Hylozoic<br />
* https://github.com/loomio<br />
* https://github.com/metamaps<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain <br />
http://pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
<br />
Living coop<br />
<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=102140Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2016-12-13T18:45:15Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>An Archive of various projects developed in a potentially common spirit<br />
<br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
Also see this more recent 2016 article by Connor, bringing forward Hylo, Metamaps and Loomio : <br />
<br />
https://medium.com/@connoropolous/beyond-facebook-a-web-of-action-c176c540acc5<br />
<br />
and this 2015 article by Edward West : <br />
https://medium.com/enspiral-tales/doing-more-together-together-seeding-a-collaborative-technology-alliance-82243ea30d41<br />
<br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/Hylozoic<br />
* https://github.com/loomio<br />
* https://github.com/metamaps<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain <br />
http://pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
<br />
Living coop<br />
<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Self_Actualization&diff=101595Self Actualization2016-10-30T01:33:06Z<p>Dante: Frankl - Search for Meaning</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
==Maslow==<br />
<br />
"Maslow's message is that to achieve peak<br />
experience people must move from self to other. Social<br />
justice, generativity, and transformative thinking and acting<br />
are all concepts that could be associated with this<br />
orientation. The fundamental idea is that people must<br />
move to a focus and concern for other people to achieve the<br />
highest level of human nature. People who move beyond<br />
self-actualization "are, without a single exception, involved<br />
in a cause outside of their skin: in something outside of<br />
themselves, some calling or vocation" (Maslow, 197 1 :42).<br />
This view is supported by, among others, Erik Erikson<br />
(1987) and Carl Rogers (1961). "<br />
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamotivation)<br />
<br />
==Related==<br />
<br />
===Frankl===<br />
<br />
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Frankl<br />
<br />
Frankl became one of the key figures in [[existential therapy]] and a prominent source of inspiration for [[humanistic psychology|humanistic psychologists]].<ref name="Redsand2006">{{cite book|author=Anna Redsand|title=Viktor Frankl: A Life Worth Living|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3AXDwL6HwRAC|date=18 December 2006|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0-618-72343-0}}</ref><br />
<br />
Quote from [https://books.google.de/books?id=EbltAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=Again+and+again+I+therefore+admonish+my+students+in+Europe+and+America:+Don%27t+aim+at+success&source=bl&ots=xRuxytL6Zr&sig=XPhNGwONrIiMi-g_eNZzVb8qRaQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwja8ozDsIHQAhVmJ8AKHf4xD_QQ6AEILTAD#v=onepage&q=Again%20and%20again%20I%20therefore%20admonish%20my%20students%20in%20Europe%20and%20America%3A%20Don%27t%20aim%20at%20success&f=false Man's Search for Meaning] :<br />
<br />
"Again and again I therefore admonish my students in Europe and America: Don't aim at success - the more you aim at it and make it a target, the more you are going to miss it. For success, like happiness, cannot be pursued; it must ensue, and it only does so as the unintended side effect of one's personal dedication to a cause greater than oneself or as the by-product of one's surrender to a person other than oneself. Happiness must happen, and the same holds for success: you have to let it happen by not caring about it. I want you to listen to what your conscience commands you to do and go on to carry it out to the best of your knowledge. Then you will live to see that in the long-run - in the long-run, I say! - success will follow you precisely because you had forgotten to think about it."<br />
<br />
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man%27s_Search_for_Meaning<br />
<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* https://digital.library.txstate.edu/bitstream/handle/10877/4089/fulltext.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Relational]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=P2P_Energy_Economy&diff=101019P2P Energy Economy2016-09-01T09:39:03Z<p>Dante: /* External Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Notice'''<br />
<br />
''The right to share, distribute, remix and modify this work is hereby granted (by this author and P2P Foundation) under Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-Sharealike 3.0] license. Modifying this original copy on this wiki page takes away other people's ability to modify/remix the original copy. Please allow others to access this original work by making your modifications/remixes on a different wiki page.'' <br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
==Title==<br />
<br />
P2P Energy Economy<br />
<br />
== Release Notes ==<br />
<br />
3.00.01<br />
<br />
This work is being continued on another wiki.<br />
<br />
The 3.00.01 release on this wiki has two known issues:<br />
<br />
1. Resiliency not efficiency needs to be rewarded.<br />
<br />
2. Missing key mechanism: regulating the number of energy producers using quality of service as a threshold and relying on natural human tendency to err to keep the number of energy producers limited while allowing abundance in energy flow and the production of goods and services. <br />
<br />
Both of these issues will be addressed in the latest version and the URL will be announced on [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com. Evolving Trends]<br />
<br />
[[User:MarcFawzi|MarcFawzi]] 17:26, 9 November 2009 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==Author==<br />
<br />
Marc Fawzi, [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/ Evolving Trends]<br />
<br />
=User Manual=<br />
<br />
==Introduction==<br />
<br />
The P2P Energy Economy fuses the latest advances in SmartGrid technology, P2P trading and lending, and P2P energy production (from renewables) into an abundance-sustaining economy, including a new kind of currency designed to work with a small but growing category of goods and services that can be produced on abundant basis.<br />
<br />
The benefits of the P2P Energy Economy are summarized below:<br />
<br />
:1. Provide an energy based currency that has a fixed work value and a use value that only increases over time.<br />
<br />
:2. Enable 'Fair Exchange' (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
:3. Direct the flow of money into higher production efficiencies for energy, goods and services.<br />
<br />
:4. Direct the flow of money towards socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services.<br />
<br />
:5. Enable a model of the economy where in order for peers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others through no-interest lending, i.e. “the more you share, the more you have.”<br />
<br />
:6. Enable increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers. <br />
<br />
The following sections articulate the above-mentioned benefits in broader context.<br />
<br />
==The Two Biggest Dogmas==<br />
<br />
The two biggest dogmas in current P2P theories that seek to disrupt the status quo are:<br />
<br />
:1. The generalized exchange of goods and services (aka "non-reciprocal exchange" or "gift economy",) where the giving and getting of goods and services happens at no cost to the recipient and without direct reciprocity between the provider and the recipient, is a good way to run an economy.<br />
<br />
:2. Self-sufficiency leads to true autonomy.<br />
<br />
These two dogmas are countered in the following two sections, which address fair compensation and increased autonomy.<br />
<br />
To summarize, for the first dogma, the following counter argument is given:<br />
<br />
:Getting and giving goods and services for free (as in a gift economy or a generalized exchange) does not lead to a sustainable abundance in those goods and services. The reasons for that are:<br />
<br />
::1. If a given good or service can be obtained for free then some people may want a very large or endless supply of it without compensating the producers for the cost in work energy it takes to produce those goods and services. For example, if Internet bandwidth was free to all and people had an insatiable appetite for digital content then, at some point, there will be more demand for it than can be produced and delivered without further investments, and if those using the bandwidth do not compensate the producers for it in an equitable manner (i.e. by allowing the producers to recoup the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver extra bandwidth to meet increased demand) then the system will not be able to meet that demand. In other words, either the demand for the given good or service happens to be small or it has to be limited, which does not equate to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
::2. If there are more people who are inclined to take more than they give then they will have an unfair allocation of the available resources than people who are inclined to give more than they take, which causes the latter population to suffer and ultimately shrink leading to a dominant majority of people who are inclined to take more than give, which is an unsustainable situation and does not lead to sustainable abundance.<br />
<br />
And for the second dogma, the following argument is given:<br />
<br />
:When it comes to the idea that self-sufficiency leads to autonomy, we can point to the fact that no amount of self-sufficiency can compete with the autonomy achieved by being part of a great inter-dependent whole. <br />
<br />
:For instance, in the case of North Korea, a fully self-sufficient country that can make nukes from scratch, the fact is that despite having many educated and capable scientists and engineers, a hard working population, and many natural resources (including agricultural resources) they don't have the autonomy (or power) to achieve the standards of living (including nutrition) that would be theirs if they were an part of a greater inter-dependent whole.<br />
<br />
:So if bloggers and youtubers did not produce their own content and did not re-distribute and remix content from other bloggers and youtubers, the Internet (or Web) as a medium would not have had the autonomy that it has today and the same goes for the bloggers and youtubers, as they would be dependent on the few producers that existed before the Web was born, e.g. TV stations, newspapers, etc.<br />
<br />
:Having said that, inter-dependence can easily turn into dependence when most producers become consumers and redistributors of a few original producers. <br />
<br />
:This can happen due to two reasons: <br />
<br />
::1. The majority of people consume far more than they produce.<br />
<br />
::2. Certain producers have access to a scarce resource (e.g. insider news in case of bloggers like TechCrunch and access to huge amounts of video content in case of youtubers like CBS and other major TV channels) or a higher place in some established hierarchy (e.g. Washington Post vs. Joe Blogger) use this unfair advantage to buy out the most successful of the small producers (Joe Blogger and Joe Youtuber) in order to reinforce others' dependency on themselves. <br />
<br />
:One answer that addresses both problems is to assure maximum interdependence in the design of the system, without creating fixed centers of dependency.<br />
<br />
:The first way "maximum inter-dependence" is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by having producers trade in goods and services based on the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, so that in order for someone to consume, redistribute or remix another producer's goods or services they need to pay for those goods or services in joule tokens at the same amount in work energy it took to produce and deliver those goods or services, which means that they have to produce their own goods and services (or produce surplus energy) that they can trade with other producers at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, e.g. by using joule tokens, which leads to increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
<br />
:The second way the "maximum inter-dependence" condition is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by eliminating monopolies.<br />
<br />
:When it comes to monopolies, they are eliminated in the P2P Energy Economy by the following conditions:<br />
<br />
::1. All industries must meet the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
<br />
:::a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
<br />
:::b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
:::c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
<br />
:::d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
:::e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
<br />
:::f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
::::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
<br />
::::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
<br />
::::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
<br />
::::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
<br />
:::g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
<br />
:::h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
<br />
:::i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
<br />
:::j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
:::(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
<br />
::2. Consumers are automatically and anonymously matched to producers based on the required attributes for the given good or service, the producer's lender credits (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) and the affinity between the consumer's and the producer's social, ecological and environmental values, so producers do not own access to the consumer.<br />
<br />
::3. Producers are required to share their revenue through lending in order to rank higher as sellers, which assures that in order for a given producer to empower themselves they have to empower everyone.<br />
<br />
It's important to note that the way "increased autonomy through increased interdependence" works without creating fixed centers of dependency by constantly breaking and rebuilding the interdependency network. For more on how this is done, please see Increased Autonomy Through Increased Interdependence.<br />
<br />
==Fair Exchange (User Manual Section)==<br />
<br />
In today's economy, everything is priced subjectively, i.e. based on subjective value, that's driven in great part by artificial or circumstantial scarcity, using relatively valued currency, where the value of the currency itself is driven in great part by its artificial scarcity. So to start pricing things in terms of the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them will require the development of energy costing models for manufactured goods and services but once the energy costing models are developed the process of estimation (through software) can then become a realistic objective.<br />
<br />
Technically speaking, in the P2P Energy Economy, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them.<br />
<br />
Producers who achieve higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service realize a profit margin due to their reduced cost in work energy.<br />
<br />
In addition, producers who use their creativity and invest in R&D to produce an improved version of a given good or service take a risk in doing so and are either rewarded with higher sales, which together with the profit margin from higher efficiency, can lead to substantially higher net profit for the producer, but, if the new version fails to create higher demand, they can end up with a loss.<br />
<br />
This means that both efficiency and creativity are encouraged in the P2P Energy Economy (driven in both cases by a positive profit motive that contributes to sustainability and progress) with creativity being a risk/reward game.<br />
<br />
In addition to profit achieve through higher efficiency and creative risk taking, all producers (who are human) require a margin of reward regardless of their efficiency of creativity. This is because human beings need to rest and enjoy the fruit of their labor and are not able to convert energy into work product all the time, i.e. some of that energy must be used for enjoyment as well as just idling around.<br />
<br />
So a fixed reward margin needs to be added above the median cost in work energy it takes a human producer to produce and deliver a given good or service.<br />
<br />
In order to trade in goods and services, including work as a service, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service plus a fixed reward margin, we have to move away from the existing environment that creates the dynamics for scarcity. In other words, the conditions for sustainable abundance, given below, must be satisfied.<br />
<br />
:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable) <br />
<br />
:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources) <br />
<br />
:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.) <br />
<br />
:f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy. <br />
<br />
::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material) <br />
<br />
::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool. <br />
<br />
::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system. <br />
<br />
:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service) <br />
<br />
:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.) <br />
<br />
:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.) <br />
<br />
:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.) <br />
<br />
:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.) <br />
<br />
For example, if health care (as an industry) was to meet the above conditions for sustainable abundance, a visit to the dentist should not cost more than what it takes in median work energy to produce and deliver it plus a fixed reward margin, which would be a very low price compared to today's prices. But in order for health care to meet the sustainable abundance conditions one of the first things that has to happen is automation (or increased efficiency) not just of IT but of medical procedures. For examples, today, robots are used by surgeons to perform sensitive surgeries to remove tumors with a much greater degree of accuracy than procedures performed by hand. It is very possible to replace the surgeon altogether with robotic surgeon technology that can visualize the tumor in 3D to the finest detail and use a combination of focused radiation beam (or gamma ray laser) to annihilate the tumor in place. It would take a few minutes and a relatively small amount of electricity. The second step in the process of making this type of surgery (as a service) sustainably abundant, the robot technology has to be open sourced and copied at no charge by anyone wishing to manufacture the robot, under a license where the originator only gets to enforce social and moral rights, e.g. attribution, share-alike, etc. Having said that, there will still need to be a human in charge of operating the surgical robot, but that human does not have to be a highly skilled surgeon since the surgical robot will minimize the challenge to a supervisory task requiring only moderate intelligence (or common sense) and some training, which would enable the abundance in surgery capabilities by significantly reducing the degree of specialization required. <br />
<br />
So in a world where everyone who wishes to get a given good or service can do so at the median cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin (for the producer), which in many cases represents a very low price compared to today's prices, why not just give everything and get everything for free using "non-reciprocal exchange" (or gifting)?<br />
<br />
Getting and giving goods and services for free (as in a gift economy or a generalized exchange) does not lead to a sustainable abundance in those goods and services. The reasons for that are:<br />
<br />
:1. If a given good or service can be obtained for free then some people may want a very large or endless supply of it without compensating the producers for the cost in work energy it takes to produce those goods and services. For example, if Internet bandwidth was free to all and people had an insatiable appetite for digital content then, at some point, there will be more demand for it than can be produced and delivered without further investments, and if those using the bandwidth do not compensate the producers for it in an equitable manner (i.e. by allowing the producers to recoup the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver extra bandwidth to meet increased demand) then the system will not be able to meet that demand. In other words, either the demand for the given good or service happens to be small or it has to be limited, which does not equate to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
:2. If there are more people who are inclined to take more than they give then they will have an unfair allocation of the available resources than people who are inclined to give more than they take, which causes the latter population to suffer and ultimately shrink leading to a dominant majority of people who are inclined to take more than give, which is an unsustainable situation and does not lead to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
For example, when it comes to digital content, if too many people hog the bandwidth, downloading terabytes of mp3s and software etc at a fixed $40 a month cost (the ISP monthly fee) then the network will meltdown, and it doesn't matter if it's a wireless mesh or the current internet.<br />
<br />
In order to perpetuate the production of a given resource, e.g. mp3 downloads, the continuous cost of work energy that has to go into producing and delivering that resource (see: Thermoeconomics) needs to be recouped.<br />
<br />
The challenge is figuring out the energy costing models for the types of goods and services that satisfy the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance.<br />
<br />
We can know how much it takes in energy (calories) per day to keep a 25 year old human being functioning, and we can estimate the other costs of living in terms of the work energy required to maintain living conditions. We can also know the energy use of various processes used in producing and delivering a given good or service. Assuming the given good or service meets the above-mentioned conditions for sustainable abundance, i.e. no dependence on scarcity economics, we can measure the energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, and, using historical sales data submitted by all producers of that good or service, we can adjust that eventually to be based on an average volume of production for that good or service (instead of raw estimate) and then calculate the price as the median cost in energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, per each instance of that good or service, and add a fixed reward margin.<br />
<br />
Such calculation involves building realistic energy costing models (for the various goods and services that are generated by industries that meet the sustainable abundance conditions,) and when it's automated it via cost estimation software (as part of the P2P trading application) it offers us the opportunity to understand the real cost of production to ourselves and the environment.<br />
<br />
Since the volume of production affects the cost of energy for producing and delivering a given good or service, the energy costing models used by the estimation software (that is part of the P2P trading application) should assume an average volume of production based on historical sales data from all the producers of the given good or service, as reported by their inventory management system<br />
<br />
When it comes to rewarding those who work more efficiently and/or more creatively, the model fully supports that through two different, concurrent paths:<br />
<br />
:1. Investing work energy in increasing the efficiency of their production processes get to have a profit margin (because their good or service costs less than the median cost in work energy to produce and deliver, so they get to keep the difference.) <br />
<br />
:2. Investing work energy in improving an existing good or service get to sell more of that good or service if they select the right feature selections (but also get to lose if they select the wrong feature selections, so this second path involves educated risk taking.) <br />
<br />
If a given peer spends 500MJ making something that they would like to give to the world then they should be able get that 500MJ back somehow (or they will eventually starve) and the most efficient way is through direct exchange. If they're paid back 600MJ or 350MJ then they will have an idea if they're producing the thing efficiently or inefficiently. In this way, the use of joule tokens promotes (or direct money into) more and more efficiency, not more and more scarcity (as with the existing currency.)<br />
<br />
For goods and services that are new (e.g. new inventions, new product categories, etc) the existing scarcity-enforcing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) will be used until those goods and services become more common (not to be confused with sustainably abundant) at which point the energy cost estimation software will be updated with energy cost models for those goods and services and the producers of those goods and services will be asked to use the software to submit their energy cost estimates using an average volume of production for the given good or service, which is calculated from the historical sales data reported by the inventory management systems of all the producers for that good or service. The price for that good or service is set to the median cost of energy for producing and delivering that good or service calculated from the energy cost estimates submitted by all producers for that good or service. <br />
<br />
It's important to note that all transactions in the P2P Energy Economy are done through a P2P trading application which automatically fetches the price of goods and services from the Energy Cost Registry. So the concept of "price" in current economics is replaced by the concept of "median cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver a given product" which decreases over time due to technological progress.<br />
<br />
It's an important consideration for producers to make sure that the total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able in full based on the historical sales data the producer has for the given good or service, as provided by their inventory system, so that they don't suffer losses due to over production, especially since losses, under this model, cannot be recouped from the market(e.g. by dumping excess at lower-than-cost and killing off competition then raising prices to recoup the loss.) <br />
<br />
In other words, producing a quantity above predicted short-term demand, as indicated by the producer's predictive inventory system, is a risk the producer must take alone without punishing the consumer or other producers, and they must do so by making sure that their total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able based on the historical sales data for the given product or service, as reported by their personal inventory management system, which is built into the P2P trading application used for trading.)<br />
<br />
Having said that, if a producer was to overlook the historical sales data based on having put more work energy into producing and delivering a new version of a given good or service, i.e. making feature selections, then they should be able to reap the reward if they sell more of the given good or service than they have in the past, or assume the loss if it doesn't.<br />
<br />
Since the definition of goods and services under this model requires them to be producible and deliverable on efficient, on-demand basis (i.e. just-in-time inventory must be the norm,) it is unlikely that producers will ever need to over produce. The only actual concern here is that producers must make sure that they can recoup whatever work energy they put into producing and delivering a given good or service. If they don't then they will carry a debt to themselves that they must pay back in work energy. <br />
<br />
So while selling more of a given good or service does not imply a profit (since all goods and services are sold at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them) selling more of a new, improved version of a given good or service than they've sold of the old version allows the producer to recoup their increased upfront work energy in developing the new version of the good or service. That is because the total cost in work energy of producing and delivering a good or service, which includes upfront costs of the extra work energy for developing a new version, is spread over the entire volume of sales (per a given time period, e.g. the period after which the producer must repay a loan or recoup and reinvest the spent capital.)<br />
<br />
The only way for producers to make a profit above the fixed reward margin is by investing in higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service, i.e. lower their cost in work energy below the median, and taking creative risk (by deciding on new features for their product or service, which may result in higher or lower sales.) This kind of 'progressive profit' does not cause scarcity because it comes from a higher efficiency not a higher price. This model simply eliminates the 'bad' type of profit that's due to a higher priced, based on supply being circumstantially or artificially lower than demand, which enforces the conditions for scarcity.<br />
<br />
To expand on the preceding point, we identify three kinds of profits:<br />
<br />
:a. This kind of profit is made when we have a relatively high efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service where the production volume meets the demand at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce the given good or service. This involves producers investing in more efficient production, which is good for the environment and good for society (as it quickens the pace of technological progress, along the efficiency axis, which is required for sustaining abundance) The logic of the P2P Energy Economy treats this type of relative margin difference in "at cost" trading as good profit.<br />
<br />
:b. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than the supply (without artificially limiting the supply) and producers can add a given margin above cost (depends on how much larger demand is than supply) to artificially limit demand. The resulting price is called equilibrium price. This type of profit directs money into scarce goods rather than into solving the circumstances that cause their scarcity. In other words, this type of profit is scarcity-enforcing. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
<br />
:c. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than some artificially limited supply and the monopolist(s) can add an arbitrary margin above equilibrium price (which already artificially limits demands) to further limit demand, create scarcity, and reap obscene profits. This type of profit concentrates money into the hands of those producers who have the financial and ill will to exercise manipulative/controlling power in the market. In other words, this type of profit is not just scarcity-enforcing but also power concentrating. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
<br />
In addition to profit margin achieved through higher-than-median efficiency in the production and delivery of the given good or service, the producer's creativity in coming up with a new/additional/different feature selection for that good or service is naturally rewarded if it results in higher demand (which when combined with the aforementioned profit results in higher net profit) but if it does not lead to higher demand then the producer must assume the loss (due to the upfront cost in work energy of R&D.) <br />
<br />
The model only applies to goods and services generated by industries that meet the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance. The main thing the currency developed here achieves is providing a way to trade those goods and services at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them, which enables a fair exchange.<br />
<br />
==Increased Autonomy Through Increased Interdependence==<br />
<br />
In the current economy, reliance on one or few major players in each given market has created an unsustainable system. When the top 2 or 3 investment banks in each country failed the entire global financial industry collapsed, which has caused the global economy to falter (search: global economic meltdown 2008.)<br />
<br />
In the P2P Energy Economy, increased autonomy is achieved by putting power with the whole rather than with one or few major players. <br />
<br />
The current economic meltdown (search: global economic meltdown 2008) is a proof that we have reached or are reaching the limits of sustainability for the current economic paradigm, and that 'peer production' (the production of energy, goods and services by individuals as opposed to utilities and factories,) will make the system dependent on the people as a whole, instead of on one or few major players, which, as we can see, based on the current paradigm, makes the people dependent on the system and renders them helpless in times of instability, thus perpetuating and even deepening their dependence on the system. <br />
<br />
One of the key concepts behind the P2P Energy Economy is that it replaces an increased dependence by the users on the system (i.e. on the major players) with an increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers, which puts the power with the whole and allows both the users and the system to enjoy true autonomy (or power.)<br />
<br />
A great example of increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence is the Internet, where increased inter-dependence between content producers, which manifests in the continuous production, re-distribution and remixing of shared content by equally empowered producers (e.g. bloggers, youtubers) has led to increased autonomy for the medium as well as for the producers.<br />
<br />
When it comes to the idea that self-sufficiency leads to autonomy, we can point to the fact that no amount of self-sufficiency can compete with the autonomy achieved by being part of a great inter-dependent whole. <br />
<br />
For instance, in the case of North Korea, a fully self-sufficient country that can make nukes from scratch, the fact is that despite having many educated and capable scientists and engineers, a hard working population, and many natural resources (including agricultural resources) they don't have the autonomy (or power) to achieve the standards of living (including nutrition) that would be theirs if they were an part of a greater inter-dependent whole.<br />
<br />
So if bloggers and youtubers did not produce their own content and did not re-distribute and remix content from other bloggers and youtubers, the Internet (or Web) as a medium would not have had the autonomy that it has today and the same goes for the bloggers and youtubers, as they would be dependent on the few producers that existed before the Web was born, e.g. TV stations, newspapers, etc.<br />
<br />
Having said that, inter-dependence can easily turn into dependence when most producers become consumers and redistributors of a few original producers.<br />
<br />
This can happen due to two reasons:<br />
<br />
1. The majority of people consume far more than they produce.<br />
<br />
2. Certain producers have access to a scarce resource (e.g. insider news in case of bloggers like TechCrunch and access to huge amounts of video content in case of youtubers like CBS and other major <br />
TV channels) or a higher place in some established hierarchy (e.g. Washington Post vs. Joe Blogger) use this unfair advantage to buy out the most successful of the small producers (Joe Blogger and Joe Youtuber) in order to reinforce others' dependency on themselves.<br />
<br />
One answer that addresses both problems is to assure maximum interdependence in the design of the system, without creating fixed centers of dependency.<br />
<br />
The first way "maximum inter-dependence" is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by having producers trade in goods and services based on the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, so that in order for someone to consume, redistribute or remix another producer's goods or services they need to pay for those goods or services in joule tokens at the same amount in work energy it took to produce and deliver those goods or services, which means that they have to produce their own goods and services (or produce surplus energy) that they can trade with other producers at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, e.g. by using joule tokens, which leads to increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
<br />
The second way the "maximum inter-dependence" condition is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by eliminating monopolies.<br />
<br />
When it comes to monopolies, they are eliminated in the P2P Energy Economy by the following conditions:<br />
<br />
:1. All industries must meet the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
<br />
:::a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
<br />
::b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
::c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
<br />
::d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
::e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
<br />
::f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
:::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
<br />
:::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
<br />
:::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
<br />
:::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
<br />
::g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
<br />
::h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
<br />
::i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
<br />
::j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
::(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
<br />
:2. Consumers are automatically and anonymously matched to producers based on the required attributes for the given good or service, the producer's lender credits (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) and the affinity between the consumer's and the producer's social, ecological and environmental values.<br />
<br />
:3. Producers are required to share their revenue through lending in order to rank higher as sellers, which assures that in order for a given producer to empower themselves they have to empower everyone.<br />
<br />
It's important to note that the way "increased autonomy through increased interdependence" works without creating fixed centers (or nodes) of dependency is by constantly breaking and rebuilding the interdependency network. <br />
<br />
To explain this point in more detail, the first parameter in the automated, anonymous matching of buyers and sellers is the affinity between the buyer's social, environmental and ecological values and those of the seller and the good or service in question. The second parameter is the affinity between the buyer's specified attributes for the given good or service and those of the available goods or services from all vendors under the same category, which includes the quantity but does not include price since prices for all goods and services in the P2P Energy Economy are based on the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin. The third parameter, which is supplied by the system, is the seller's lender credits. The<br />
priority of each parameter is fixed by the sequence given here.<br />
<br />
Assuming that the buyer keeps his parameters the same (for a given period of time) the only operating variable, when it comes to the final selection, is the seller's lender credits, so the more a seller shares their revenue through zero-interest lending the higher they rank in the pre-final selection and the more revenue they generate,<br />
i.e. the more they share, the more they have.<br />
<br />
The buyer is given a final match based on picking a random seller from the top 30 sellers from the preceding selection, which is akin to buyers clicking on a link from the first three pages of a Google search result, but without the presence of brands or any marketing messages.<br />
<br />
Thus, the P2P Energy Economy enables true autonomy for the individual peer and for the whole economy by continuously breaking and rebuilding the inter-dependency network with each transaction while promoting an increase in the scale of this type of transient interdependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
<br />
==An Economy for Human Beings, Not Insects==<br />
<br />
Most insects are designed to be specialized. <br />
<br />
Most humans are designed to be generalists. <br />
<br />
But in today's economy, most humans are taught to behave exactly like insects. <br />
<br />
The economic and globalization theories in use today (which are based in part on Adam Smith's antiquated treatise) encourage specialization. <br />
<br />
They say let India be the IT provider and let the USA be the creative force. This pattern of specialization is fractal in that it is reflected in each part within such specialized economies, including the USA, where the majority of organizations are highly matrixed containers (or bee hives) of worker bees, with generalists almost absent from the hierarchy, even at the top.<br />
<br />
Generalists find no place in the bee hive unless they demonstrate the particular specialized skill that happens to be needed by the hive, which redefines them as specialists, so while they may continue to think of themselves as generalists, they are rewarded according to a specific set of goals, which continuously move them away from generalization (i.e. specialization in many disciplines) into a confined specialization (specialization in one discipline.) <br />
<br />
There is an ideological movement today that promotes the idea of one achieving autonomy by being self sufficient with no critical dependencies, i.e. a true generalist with expertise in all areas required for survival. Yet, as argued in the previous section true autonomy can only be achieved through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers (see: Increased Autonomy Through Increased Inter-Dependence.)<br />
<br />
Since every peer in the P2P Energy Economy is equally empowered as a producer of energy, goods and service, and since the system promotes maximum inter-dependence, everyone is guaranteed a level of security that is based on their work energy, efficiency and creativity, so no one should need to work _for_ someone else. <br />
<br />
This means that peers with energy surplus, goods or services needed for the production of other goods or services by others are encouraged by the design of the P2P Energy Economy to exchange their surplus energy, goods or services, on equitable basis, with peers who need them (so they may get the goods and services they need for themselves and those they need for producing their own goods and services.)<br />
<br />
Having said that, the P2P Energy Economy enables true autonomy for the individual peer and for the whole economy by continuously breaking and rebuilding the interdependency network with each transaction (see: Increased Autonomy Through Increased Interdependence) while promoting an increase in the scale of such transient interdependence.<br />
<br />
Unlike today's economy, the P2P Energy Economy does not 'pigeon hole' individuals into slots (e.g., doctor, dentist, engineer, scientist, teacher, farmer, poet, musician, etc.) from which they cannot achieve great transformations. It does the opposite by encouraging each peer to have the widest range of specialization, and the widest scale of interdependency, without creating fixed centers dependency, and in doing so it empowers each peer to transform themselves and their environment as only true generalists can.<br />
<br />
==Things Cost Less Over Time==<br />
<br />
Given continuous technological progress, work done today should take less energy to do in the future.<br />
<br />
While that's true for the current economy, the P2P Energy Economy channels the profit motive (or greed) into achieving higher and higher efficiencies in the use of energy (in producing and delivering products and services,) since that is the only way profit can be achieved in the P2P Energy Economy, so given the currency does not lose its work value in energy more and more can be purchased with less and less currency.<br />
<br />
==Good Things Come to Those Who Care==<br />
<br />
In today's economy socially, environmentally and ecologically conscious producers of goods and services are beginning to see increased sales, but only in very limited niches and local markets. <br />
<br />
In the P2P Energy Economy consumers identify, as part of each purchase of goods or services, the required attributes (for the given good or service) as well as their social, environmental and ecological values, which allows them to find producers (of the given good or service) who support their values. This means that money flows more in sync with society's values.<br />
<br />
==The More You Share, The More You Have==<br />
<br />
In the P2P Energy Economy, in order for producers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others. <br />
<br />
The way it works is by rewarding producers who lend money to others (with no interest) with bigger access to the market, such that in order to empower themselves they have to empower others.<br />
<br />
==Using the P2P Trading Application==<br />
<br />
===Security and Trust===<br />
<br />
All interactions in the P2P Energy Economy happen through a secure, open source, P2P trading application that includes simple functions, consisting of: a lender screen, a borrower screen, a producer screen with cost estimation (pricing) for goods and services and separate inventory management functions for energy and for goods and services, a consumer screen with a search function, and an economic data screen with visualization tools to show what's going on with the economy in real-time. <br />
<br />
In addition, the following differentiates the P2P Energy Economy from other online trading communities:<br />
<br />
1) All transactions are done using a virtual currency, which, unlike today's money, is only exchangeable within the P2P trading application <br />
<br />
2) The matching of lenders to borrowers and consumers to producers is done in a fair, buyer-criteria-matched and anonymous fashion, in such a way that the gaming of the system, while not impossible, costs more in energy than it generates. This contrasts with the fact that for online trading communities like eBay and Amazon the gain from gaming the system is much more than the cost of doing so. <br />
<br />
3) Given that access to the P2P Energy Economy is based on an electronic secure ID card that is matched to the person's actual identity (which remains anonymous except in case of committing fraud under the law governing the community, e.g. not delivering a good or service after receiving payment) the system is able to handle such fraud by, e.g. suing the offender in small claims court, and not leave the consumers exposed to predators and con artists, which may be statistically insignificant pain for eBay and Amazon but extremely giant pain for the consumer who gets ripped off.<br />
<br />
===Transparency and Visualization===<br />
<br />
If the current model of the economy proved anything it is that even people who have accumulated billions of dollars in wealth, e.g. Warren Buffet, have no idea which actions to take in which sequence to get the economy back on track, and that's because there isn't any way to view what's going on with the economy in one place. People can only make educated guesses about what happens in the economy, and only after it has happened. In other words, there is no way to tell for sure what's happening in the current economy (due to lack of complete transparency) so there is no way to fix it without costly trial and error.<br />
<br />
The P2P Energy Economy not only comes with a tools for selling, buying, lending and borrowing but it also a visualization module that allows each user to see what's all that is happening in the economy at any given moment. And unlike tools for visualizing the stock market, which is highly ineffective since the stock market is as predictable as the roll of a dice, the visualization tools for the P2P Energy Economy provide reliable predictive data for decision making, which can be used with high degree of confidence by the users to collectively control of the economy: <br />
<br />
:1) Predicted short-term demand for energy by nodes with deficit vs. total available supply of energy from nodes with surplus, per the given time period. <br />
<br />
:2) Predicted short-term demand for each given good or service vs. the total available supply of that good or service from all producers of that good or service, per the given time period.<br />
<br />
:3) Predicted short-term demand for capital by peers with deficit vs. the total available supply of capital from peers with surplus, per the given time period.<br />
<br />
===Working With The User Interface===<br />
<br />
[The User Manual sections to be filled out after the use cases have been specified including screen mockups of the P2P trading application.]<br />
<br />
=Model Development=<br />
<br />
All sections under Model Development are intended for those interested in the design and development of the P2P Energy Economy, not the end user.<br />
<br />
For those interested in the model's design and development, a full view of the model can only be obtained by reading both the User Manual sections as well as the Model Development sections. <br />
<br />
==Model's Goal==<br />
<br />
Money is one of the fundamental elements of today's society.<br />
<br />
Changing what money is and how it works will fundamentally change society itself.<br />
<br />
The model described herein is developed in the hope of stimulating people to think different about money, energy and the economy, and to apply the model in their own off-the-grid communities, or join us in our game/simulation project (see: Collaboration.)<br />
<br />
==Model's Context==<br />
<br />
This model may be viewed as a design pattern for the emerging P2P economy, and, more specifically, the emerging P2P energy economy.<br />
<br />
One of the key enablers of the 'P2P Economy,' as defined by this model, is the requirement that the individuals (or peers) within it are connected to each other via the Internet (or some Internet-like network) and that all transactions within the economy are conducted online through a standard P2P trading application, including mobile phone clients for conducting transactions on the go.<br />
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The P2P trading application only allows trading in goods and services that meet the conditions for sustainable abundance defined under this model, i.e.: goods and services (and their ingredients) that can be produced and delivered per the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
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:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
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:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
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:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
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:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
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:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
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:f. Open Production System: <br />
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::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
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::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
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::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
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::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
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:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
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:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
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:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
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:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
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:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
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The 'P2P Energy Economy,' as defined by this model, includes the requirement that enough peers must be able to generate their own energy as well as be able to sell their excess energy to other nodes in the economy (e.g. other peers, charging stations, electric bus/train grid, and neighboring communities) via a decentralized electric grid, aka "SmartGrid" (reference: P2P Energy Production.)<br />
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This model is designed for an "off-the-grid" community, not for an arbitrarily large society, where, in the latter, people may or may not be able to generate their own energy (e.g. people living in apartment buildings.)<br />
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It's expected that the community mandates certain criteria, e.g. solar, wind, renewable sources, with local storage, and a scalable decentralized electric grid. <br />
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Having said that, this model is designed and intended to co-exist with the current economy, while helping society transition to an abundance-sustaining economy and away from the current scarcity-enforcing economy.<br />
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==Model’s Axioms==<br />
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The following are the basic facts about this model:<br />
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1. The definition of energy under this model is limited to energy that is producible and deliverable on continuous, decentralized, renewable, scalable basis.<br />
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2. Enough peers exist who wish to produce energy for themselves and sell the surplus.<br />
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3. The supply of energy is matched to the demand for energy at the work-value of energy, in joules, i.e. anyone who needs energy can purchase it at its work value in joules in a fixed 1:1 exchange ratio with the currency. <br />
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4. Tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
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5. The definition of goods and services under this model is limited to those that are produced by industries that meet the conditions for sustainable abundance, which are, namely:<br />
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:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
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:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
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:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
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:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
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:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
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:f. Open Production System: <br />
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::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
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::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
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::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
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::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
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:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
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:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
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:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
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:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
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:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
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6. The price of a given good or service is the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin, where the said cost in work energy is based on the average volume of production calculated from predicted short-term demand reported by the inventory management systems of all producers of that good or service. <br />
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7. The use-value of energy (and the use-value of the currency which tokenizes the energy) increases over time due to increase in the efficiency of production processes (for energy, goods and services) which is brought by technological progress. <br />
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8. Most peers would be willing to make loans (using money as defined here) in return for credit points that rank them higher as sellers.<br />
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9. Most peers agree on what constitutes socially, environmentally and ecologically intelligent judgment, e.g. less toxins in food and water, more clean energy, less waste.<br />
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10. Enough peers exist who wish to create and share their creations via equitable trade (at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given creation) without a profit motive, i.e. for the love of the craft.<br />
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==Model’s Propositions==<br />
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The following are the main propositions of this model:<br />
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1. Provide an energy based currency that has a fixed work value and a use value that only increases over time.<br />
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2. Enable trading in goods and services, including work itself, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, such that anyone who wishes to get a given good or service can get it at the cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service. <br />
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3. Enable trading in goods and services, including work itself, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, such that anyone who wishes to get a given good or service can get it at the cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service.<br />
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4. Direct the flow of money into higher production efficiencies for energy, goods and services.<br />
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5. Direct the flow of money towards socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services.<br />
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6. Enable a model of the economy where in order for peers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others, i.e., “the more you share, the more you have.”<br />
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7. Enable increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
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==P2P Programmable Currency==<br />
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===Original Idea===<br />
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If we had a networked, programmable currency then I could tell my money to exchange itself only for goods/services that are made by vendors who care about the planet AND who have donated to my chosen candidate for President.<br />
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I can be as particular as I want and my money should do the figuring out of whom to pay itself to, based on rules I supply, and based on information it can access about the parties I’m trading with.<br />
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Another example for networked, programmable currency is to enforce rules on the spending of a daily/weekly/monthly amount of my own money that I let my kids use (luckily no kids yet) so they don’t buy food that contains unhealthy ingredients.<br />
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The new networked, programmable money should abandon the idea of paying interest on borrowed money. There is so much debt in the system that it will take decades to get rid of it and return the economy to normal functioning. The interest on debt is like bad cholesterol. While it fattens the economy, it ultimately clogs the global economic arteries and can lead to economic failure, as it has done (see: global economic meltdown 2008.)<br />
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If you lend money to someone you should be able to get your money back and get “Lender Credit” points that would replace today’s “hamster wheel” concept of credit rating, which was designed to encourage people to buy money with money, e.g. buying $1,000 for $1,110, which is punishing to borrower. <br />
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Instead of being rated on your timeliness in paying back money borrowed + interest, you should be rated on how much you’ve lent others. This way people can dictate that their money is to be exchanged for goods/services only from providers with N “good will” points or more.<br />
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Maybe a good place to try this P2P currency (or “Money 2.0″) would be in an online virtual world?<br />
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===Follow-up and Clarification===<br />
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I should add a clarification here that the rules imposed on the exchange of this new currency (as defined in this post) do not last beyond the singular transaction. In other words, if I restrict my money to spend itself on organic food only, the grocery store that sells me the organic food will no longer have those rules imposed on the money I paid to them. They can enforce their own rules on it, whatever they may be, and then use it to buy stuff with, and so on…<br />
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As to the 1-dimensional value system that is imposed by the current definition of money, i.e. the numerical (or “price”) value, I think it is only a matter of time before this value system goes from being 1-dimensional to N-dimensional. The reason the value system that is imposed by the current definition of money is limited to just the numerical dimension, i.e. price, is because it is assumed that people do their own research/homework when trading with others and make their decision to trade based on that. What I’m suggesting is for the new currency to have more than just a numerical value for a value system, i.e. other values that are programmed/re-programmed into it by every user of that money, thereby allowing the automation and streamlining of trading decisions.<br />
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The key argument here, besides the point about the need to abandon “interest,” is that the value system that is ‘explicit’ in the definition of money is 1-dimensional, i.e. the “price,” or numerical value, and there is no excuse for having this 1-dimensional value system when we have computers, the Internet and the ability to implement an _explicitly_ multidimensional value system as the basis for a new currency for the future P2P economy.<br />
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===Buyer-Seller Affinity Matrix===<br />
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The Affinity Matrix allows the explicit definition of a multidimensional value system, or set of criteria that represent the buyer’s social, ecological and economic values as applicable to the seller and the given good or service (or the "thing.")<br />
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The use of the Affinity Matrix by buyers of goods and services should direct the flow of money to socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services. This affinity matrix does this by adding value dimensions for the thing itself and the seller so that people move from being price-conscious to being socially, ecologically, and environmentally conscious.<br />
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The purpose of the affinity matrix is to direct money from the buyer (of a given product) to sellers with whom he/she has the largest affinity. As a buyer, you’d declare your social, ecological, environmental and economic values which get matched against the seller’s values, in all those dimensions, but you’d also need to declare the thing’s (good or service) values (or attributes,) e.g. if the thing is “cucumbers” then you may specify ‘Organic.’ <br />
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To do this, money that's allocated to the purchase of some product, e.g. 5 joule tokens to spend this month on cucumbers, has to carry some transient (transactional) information (or transaction metadata.) Making this transaction metadata explicit and multidimensional (i.e. seller’s values, thing’s values, transaction’s values) allows people to make intelligent decisions as to whom to buy from based on their affinity to the buyer in those value dimensions.<br />
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The Affinity Matrix requires that existence of standards for transparency (on the part of producers) that are followed by all producers. For example, all packaged foods sold in the US must carry a label indicating all ingredients. Organic producers have a certifying organization that certifies their farming processes, and so on. The more such standards exist and the more they're followed (e.g. by law) then more realistic this idea becomes.<br />
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The Affinity Matrix applies only to goods and services that are traded using the currency defined under this model, i.e virtual joule tokens.<br />
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The definition of goods and services under this model do not include money, i.e. do not include peer loans, because the specification of a price by the buyer (i.e. what they're willing to pay) would, in the case of money, be equivalent to buying money with money and that would be equal to ‘interest.’ Another reason that the affinity concept should not be applied to money is to avoid putting any constraint (selection criteria) on borrowers by lenders (or vice versa) and to guarantee that everyone can borrow up to the limit corresponding to their Borrower Credit rating (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) <br />
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The definition of goods and services under this model does not include electricity because electricity needs to flow from nodes with surplus to nodes with deficit without any other criteria, so that no node is constrained by lack of sufficient electrical power. <br />
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When it comes to 'circumstantially scarce' things as a category, the Affinity Matrix does not apply because the buyer criteria when it comes to scarce things involve competition with others for limited resources, which often trumps all or most of the buyer's social, ecological and environmental values (as they apply to the seller, thing, and transaction.)<br />
However, this excluded category keeps shrinking as we find ways to remove the circumstances for scarcity for an increasing number of things.<br />
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==Lender and Borrower Credits==<br />
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In addition to the circulation of money through its exchange for energy, goods and services, the circulation of money through Lending and Borrowing is needed to keep money flowing from peers with surplus to peers with deficit. <br />
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The problem with “interest” being the incentive for lending today is that it’s used to derive more money for the lender, which has nothing wrong with it, but it comes at the expense of the borrower, which is problematic at best.<br />
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In other words, “interest” rewards lenders and punishes borrowers. What we need is a replacement of interest as an incentive for lender. Something that would reward lender without punishing the borrower.<br />
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Lender Credits, as defined here, are credit points that are given to peers (with accounting maintained by P2P Bank) who lend money to other peers, based on how much they've lent to others. <br />
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These Lender Credits can be used when Lender becomes a producer or seller of goods and services. In this case, his/her credit points will be used to rank them as sellers, so when people search for a certain product (imagine a P2P community search engine) they will show up higher in the search results the more credit points they have. This means that instead of interest, i.e. time value of money, we move to a peer production value of money, or in other words, the value of what can be produced with N tokens of currency and M degrees of access to the P2P goods and services market. So lending, under this model, allows the lender to accumulate credit points that give him/her a larger access to the market. A key consideration for the lender is to balance how much he/she lends vs how much they invest in the production of new goods and services. Gaining the largest possible access to market, through accumulation of credit points, is of little use if lender does not invest in increased production of goods and services. This is no different than the balance needed today between investing in production vs marketing.<br />
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Borrower Credits, as defined here, are credit points that are given to peers (with accounting maintained by P2P Bank) based on their Lender Credits as adjusted downward in proportion to the amount of money they've borrowed that they've yet to pay and the number of active suspensions. Borrower Credits are used to determine how much money a borrower can borrow. When a borrower fails to pay back a loan (given in virtual joule tokens) their borrower credits become suspended until they have paid back the loan. The suspension last only until the borrower pays back the defaulting loan.<br />
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Lender and Borrower Credits, as a model, achieve a few important things:<br />
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:1. Allows lenders to be rewarded without using interest<br />
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:2. Motivates lenders to become producers of goods and services (i.e. to become more than just a lender, which is consistent with the vision of a P2P economy where everyone is both consumer and producer)<br />
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:3. Allows lenders to build borrower credit (for borrowing) by lending others <br />
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The model for Lending and Borrower Credits, as an incentive for lending, is based on the assumption that in the P2P economy everyone is a producer/seller and a consumer/buyer of goods and services, aka prosumer, and everyone trades using a P2P trading application that uses a search engine that works with Lending Credits the same way Google works with advertiser dollar-amount bids on keywords. The idea is to give lenders a number of credit points (based on how they've lent) that rank them higher as sellers (similar to advertiser ranking in Google search) which increases their revenue as sellers, which in turn provides an incentive for lending, and so on. The number of credit points a lenders gets is based on how much they’ve loaned.<br />
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Since lender credit points can only be obtained via the act of lending, this model should encourage people to keep lending in order to increase their borrower credit to borrow more in order to invest in producing more good and services, which gives them more money to lend, which in turn allows them to increase their lender credit rating, which increases their rank as sellers, which allows them to make more money, and so on. <br />
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If a given peer defaults on payments beyond the grace period for the loan, they will have their borrower credits suspended and they won't be able to borrow again until they have paid the defaulting loan. The obvious way out for peers is to conserve their own use of energy and sell the rest to make money which they can use to pay back the defaulted loan, invest in new energy generation capacity, make more goods and services to sell, and/or lend more to sell more. This model does not prevent someone with no common sense from getting in a hole but it does provide an easy way out, unlike the current model, and that's because people can make money from their energy generation, and given there is an upward trend for energy usage (as population and land mass grows), peers will always be able to make money from energy production. The subtle part about this is that money is energy under this model, so as long as people can generate energy they should never starve, no matter how badly they behave with respect to this model. In other words, this model is resilient with respect to bad behavior, and not intolerant.<br />
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Since borrowing is the most leveraged means for growing a peer's production of goods and services, which in turn generate more money for the peer that can be lent to others to increase the peer's borrowing capacity, and so on, and given that loans are interest free, it's not expected that peers would stop borrowing. <br />
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If a borrower is eligible for an amount to borrow, per their borrower credit, but no lenders (collectively) exist to lend the money, which is only likely to happen if the amount the borrower wants to borrow is larger than the amount available (collectively) from all available lenders. In that case, the borrower would have to lower the amount they want to borrow.<br />
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==P2P Energy Currency==<br />
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===The Origin of the Idea===<br />
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A very interesting idea suggested by Michel Bauwens of [http://p2pfoundation.net/ P2P Foundation] is to connect the P2P currency to P2P energy (reference: P2P Energy Production) in an implicit fashion. <br />
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However, without an explicit connection between energy and the currency it wouldn't be possible to trade in goods and services at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, which is key to assuring fair compensation and equitable exchange, which are key to sustainable abundance.<br />
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Therefore, the currency developed in this model has an explicit connection to energy.<br />
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===Introducing The Idea===<br />
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There is an existing movement towards a SmartGrid-powered economy (reference: P2P Energy Production) that allows individuals to produce electricity to power their homes and peer production of goods and services and then send the extra capacity to the grid for others to use, and get compensated for the energy they send into the grid.<br />
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The idea for P2P energy production will take some time to mature but there are already localized implementation of SmartGrid that allow businesses to play the role of a small electric utility.<br />
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Taking the Smart Grid further, we say that since solar, wind and bio-fuel energy is abundant then why not use this abundant resource (that anyone can produce) to create a type of currency where the tokens of the currency (i.e. the money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
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===P2P Bank===<br />
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P2P Bank is an open, automated, system for orchestrating energy and capital flows between peers.<br />
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P2P Bank is implemented as an open, virtually centralized, physically decentralized set of processes that is embedded into the architecture of the P2P trading application(see: Model's Context.) <br />
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====Currency Creation====<br />
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At the start of the economy (as a process,) P2P Bank makes a general request for energy inventory replenishment from _all_ peers, e.g. 1 trillion Joules (or whatever appropriate starting level for the given community/economy), and accepts a given quantity of energy from each peer, on first come first taken basis, based on a supplier scheduling algorithm that takes into account multiple factors such as: peer reliability (historical ability to fulfill replenishment request) and other factors (TBD) in diversity maximizing way to avoid creating unsustainable dependence on certain peers or certain categories of peers. Note that, as a result of this many-to-many mapping process, the producers and consumers are never known to each other, which adds to the security of the system without sacrificing transparency since all the demand/supply data related to energy is available to all.<br />
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Given that peers produce their own energy, the most likely reason they'd need more energy is to invest it in producing goods and services. <br />
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P2P Bank builds an initial short term-inventory of energy by paying the peers using newly created tokens that are equal in work-value to the amount of energy (in joules) to be stored in this short-term inventory. These "virtual joule tokens" (or joule tokens for short) have a fixed, work value (in joules) where the use-value of energy (what a given number of joules can produce in energy, goods and services per the given production technology) depends on the efficiency of the production technology. Since supply of energy never exceeds demand for energy (where the work-value of energy is its price in joule tokens) anyone who needs energy can get it at its work value in Joules.<br />
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P2P Bank sells the energy in this short term inventory to peers with energy deficit who pay using joule tokens, which is the currency (money) in this model. <br />
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After the initial inventory build-up, P2P Bank will make periodic requests for replenishment based on a predictive demand/supply matching algorithm (see: P2P Energy Management), which requires a start-up/warm-up period during which historical inventory data is captured to enable dynamic inventory replenishment, P2P Bank will accept a total quantity of energy that is matched to predicted short-term demand. The peers fulfill the replenishment request on first come first taken basis. The quantity accepted from each peer is based on a supplier scheduling algorithm that takes into account multiple factors such as: peer reliability (historical ability to fulfill replenishment requests) and other factors (TBD) in such a way as to avoid creating unsustainable dependence on certain individual peers or certain types of peers.<br />
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P2P Bank create new joule tokens whenever it needs to pay for inventory but does not have any existing tokens. In other words, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
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It's important to note that the tokens (currency) are not created from potential energy stored for use at some undetermined point in future but from the active short-term inventory that's closely matched to demand, i.e. immediately usable energy. So when the tokens are created they hold the work value of already spent energy rather than a potential value (of stored energy,) which is a subjective and based on the probability that the energy will get used. <br />
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It's also important to note that, under this model, there is not need to reduce the tokens (currency) in circulation because the material basis for the economy is not the potential energy available to the economy, which can be more abundant than all possible use in the short term, leading to overflow of currency in circulation beyond what's usable in the short term, but the land mass (mass = utilization density * volume) encompassed by the economy, which grows as the population grows, both of which in turn require more energy and hence the ever increasing need for currency.<br />
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A key aspect of this model is that, while each joule token created can be exchanged at any time in 1:1 ratio for electric energy (1 joule in work value of spent energy tokenized by the token for each 1 joule of electric energy), P2P Bank does not store the equivalent in joules of electric energy for the joule tokens it creates. That's because, under this model, energy is abundant on sustainable basis, i.e. anyone who wishes to purchase energy at its work value (i.e. in 1:1 ratio with the joule token currency) can do so. <br />
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The problem of minimizing demand/supply mismatches between peers in a P2P network, whether it's demand/supply for energy or lending capital, is that we end up with a nonconvex continuous optimization problem. Several numerical/heuristic approaches exist, including particle swarm optimization (incl. thermodynamic variant.) However, they are not designed for real-time optimization because the search space is usually huge and there are many local optima (suboptimal solutions) which cannot be known beforehand, which makes it unlikely to find the global optimum in real-time regardless of number of initial guesses and speed (assuming finite speed computation.) <br />
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To simplify the problem of minimizing supply/demand mismatches in a P2P network, P2P Bank (which is a virtually centralized, physically distributed process) is created in order to serialize all inputs and outputs so that all rain drops gather in one spot (P2P Bank inventory acts as a funnel) as opposed to rain drops gathering in many different spots depending on where each rain drop falls (i.e. all initial guesses for the optimization algorithm lead to the same globally optimal solution.) In other words, the problem is converted to a convex optimization problem.<br />
<br />
The other reason for having P2P Bank (besides providing virtually centralized inventory management for energy and lending capital) as a major component of this otherwise fully decentralized peer production model, besides the fact that it's needed for [open, verifiable] currency creation and [open, verifiable] lender and borrower credit accounting, is to make sure that every peer that needs energy or lending capital can get it at the work value of energy or the currency, respectively, which is a fixed value, specified for both using the same unit (the joule.)<br />
<br />
===='P2P Energy' Management====<br />
<br />
Abundance without sustainability leads to scarcity. <br />
<br />
Abundance in energy can only come from having many equally empowered peers producing electricity not from one or few major suppliers. <br />
<br />
Sustainable abundance in energy requires close matching of demand and supply at the work value of energy (not at the so-called "equilibrium price," which artificially limits demand to meet circumstantially limited supply, and not at a price above this so-called equilibrium price, where supply is artificially limited, and not at zero price, which is not sustainable, but at the actual work value of energy in joules which are exchangeable at 1:1 ratio with the "joule token" currency used here.) This implies that anyone who wishes to get any amount of energy can do so at the actual work value of that energy in joule tokens.<br />
<br />
Below is a simple predictive algorithm for matching demand and supply:<br />
<br />
:1. P2P Bank takes historical inventory utilization data (during the start-up period) and calculate a Gaussian distribution with a Mean and Covariance and provide an inventory level prediction at a set time in the future.<br />
<br />
:2. P2P Bank compares the inventory level prediction to a first P2P Bank-set low inventory threshold.<br />
<br />
:3. P2P Bank compares the inventory level prediction to a second P2P Bank-set high inventory threshold.<br />
<br />
:4. P2P Bank requests energy replenishment from peers if the predicted level is below the low inventory threshold, or cancel existing requests if the predicted level is above the high inventory threshold. P2P Bank manages the response to its replenishment request by accepting a given quantity of energy from each peer, on first come first taken basis, based on a supplier scheduling algorithm that takes into account multiple factors such as: peer reliability (historical ability to fulfill replenishment request) and other factors (TBD) in diversity maximizing way to avoid creating unsustainable dependence on certain peers or certain categories of peers. Note that, as a result of this many-to-many mapping process, the producers and consumers are never known to each other, which adds to the security of the system without sacrificing transparency since all the demand/supply data related to energy is available to all.<br />
<br />
:5. P2P Bank records time dependent data related to inventory consumption and replenishment.<br />
<br />
:6. P2P Bank calculates time dependent cumulative-forecast consumption, cumulative-forecast replenishment, cumulative actual consumption, and cumulative actual replenishment.<br />
<br />
:7. P2P Bank uses the new data to update the Gaussian distribution, Mean and Covariance, and calculate a new predicted inventory level for the next time period.<br />
<br />
It's important to note that the P2P Bank inventory is virtually centralized (as an algorithm) and physically decentralized.<br />
<br />
It's also important to note that peers have their own short-term storage as part of their P2P energy generation setup. This way they can store surplus energy (e.g. generated when the sun is out or when there is wind power) and use it when the source of energy (sun, wind) is no longer there. However, the locally stored energy only serves the peers' day-to-day energy needs and is not sufficient for powering the production of goods and services on mass basis, be them physical or virtual (think of the energy need for powering a bunch of always-on blade servers or CNC machines, etc) so, in order to scale up peer production of goods and services, peers would have to purchase energy from P2P Bank and/or invest in their energy generation infrastructure then offload surplus energy (in times of low peer industrial activity) to P2P Bank.<br />
<br />
===='P2P Lending' Management====<br />
<br />
As with the use of virtually centralized, predictive inventory management system for P2P Energy Management a similar virtually centralized predictive inventory system is needed for P2P lending management to match supply and demand for lending capital at the fixed work value of the currency (the joule tokens.)<br />
<br />
P2P Bank maintains a predictive inventory for 'lending capital' by which the supply of 'lending capital' is matched to demand using the same exact process by which the supply of surplus P2P energy is matched to demand. <br />
<br />
As with P2P Energy Management, the many-to-many mapping process means that lenders and borrowers are never known to each other, which adds to the security of the system without sacrificing transparency since all the demand/supply data related to lending capital is available to all.<br />
<br />
===Joule Tokens===<br />
<br />
Humans, computers, cars, factories, homes, roads and everything that performs 'work' or that is used to perform work have a continuous cost of energy (see: [http://p2pfoundation.net/Thermoeconomics Thermoeconomics].) <br />
<br />
Any work done by human beings, animals, insects and machines and any work done the planet itself requires energy. The planet gets its energy primarily from the sun and has built all its creative and transformative work processes to take advantage of the sun, wind, water, chemistry of the earth (and whatever might have fallen on it from outer space) and uses the earth's electromagnetic field, which is generated by the planet's rotation, to protect the life it creates from being destroyed.<br />
<br />
If the planet can create all known life from the sun, wind, water and its chemistry then we can use the same to create what we need, and that's what we have been doing, and we just need to start doing it on sustainable, abundant basis.<br />
<br />
But even if we were to get our energy from super-efficient fusion reator we will still need energy to maintain (in the short-term) and upgrade (in the long term) the reactor or else it will fall behind our demand for energy or simply fails. While the energy to maintain the reactor can come from the super-efficient reactor itself, we still need to move that energy from the reactor to the farmer who makes the food for the scientists who then perform the maintenance and upgrades for the reactor. In this simple scenario, we need to move the energy to the scientist who then needs to move some of it to the farmer who gives it back to the scientist in the form of food so that the scientist can have the energy to perform the maintenance and upgrades on the reactor. <br />
<br />
It’s the equitable and efficient flow of energy that has to be ensured between all nodes within the economy.<br />
<br />
In this model, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them.<br />
<br />
The idea behind using such tokens as the currency, where the absolute work value of each token is created from the increase in energy flows, is to enable the flow of the currency in one direction and the flow of goods and services in the opposite direction, in such a way that the energy used in producing and delivering those goods and services is recouped in an equitable and efficient manner, which cannot be done using the existing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) because the existing currency does not have an absolute work value and its use value is determined by many factors.<br />
<br />
The case for using renewable, clean energy, e.g. fusion, solar, wind, bio-fuel, as opposed to fission reactors or coal etc is two fold:<br />
<br />
:1. Renewable energy is abundant which means that it can be accessed and harnessed by everyone. Having said this, it’s important to note that sustainable abundance comes from a regulated whole not unregulated individuals (see: P2P Energy Management.) <br />
<br />
:2. Minimal cost to environment.<br />
<br />
When it comes to the choice of energy units, the Joule is an international unit that measures the work value of energy.<br />
<br />
One joule is the amount of energy required to perform the following actions:<br />
<br />
* The work done by a force of one newton traveling through a distance of one meter;<br />
* The work required to move an electric charge of one coulomb through an electrical <br />
potential difference of one volt; or one coulomb volt, with the symbol C·V;<br />
* The work done to produce power of one watt continuously for one second; or one watt <br />
second (compare kilowatt hour), with the symbol W·s. Thus a kilowatt hour is 3,600,000 <br />
joules or 3.6 megajoules;<br />
* The kinetic energy of a 2 kg mass moving at a velocity of 1 m/s. The energy is linear <br />
in the mass but quadratic in the velocity, being given by E = ½mv²;<br />
<br />
1 joule is approximately equal to:<br />
<br />
* 6.2415 ×1018 eV (electronvolts)<br />
* 0.2390 cal (calorie) (small calories, lower case c)<br />
* 2.3901 ×10−4 kilocalorie, Calories (food energy, upper case C)<br />
* 9.4782 ×10−4 BTU (British thermal unit)<br />
* 0.7376 ft·lbf (foot-pound force)<br />
* 23.7 ft·pdl (foot poundals)<br />
* 2.7778 ×10−7 kilowatt hour<br />
* 2.7778 ×10−4 watt hour<br />
* 9.8692 ×10−3 litre-atmosphere<br />
<br />
Example of units defined in terms of their joule equivalent:<br />
<br />
* 1 thermochemical calorie = 4.184 J<br />
* 1 International Table calorie = 4.1868 J<br />
* 1 watt hour = 3600 J<br />
* 1 kilowatt hour = 3.6 ×106 J (or 3.6 MJ)<br />
* 1 ton TNT exploding = 4.184 GJ<br />
<br />
What is tokenized (converted to tokens) by the currency defined under this model (in units of say 10,000 joules) is the increase (or delta) in the flow of electric energy from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
<br />
It's important to note that while goods and services are priced at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them (as opposed to the energy they carry,) the currency under this model is numerated at the work value in joules of the energy it carries and that's because currency is not exchanged at the cost it takes to make it but the value it represents, which, in this case, is the absolute work value in joules of the energy that it tokenizes. <br />
<br />
[needed: a diagram showing how tokens are created and how they gain their value]<br />
<br />
When it comes to 'circumstantially scarce' things, e.g. land, gold, real estate, etc, the virtual joule token, as a currency, does not apply because scarce things involve competition for limited resources, which means that scarce things are priced based on the fact that demand is much higher than supply, i.e. their value is driven, in a great part, by their scarcity, which makes them compatible with the existing currency, where the work value of the currency is relative and derived, in great part, from its scarcity, and incompatible with the currency defined under this model, where the work value of the currency is measurable, in a fixed way, in joules in virtual tokens that can be used to buy those goods and services that can be produced and delivered on continuous, decentralized, renewable, scalable basis at the median cost in work energy used to produce and deliver them.<br />
<br />
The good news is that our human ingenuity combined with the pressures of a growing population are pushing us to eliminate the circumstances of scarcity in many areas. A good first example is scarcity in content, including software, music, videos, news and information in general, which has been eliminated by the Internet, but such abundance still needs to be made sustainable, by enabling content creators to recoup their spent energy (the energy used in making and delivering their good or service) thus eliminating the 'starving artist' syndrome, where artists give so much energy because they want to create but do not receive much energy in return. A second example is scarcity in energy, which is being eliminated by the emergence of renewable energy as a primary source of energy, and where the sustainable abundance of energy can be enabled by this model.<br />
<br />
===Joule Token Value Dynamics===<br />
<br />
Let's say that each joule token is created for each 10,000 joules increase (or delta) in electric energy flow from nodes with electric energy surplus to nodes with electric energy deficit. <br />
<br />
Let's say the economy uses 10^24 joules a year.<br />
<br />
In 20 years this 1 joule token will still have 10,000 joules, which is the work value of the token. Let's say the economy has grown substantially, and despite energy use becoming, e.g. 10X, more efficient in those 20 years, the economy uses more energy, e.g. 10^26, i.e. 100X more. That does not mean that 1 joule token is now worth 100X less in energy, i.e. 500 joules. It will still worth be worth 10,000 joules in work value. It also does not mean that 1 joule token is worth 100X less relative to the price of goods and services (i.e. the token's use value) because the joule token continues to carry 10,000 joules (i.e. same value in energy) while the price of goods and services, which under the model is based on the cost of energy to produce and deliver the good or service, decreases at the same ratio as the increase in the efficiency of energy use, i.e. by 10X (due to progress in production technology for goods and services) so 1 joule token will be able to buy 10X more in goods and services in 20 years, not 100X less, i.e. its use value increases.<br />
<br />
===Fair Exchange (Model Development Section)===<br />
<br />
In today's economy, everything is priced subjectively, i.e. based on subjective value, that's driven in great part by artificial or circumstantial scarcity, using relatively valued currency, where the value of the currency itself is driven in great part by its artificial scarcity. So to start pricing things in terms of the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them will require the development of energy costing models for manufactured goods and services but once the energy costing models are developed the process of estimation (through software) can then become a realistic objective.<br />
<br />
Technically speaking, in the P2P Energy Economy, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them.<br />
<br />
Producers who achieve higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service realize a profit margin due to their reduced cost in work energy.<br />
<br />
In addition, producers who use their creativity and invest in R&D to produce an improved version of a given good or service take a risk in doing so and are either rewarded with higher sales, which together with the profit margin from higher efficiency, can lead to substantially higher net profit for the producer, but, if the new version fails to create higher demand, they can end up with a loss.<br />
<br />
This means that both efficiency and creativity are encouraged in the P2P Energy Economy (driven in both cases by a positive profit motive that contributes to sustainability and progress) with creativity being a risk/reward game.<br />
<br />
In addition to profit achieve through higher efficiency and creative risk taking, all producers (who are human) require a margin of reward regardless of their efficiency of creativity. This is because human beings need to rest and enjoy the fruit of their labor and are not able to convert energy into work product all the time, i.e. some of that energy must be used for enjoyment as well as just idling around.<br />
<br />
So a fixed reward margin needs to be added above the median cost in work energy it takes a human producer to produce and deliver a given good or service.<br />
<br />
In order to trade in goods and services, including work as a service, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service plus a fixed reward margin, we have to move away from the existing dynamics of scarcity and the existing resistance to evolution. In other words, the conditions for sustainable abundance and evolution, given below, must be satisfied.<br />
<br />
:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable) <br />
<br />
:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources) <br />
<br />
:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.) <br />
<br />
:f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy. <br />
<br />
::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material) <br />
<br />
::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool. <br />
<br />
::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system. <br />
<br />
:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service) <br />
<br />
:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.) <br />
<br />
:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.) <br />
<br />
:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.) <br />
<br />
:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.) <br />
<br />
For example, if health care (as an industry) was to meet the above conditions for sustainable abundance, a visit to the dentist should not cost more than what it takes in median work energy to produce and deliver it plus a fixed reward margin, which would be a very low price compared to today's prices. But in order for health care to meet the sustainable abundance conditions one of the first things that has to happen is automation (or increased efficiency) not just of IT but of medical procedures. For examples, today, robots are used by surgeons to perform sensitive surgeries to remove tumors with a much greater degree of accuracy than procedures performed by hand. It is very possible to replace the surgeon altogether with robotic surgeon technology that can visualize the tumor in 3D to the finest detail and use a combination of focused radiation beam (or gamma ray laser) to annihilate the tumor in place. It would take a few minutes and a relatively small amount of electricity. The second step in the process of making this type of surgery (as a service) sustainably abundant, the robot technology has to be open sourced and copied at no charge by anyone wishing to manufacture the robot, under a license where the originator only gets to enforce social and moral rights, e.g. attribution, share-alike, etc. Having said that, there will still need to be a human in charge of operating the surgical robot, but that human does not have to be a highly skilled surgeon since the surgical robot will minimize the challenge to a supervisory task requiring only moderate intelligence (or common sense) and some training, which would enable the abundance in surgery capabilities by significantly reducing the degree of specialization required. <br />
<br />
So in a world where everyone who wishes to get a given good or service can do so at the median cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin (for the producer), which in many cases represents a very low price compared to today's prices, why not just give everything and get everything for free using "non-reciprocal exchange" (or gifting)?<br />
<br />
Getting and giving goods and services for free (as in a gift economy or a generalized exchange) does not lead to a sustainable abundance in those goods and services. The reasons for that are:<br />
<br />
:1. If a given good or service can be obtained for free then some people may want a very large or endless supply of it without compensating the producers for the cost in work energy it takes to produce those goods and services. For example, if Internet bandwidth was free to all and people had an insatiable appetite for digital content then, at some point, there will be more demand for it than can be produced and delivered without further investments, and if those using the bandwidth do not compensate the producers for it in an equitable manner (i.e. by allowing the producers to recoup the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver extra bandwidth to meet increased demand) then the system will not be able to meet that demand. In other words, either the demand for the given good or service happens to be small or it has to be limited, which does not equate to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
:2. If there are more people who are inclined to take more than they give then they will have an unfair allocation of the available resources than people who are inclined to give more than they take, which causes the latter population to suffer and ultimately shrink leading to a dominant majority of people who are inclined to take more than give, which is an unsustainable situation and does not lead to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
For example, when it comes to digital content, if too many people hog the bandwidth, downloading terabytes of mp3s and software etc at a fixed $40 a month cost (the ISP monthly fee) then the network will meltdown, and it doesn't matter if it's a wireless mesh or the current internet.<br />
<br />
In order to perpetuate the production of a given resource, e.g. mp3 downloads, the continuous cost of work energy that has to go into producing and delivering that resource (see: Thermoeconomics) needs to be recouped.<br />
<br />
The challenge is figuring out the energy costing models for the types of goods and services that satisfy the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance.<br />
<br />
We can know how much it takes in energy (calories) per day to keep a 25 year old human being functioning, and we can estimate the other costs of living in terms of the work energy required to maintain living conditions. We can also know the energy use of various processes used in producing and delivering a given good or service. Assuming the given good or service meets the above-mentioned conditions for sustainable abundance, i.e. no dependence on scarcity economics, we can measure the energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, and, using historical sales data submitted by all producers of that good or service, we can adjust that eventually to be based on an average volume of production for that good or service (instead of raw estimate) and then calculate the price as the median cost in energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, per each instance of that good or service, and add a fixed reward margin.<br />
<br />
Such calculation involves building realistic energy costing models (for the various goods and services that are generated by industries that meet the sustainable abundance conditions,) and when it's automated it via cost estimation software (as part of the P2P trading application) it offers us the opportunity to understand the real cost of production to ourselves and the environment.<br />
<br />
Since the volume of production affects the cost of energy for producing and delivering a given good or service, the energy costing models used by the estimation software (that is part of the P2P trading application) should assume an average volume of production based on historical sales data from all the producers of the given good or service, as reported by their inventory management system<br />
<br />
When it comes to rewarding those who work more efficiently and/or more creatively, the model fully supports that through two different, concurrent paths:<br />
<br />
:1. Investing work energy in increasing the efficiency of their production processes get to have a profit margin (because their good or service costs less than the median cost in work energy to produce and deliver, so they get to keep the difference.) <br />
<br />
:2. Investing work energy in improving an existing good or service get to sell more of that good or service if they select the right feature selections (but also get to lose if they select the wrong feature selections, so this second path involves educated risk taking.) <br />
<br />
If a given peer spends 500MJ making something that they would like to give to the world then they should be able get that 500MJ back somehow (or they will eventually starve) and the most efficient way is through direct exchange. If they're paid back 600MJ or 350MJ then they will have an idea if they're producing the thing efficiently or inefficiently. In this way, the use of joule tokens promotes (or direct money into) more and more efficiency, not more and more scarcity (as with the existing currency.)<br />
<br />
For goods and services that are new (e.g. new inventions, new product categories, etc) the existing scarcity-enforcing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) will be used until those goods and services become more common (not to be confused with sustainably abundant) at which point the energy cost estimation software will be updated with energy cost models for those goods and services and the producers of those goods and services will be asked to use the software to submit their energy cost estimates using an average volume of production for the given good or service, which is calculated from the historical sales data reported by the inventory management systems of all the producers for that good or service. The price for that good or service is set to the median cost of energy for producing and delivering that good or service calculated from the energy cost estimates submitted by all producers for that good or service. <br />
<br />
It's important to note that all transactions in the P2P Energy Economy are done through a P2P trading application which automatically fetches the price of goods and services from the Energy Cost Registry. So the concept of "price" in current economics is replaced by the concept of "median cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver a given product" which decreases over time due to technological progress.<br />
<br />
It's an important consideration for producers to make sure that the total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able in full based on the historical sales data the producer has for the given good or service, as provided by their inventory system, so that they don't suffer losses due to over production, especially since losses, under this model, cannot be recouped from the market(e.g. by dumping excess at lower-than-cost and killing off competition then raising prices to recoup the loss.) <br />
<br />
In other words, producing a quantity above predicted short-term demand, as indicated by the producer's predictive inventory system, is a risk the producer must take alone without punishing the consumer or other producers, and they must do so by making sure that their total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able based on the historical sales data for the given product or service, as reported by their personal inventory management system, which is built into the P2P trading application used for trading.)<br />
<br />
Having said that, if a producer was to overlook the historical sales data based on having put more work energy into producing and delivering a new version of a given good or service, i.e. making feature selections, then they should be able to reap the reward if they sell more of the given good or service than they have in the past, or assume the loss if it doesn't.<br />
<br />
Since the definition of goods and services under this model requires them to be producible and deliverable on efficient, on-demand basis (i.e. just-in-time inventory must be the norm,) it is unlikely that producers will ever need to over produce. The only actual concern here is that producers must make sure that they can recoup whatever work energy they put into producing and delivering a given good or service. If they don't then they will carry a debt to themselves that they must pay back in work energy. <br />
<br />
So while selling more of a given good or service does not imply a profit (since all goods and services are sold at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them) selling more of a new, improved version of a given good or service than they've sold of the old version allows the producer to recoup their increased upfront work energy in developing the new version of the good or service. That is because the total cost in work energy of producing and delivering a good or service, which includes upfront costs of the extra work energy for developing a new version, is spread over the entire volume of sales (per a given time period, e.g. the period after which the producer must repay a loan or recoup and reinvest the spent capital.)<br />
<br />
The only way for producers to make a profit above the fixed reward margin is by investing in higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service, i.e. lower their cost in work energy below the median, and taking creative risk (by deciding on new features for their product or service, which may result in higher or lower sales.) This kind of 'progressive profit' does not cause scarcity because it comes from a higher efficiency not a higher price. This model simply eliminates the 'bad' type of profit that's due to a higher priced, based on supply being circumstantially or artificially lower than demand, which enforces the conditions for scarcity.<br />
<br />
To expand on the preceding point, we identify three kinds of profits:<br />
<br />
:a. This kind of profit is made when we have a relatively high efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service where the production volume meets the demand at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce the given good or service. This involves producers investing in more efficient production, which is good for the environment and good for society (as it quickens the pace of technological progress, along the efficiency axis, which is required for sustaining abundance) The logic of the P2P Energy Economy treats this type of relative margin difference in "at cost" trading as good profit.<br />
<br />
:b. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than the supply (without artificially limiting the supply) and producers can add a given margin above cost (depends on how much larger demand is than supply) to artificially limit demand. The resulting price is called equilibrium price. This type of profit directs money into scarce goods rather than into solving the circumstances that cause their scarcity. In other words, this type of profit is scarcity-enforcing. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
<br />
:c. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than some artificially limited supply and the monopolist(s) can add an arbitrary margin above equilibrium price (which already artificially limits demands) to further limit demand, create scarcity, and reap obscene profits. This type of profit concentrates money into the hands of those producers who have the financial and ill will to exercise manipulative/controlling power in the market. In other words, this type of profit is not just scarcity-enforcing but also power concentrating. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
<br />
In addition to profit margin achieved through higher-than-median efficiency in the production and delivery of the given good or service, the producer's creativity in coming up with a new/additional/different feature selection for that good or service is naturally rewarded if it results in higher demand (which when combined with the aforementioned profit results in higher net profit) but if it does not lead to higher demand then the producer must assume the loss (due to the upfront cost in work energy of R&D.) <br />
<br />
The model only applies to goods and services generated by industries that meet the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance. The main thing the currency developed here achieves is providing a way to trade those goods and services at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them, which enables a fair exchange.<br />
<br />
===Eliminating Monopolies===<br />
<br />
You may have noticed from going through the model description so far that it requires the use of a virtually centralized inventory management system for P2P energy transactions and a peer-owned inventory management system for P2P transactions in goods and services.<br />
<br />
The centralized inventory management for P2P energy transactions is more efficient in matching supply to demand and does not allow for any peer to sell significantly more energy than others. This is important since energy is the basis for currency. Letting monopolistic behavior emerge there makes the whole system unsustainable.<br />
<br />
The decentralized inventory management for P2P transactions in goods and services allows peers to take the risk of investing in better versions of existing goods and services and sell more than the old version of those goods and services. <br />
<br />
Both the centralized and decentralized inventory management systems, for energy and goods and services, respectively, allow producers to invest in more efficient production, which gives them higher margins of profit relative to those who don't and this is a good thing since more efficient production of energy, goods and services is needed for them to be abundant. <br />
<br />
The freedom the decentralized inventory gives the peers, as far as taking risk in investing in new versions of existing products and services and selling more as a result has an interesting consequence: there is nothing that can be done from the moral perspective to prevent peers who have the most innovative good or service in a given category (and who have social, ecological and environmental values that are in sync with society's values from getting the largest market share and who shares their revenue with all via lending) from becoming a monopoly, e.g. the [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2006/07/10/google-is-a-monopoly/ Google monopoly.] <br />
<br />
However, unlike the current economy, in the P2P Energy Economy, monopolies are eliminated due to the following conditions:<br />
<br />
:1. All industries must meet the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
<br />
::a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
<br />
::b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
::c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
<br />
::d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
::e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
<br />
::f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
:::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
<br />
:::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
<br />
:::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
<br />
:::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
<br />
::g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
<br />
::h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
<br />
::i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
<br />
::j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
::(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
<br />
:2. Consumers are automatically and anonymously matched to producers based on the required attributes for the given good or service, the producer's lender credits (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) and the affinity between the consumer's and the producer's social, ecological and environmental values, , so producers do not own access to the consumer.<br />
<br />
:3. Producers are required to share their revenue through lending in order to rank higher as sellers, which assures that in order for a given producer to empower themselves they have to empower everyone.<br />
<br />
===Programming Joule Tokens=== <br />
<br />
The idea behind combining the Affinity Matrix with virtual joule tokens is to define and use money as a tokenizer of energy flows (i.e. the increase or delta in electric energy flows from nodes with electric energy surplus to nodes with electric energy deficit) and a container of the transient information (or metadata) that may be programmed into money at the transaction level (i.e. the criteria for exchanging the energy for the given good or service, as applied to the seller and the good or service.) <br />
<br />
The buyer’s multidimensional value system, which can be applied by the buyer (as a selection criteria) to the seller and the good or service, is programmable into the money (i.e. into the collection of joule tokens) for each transaction. This way, the buyer’s multidimensional value system becomes represented as explicit information that is carried by the currency tokens for the given transaction. This information (the transient metadata not the work value of the token in joules) goes to blank state after money has been transferred from the buyer to the seller, which allows for the programming and transmission of new information by the seller.<br />
<br />
It is possible to give each token a unique ID and storing the transient metadata from each transaction involving a given token in an open, redundant data store, where the buyer and seller remain anonymous, to track the use of that token. If all that metadata is viewed as a collection a picture starts to emerge as to the flow of money in the economy. Users of the P2P Energy Economy can see how social, ecological and environmental criteria influence on the flow of money and, as a result, take social action where needed. <br />
<br />
It's important to note, from a technical perspective, that such historical data is not in the tokens but in a separate, open, redundant data store. Having said that, it's also important to restate that the transient metadata relating to each transaction is stored in the tokens themselves but erased after the given transaction is fulfilled. The reason for that is to enable physical programmable tokens at some point without changing the way tokens are defined abstractly in the system.<br />
<br />
=Software Development= <br />
<br />
==Use Cases (Examples)==<br />
<br />
The high-level difference in how the model works vs the current economic model, which we shall demonstrated in use cases/examples, is highlighted by the following propositions (provable within the model's logic), which are each unique to joule tokens, as a complementary currency, and cannot be attained as readily using the existing monetary system:<br />
<br />
:1. Provide an energy based currency that has a fixed work value and a use value that only increases over time.<br />
<br />
:2. Enable trading in goods and services, including work itself, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, such that anyone who wishes to get a given good or service can get it at the cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service.<br />
<br />
:3. Enable fair compensation for producers at the median cost in work energy that goes into making and delivering the given good or service and based on their efficiency and creativity, not based on their place in the hierarchy or their access to a scarce resource.<br />
<br />
:4. Direct the flow of money into higher production efficiencies for energy, goods and services.<br />
<br />
:5. Direct the flow of money towards socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services.<br />
<br />
:6. Enable a model of the economy where in order for peers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others, i.e., “the more you share, the more you have.”<br />
<br />
:7. Enable increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
<br />
Let's start with our examples...<br />
<br />
===Use Case 1-01===<br />
<br />
A person (let's call him Tom) who puts 10M joules into producing some product (let's call it XYZ) will get that energy back not from the person who buys the product (let's call him John), who actually pays Tom 1,000 virtual joule tokens for the product (where each virtual joule token is 10,000 joules,) but from the person who makes the food that Tom consumes and/or from the person who provides entertainment that makes life livable for Tom and from all other producers of goods and services that enables (or helps to enable) sustainable production of XYZ by Tom, and whom Tom pays with the money he gets from selling XYZ. <br />
<br />
In this sense, the tit for tat exchange between Tom and John of product XYZ for 1,000 joule tokens is done in the context of supporting a generalized exchange of energy for goods and services (using tokens) between each peer and the community as a whole.<br />
<br />
You may then wonder what's the difference between this model and the existing model, given the latter does the same?<br />
<br />
The price of product XYZ does not depend on the features or benefits of XYZ. What matters is that Tom made it and wants to give it to the world without starving himself. That's why artists give away music, or why software developers make free and open source software. It's the creative impulse that exists within all of us. What this model allows that the current does not is for John to give back Tom the average energy Tom put into producing and delivering the product to John. This means that Tom does not make a profit, but he will not starve due to giving things without recouping his spent energy.<br />
<br />
Having said that, Tom needs more than food and shelter to keep going (i.e. humans have more needs than just subsistence.) A big need for Tom is to be rewarded for his individual work and creativity. This can be done justly if Tom puts energy in improving the efficiency of his production (of XYZ) or by selecting features in XYZ (through a creative choice making process) that creates more appeal (and hence more sales) for XYZ. <br />
<br />
In the existing system, it's practically impossible to calculate a fixed cost because the existing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) itself is relative to demand and supply (of the currency itself) and, since it's not backed by anything (e.g. gold,) it constantly changes in value due to changes in trade deficit, rate of inflation, national debt, and the speculation on value of the currency based on all these factors.<br />
<br />
[This use case is to be detailed further. See sections "User Manual->Fair Compensation" and "Model Development->Trading at Cost with Joule Tokens" for a more complete explanation of trading at cost with joule tokens.]<br />
<br />
=Model Implementation= <br />
<br />
==Off-the-Grid Communities==<br />
<br />
An "Off-the-grid community" is a community where members generate their own electricity without using the public electric grid infrastructure. <br />
<br />
The assumption here is that the technology for p2p (or house 2 house) electric energy generation and distribution (reference: P2P Energy Production) exists in the desired form, e.g. the existence of an electric energy generation and distribution grid where there is no central electric utility, i.e. all energy is generated by peers, and where peers are able to store energy on short term basis for the dynamic short-term inventory maintained in a virtually centralized manner by P2P Bank (see: P2P Energy Bank; see: P2P Energy Management) <br />
<br />
It seems that such storage technology is currently under development (see: [http://www.pat2pdf.org/patents/pat7466536.pdf EESU supercapacitor patent].)<br />
<br />
The second assumption is that there is willingness to use a P2P trading application for the community (including mobile phone browsers) to conduct all transactions for the category of goods and services covered under this model. <br />
<br />
So if the preceding assumptions become valid at some point in the future or if they're valid now then this model can be applied to such a community.<br />
<br />
People's ingenuity and willingness to try new ideas combined with current trends in the areas of P2P energy and P2P economy almost guarantee that we will see such implementations.<br />
<br />
It is important to note, however, that an off-the-grid community does not exist in a vacuum. It is built on top of the existing economy. The emergence of off-the-grid communities that employ the model defined here will help society transition to an abundance-sustaining economy, a la "the more you share the more you have," and further away from the manipulative/controlling behavior prevalent in today's scarcity based economy.<br />
<br />
= Feedback =<br />
<br />
==Request for Comments==<br />
<br />
I’m an engineer by education, not an economist, and it’s about time for engineers (all of you out there) to take over from business people in shaping the economy. The economy we have today has been driven mostly by people with business degrees or economists with no appreciation for the laws of physics and too much inertia to fundamentally change and disrupt their comfortable ideas about money, energy and the economy.<br />
<br />
I'm interested in feedback, insights, help, coordination, etc.<br />
<br />
==Readers Comments==<br />
<br />
Please go [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2008/10/21/p2p-social-currency-money-20/#comments here] to view or add comments.<br />
<br />
= Collaboration =<br />
<br />
==How To==<br />
<br />
The first step is to provide [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2008/10/21/p2p-social-currency-money-20/#comments feedback].<br />
<br />
The next simplest step after feedback is conversation.<br />
<br />
Once we start conversing we will get a clue as to how we can collaborate<br />
<br />
If you wish to jump head first into conversation, you may join our on-going discussions at [http://groups.google.com/group/p2p-energy-economy P2P Energy Economy at Google Groups]. In such case, please make sure to browse the links under ReadMe First before entering the discussion.<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<br />
* [http://www.odemagazine.com/doc/56/talkin-bout-my-generation/2 P2P Energy Production]<br />
<br />
= Meta =<br />
<br />
==Change History==<br />
<br />
To see all changes and revisions, please use history tab on this wiki page.<br />
<br />
==Document Location==<br />
<br />
URL: [http://p2pfoundation.net/P2P_Social_Currency_Model http://p2pfoundation.net/P2P_Energy_Economy]<br />
<br />
==Content License==<br />
<br />
[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-Sharealike 3.0]<br />
<br />
[http://www.registeredcommons.org/grid/RC-01-LIZ0000000727-1 Registered at RegisteredCommons.org]<br />
<br />
==Model Development Process==<br />
<br />
Agile–> release early, release often, high-bandwidth communication<br />
<br />
The model achieves stability by being open to instability.<br />
<br />
Thus, this author is continuously seeking insights, comments, questions, and disagreements.<br />
<br />
= Related Links =<br />
<br />
* [[Complementary Currency Software]]<br />
<br />
* [[P2P Exchange Infrastructure Projects]]<br />
<br />
* [[Thermoeconomics]]<br />
<br />
= External Links =<br />
<br />
[http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2008/10/21/p2p-social-currency-money-20/ "P2P Energy Economy" on Evolving Trends (for comments)]<br />
<br />
[http://www.media-art-online.org/iwat/research/papers.html.en Publications on i-WAT]<br />
<br />
Related concepts:<br />
<br />
#[[Decentralized Energy]]<br />
#[[Distributed Generation]], or at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_generation<br />
#[[Distributed Power Generation]]<br />
#[[Microgeneration]]<br />
#[[Microgrids]]<br />
#[[Micropower]]<br />
#[[Net Metering]]<br />
#[[P2P Energy Grid]]<br />
#[http://cashwiki.org/en/Energy_Unit_of_Account Energy Unit of Account]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Money]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Energy]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=P2P_Energy_Economy&diff=101018P2P Energy Economy2016-09-01T09:38:34Z<p>Dante: /* External Links */ added link to Energy Unit of Account - Chris Cook</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Notice'''<br />
<br />
''The right to share, distribute, remix and modify this work is hereby granted (by this author and P2P Foundation) under Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-Sharealike 3.0] license. Modifying this original copy on this wiki page takes away other people's ability to modify/remix the original copy. Please allow others to access this original work by making your modifications/remixes on a different wiki page.'' <br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
==Title==<br />
<br />
P2P Energy Economy<br />
<br />
== Release Notes ==<br />
<br />
3.00.01<br />
<br />
This work is being continued on another wiki.<br />
<br />
The 3.00.01 release on this wiki has two known issues:<br />
<br />
1. Resiliency not efficiency needs to be rewarded.<br />
<br />
2. Missing key mechanism: regulating the number of energy producers using quality of service as a threshold and relying on natural human tendency to err to keep the number of energy producers limited while allowing abundance in energy flow and the production of goods and services. <br />
<br />
Both of these issues will be addressed in the latest version and the URL will be announced on [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com. Evolving Trends]<br />
<br />
[[User:MarcFawzi|MarcFawzi]] 17:26, 9 November 2009 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==Author==<br />
<br />
Marc Fawzi, [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/ Evolving Trends]<br />
<br />
=User Manual=<br />
<br />
==Introduction==<br />
<br />
The P2P Energy Economy fuses the latest advances in SmartGrid technology, P2P trading and lending, and P2P energy production (from renewables) into an abundance-sustaining economy, including a new kind of currency designed to work with a small but growing category of goods and services that can be produced on abundant basis.<br />
<br />
The benefits of the P2P Energy Economy are summarized below:<br />
<br />
:1. Provide an energy based currency that has a fixed work value and a use value that only increases over time.<br />
<br />
:2. Enable 'Fair Exchange' (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
:3. Direct the flow of money into higher production efficiencies for energy, goods and services.<br />
<br />
:4. Direct the flow of money towards socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services.<br />
<br />
:5. Enable a model of the economy where in order for peers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others through no-interest lending, i.e. “the more you share, the more you have.”<br />
<br />
:6. Enable increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers. <br />
<br />
The following sections articulate the above-mentioned benefits in broader context.<br />
<br />
==The Two Biggest Dogmas==<br />
<br />
The two biggest dogmas in current P2P theories that seek to disrupt the status quo are:<br />
<br />
:1. The generalized exchange of goods and services (aka "non-reciprocal exchange" or "gift economy",) where the giving and getting of goods and services happens at no cost to the recipient and without direct reciprocity between the provider and the recipient, is a good way to run an economy.<br />
<br />
:2. Self-sufficiency leads to true autonomy.<br />
<br />
These two dogmas are countered in the following two sections, which address fair compensation and increased autonomy.<br />
<br />
To summarize, for the first dogma, the following counter argument is given:<br />
<br />
:Getting and giving goods and services for free (as in a gift economy or a generalized exchange) does not lead to a sustainable abundance in those goods and services. The reasons for that are:<br />
<br />
::1. If a given good or service can be obtained for free then some people may want a very large or endless supply of it without compensating the producers for the cost in work energy it takes to produce those goods and services. For example, if Internet bandwidth was free to all and people had an insatiable appetite for digital content then, at some point, there will be more demand for it than can be produced and delivered without further investments, and if those using the bandwidth do not compensate the producers for it in an equitable manner (i.e. by allowing the producers to recoup the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver extra bandwidth to meet increased demand) then the system will not be able to meet that demand. In other words, either the demand for the given good or service happens to be small or it has to be limited, which does not equate to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
::2. If there are more people who are inclined to take more than they give then they will have an unfair allocation of the available resources than people who are inclined to give more than they take, which causes the latter population to suffer and ultimately shrink leading to a dominant majority of people who are inclined to take more than give, which is an unsustainable situation and does not lead to sustainable abundance.<br />
<br />
And for the second dogma, the following argument is given:<br />
<br />
:When it comes to the idea that self-sufficiency leads to autonomy, we can point to the fact that no amount of self-sufficiency can compete with the autonomy achieved by being part of a great inter-dependent whole. <br />
<br />
:For instance, in the case of North Korea, a fully self-sufficient country that can make nukes from scratch, the fact is that despite having many educated and capable scientists and engineers, a hard working population, and many natural resources (including agricultural resources) they don't have the autonomy (or power) to achieve the standards of living (including nutrition) that would be theirs if they were an part of a greater inter-dependent whole.<br />
<br />
:So if bloggers and youtubers did not produce their own content and did not re-distribute and remix content from other bloggers and youtubers, the Internet (or Web) as a medium would not have had the autonomy that it has today and the same goes for the bloggers and youtubers, as they would be dependent on the few producers that existed before the Web was born, e.g. TV stations, newspapers, etc.<br />
<br />
:Having said that, inter-dependence can easily turn into dependence when most producers become consumers and redistributors of a few original producers. <br />
<br />
:This can happen due to two reasons: <br />
<br />
::1. The majority of people consume far more than they produce.<br />
<br />
::2. Certain producers have access to a scarce resource (e.g. insider news in case of bloggers like TechCrunch and access to huge amounts of video content in case of youtubers like CBS and other major TV channels) or a higher place in some established hierarchy (e.g. Washington Post vs. Joe Blogger) use this unfair advantage to buy out the most successful of the small producers (Joe Blogger and Joe Youtuber) in order to reinforce others' dependency on themselves. <br />
<br />
:One answer that addresses both problems is to assure maximum interdependence in the design of the system, without creating fixed centers of dependency.<br />
<br />
:The first way "maximum inter-dependence" is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by having producers trade in goods and services based on the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, so that in order for someone to consume, redistribute or remix another producer's goods or services they need to pay for those goods or services in joule tokens at the same amount in work energy it took to produce and deliver those goods or services, which means that they have to produce their own goods and services (or produce surplus energy) that they can trade with other producers at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, e.g. by using joule tokens, which leads to increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
<br />
:The second way the "maximum inter-dependence" condition is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by eliminating monopolies.<br />
<br />
:When it comes to monopolies, they are eliminated in the P2P Energy Economy by the following conditions:<br />
<br />
::1. All industries must meet the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
<br />
:::a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
<br />
:::b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
:::c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
<br />
:::d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
:::e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
<br />
:::f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
::::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
<br />
::::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
<br />
::::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
<br />
::::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
<br />
:::g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
<br />
:::h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
<br />
:::i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
<br />
:::j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
:::(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
<br />
::2. Consumers are automatically and anonymously matched to producers based on the required attributes for the given good or service, the producer's lender credits (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) and the affinity between the consumer's and the producer's social, ecological and environmental values, so producers do not own access to the consumer.<br />
<br />
::3. Producers are required to share their revenue through lending in order to rank higher as sellers, which assures that in order for a given producer to empower themselves they have to empower everyone.<br />
<br />
It's important to note that the way "increased autonomy through increased interdependence" works without creating fixed centers of dependency by constantly breaking and rebuilding the interdependency network. For more on how this is done, please see Increased Autonomy Through Increased Interdependence.<br />
<br />
==Fair Exchange (User Manual Section)==<br />
<br />
In today's economy, everything is priced subjectively, i.e. based on subjective value, that's driven in great part by artificial or circumstantial scarcity, using relatively valued currency, where the value of the currency itself is driven in great part by its artificial scarcity. So to start pricing things in terms of the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them will require the development of energy costing models for manufactured goods and services but once the energy costing models are developed the process of estimation (through software) can then become a realistic objective.<br />
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Technically speaking, in the P2P Energy Economy, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them.<br />
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Producers who achieve higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service realize a profit margin due to their reduced cost in work energy.<br />
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In addition, producers who use their creativity and invest in R&D to produce an improved version of a given good or service take a risk in doing so and are either rewarded with higher sales, which together with the profit margin from higher efficiency, can lead to substantially higher net profit for the producer, but, if the new version fails to create higher demand, they can end up with a loss.<br />
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This means that both efficiency and creativity are encouraged in the P2P Energy Economy (driven in both cases by a positive profit motive that contributes to sustainability and progress) with creativity being a risk/reward game.<br />
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In addition to profit achieve through higher efficiency and creative risk taking, all producers (who are human) require a margin of reward regardless of their efficiency of creativity. This is because human beings need to rest and enjoy the fruit of their labor and are not able to convert energy into work product all the time, i.e. some of that energy must be used for enjoyment as well as just idling around.<br />
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So a fixed reward margin needs to be added above the median cost in work energy it takes a human producer to produce and deliver a given good or service.<br />
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In order to trade in goods and services, including work as a service, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service plus a fixed reward margin, we have to move away from the existing environment that creates the dynamics for scarcity. In other words, the conditions for sustainable abundance, given below, must be satisfied.<br />
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:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable) <br />
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:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
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:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources) <br />
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:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
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:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.) <br />
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:f. Open Production System: <br />
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::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy. <br />
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::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material) <br />
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::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool. <br />
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::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system. <br />
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:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service) <br />
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:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.) <br />
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:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.) <br />
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:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.) <br />
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:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.) <br />
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For example, if health care (as an industry) was to meet the above conditions for sustainable abundance, a visit to the dentist should not cost more than what it takes in median work energy to produce and deliver it plus a fixed reward margin, which would be a very low price compared to today's prices. But in order for health care to meet the sustainable abundance conditions one of the first things that has to happen is automation (or increased efficiency) not just of IT but of medical procedures. For examples, today, robots are used by surgeons to perform sensitive surgeries to remove tumors with a much greater degree of accuracy than procedures performed by hand. It is very possible to replace the surgeon altogether with robotic surgeon technology that can visualize the tumor in 3D to the finest detail and use a combination of focused radiation beam (or gamma ray laser) to annihilate the tumor in place. It would take a few minutes and a relatively small amount of electricity. The second step in the process of making this type of surgery (as a service) sustainably abundant, the robot technology has to be open sourced and copied at no charge by anyone wishing to manufacture the robot, under a license where the originator only gets to enforce social and moral rights, e.g. attribution, share-alike, etc. Having said that, there will still need to be a human in charge of operating the surgical robot, but that human does not have to be a highly skilled surgeon since the surgical robot will minimize the challenge to a supervisory task requiring only moderate intelligence (or common sense) and some training, which would enable the abundance in surgery capabilities by significantly reducing the degree of specialization required. <br />
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So in a world where everyone who wishes to get a given good or service can do so at the median cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin (for the producer), which in many cases represents a very low price compared to today's prices, why not just give everything and get everything for free using "non-reciprocal exchange" (or gifting)?<br />
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Getting and giving goods and services for free (as in a gift economy or a generalized exchange) does not lead to a sustainable abundance in those goods and services. The reasons for that are:<br />
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:1. If a given good or service can be obtained for free then some people may want a very large or endless supply of it without compensating the producers for the cost in work energy it takes to produce those goods and services. For example, if Internet bandwidth was free to all and people had an insatiable appetite for digital content then, at some point, there will be more demand for it than can be produced and delivered without further investments, and if those using the bandwidth do not compensate the producers for it in an equitable manner (i.e. by allowing the producers to recoup the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver extra bandwidth to meet increased demand) then the system will not be able to meet that demand. In other words, either the demand for the given good or service happens to be small or it has to be limited, which does not equate to sustainable abundance. <br />
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:2. If there are more people who are inclined to take more than they give then they will have an unfair allocation of the available resources than people who are inclined to give more than they take, which causes the latter population to suffer and ultimately shrink leading to a dominant majority of people who are inclined to take more than give, which is an unsustainable situation and does not lead to sustainable abundance. <br />
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For example, when it comes to digital content, if too many people hog the bandwidth, downloading terabytes of mp3s and software etc at a fixed $40 a month cost (the ISP monthly fee) then the network will meltdown, and it doesn't matter if it's a wireless mesh or the current internet.<br />
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In order to perpetuate the production of a given resource, e.g. mp3 downloads, the continuous cost of work energy that has to go into producing and delivering that resource (see: Thermoeconomics) needs to be recouped.<br />
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The challenge is figuring out the energy costing models for the types of goods and services that satisfy the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance.<br />
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We can know how much it takes in energy (calories) per day to keep a 25 year old human being functioning, and we can estimate the other costs of living in terms of the work energy required to maintain living conditions. We can also know the energy use of various processes used in producing and delivering a given good or service. Assuming the given good or service meets the above-mentioned conditions for sustainable abundance, i.e. no dependence on scarcity economics, we can measure the energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, and, using historical sales data submitted by all producers of that good or service, we can adjust that eventually to be based on an average volume of production for that good or service (instead of raw estimate) and then calculate the price as the median cost in energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, per each instance of that good or service, and add a fixed reward margin.<br />
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Such calculation involves building realistic energy costing models (for the various goods and services that are generated by industries that meet the sustainable abundance conditions,) and when it's automated it via cost estimation software (as part of the P2P trading application) it offers us the opportunity to understand the real cost of production to ourselves and the environment.<br />
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Since the volume of production affects the cost of energy for producing and delivering a given good or service, the energy costing models used by the estimation software (that is part of the P2P trading application) should assume an average volume of production based on historical sales data from all the producers of the given good or service, as reported by their inventory management system<br />
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When it comes to rewarding those who work more efficiently and/or more creatively, the model fully supports that through two different, concurrent paths:<br />
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:1. Investing work energy in increasing the efficiency of their production processes get to have a profit margin (because their good or service costs less than the median cost in work energy to produce and deliver, so they get to keep the difference.) <br />
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:2. Investing work energy in improving an existing good or service get to sell more of that good or service if they select the right feature selections (but also get to lose if they select the wrong feature selections, so this second path involves educated risk taking.) <br />
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If a given peer spends 500MJ making something that they would like to give to the world then they should be able get that 500MJ back somehow (or they will eventually starve) and the most efficient way is through direct exchange. If they're paid back 600MJ or 350MJ then they will have an idea if they're producing the thing efficiently or inefficiently. In this way, the use of joule tokens promotes (or direct money into) more and more efficiency, not more and more scarcity (as with the existing currency.)<br />
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For goods and services that are new (e.g. new inventions, new product categories, etc) the existing scarcity-enforcing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) will be used until those goods and services become more common (not to be confused with sustainably abundant) at which point the energy cost estimation software will be updated with energy cost models for those goods and services and the producers of those goods and services will be asked to use the software to submit their energy cost estimates using an average volume of production for the given good or service, which is calculated from the historical sales data reported by the inventory management systems of all the producers for that good or service. The price for that good or service is set to the median cost of energy for producing and delivering that good or service calculated from the energy cost estimates submitted by all producers for that good or service. <br />
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It's important to note that all transactions in the P2P Energy Economy are done through a P2P trading application which automatically fetches the price of goods and services from the Energy Cost Registry. So the concept of "price" in current economics is replaced by the concept of "median cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver a given product" which decreases over time due to technological progress.<br />
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It's an important consideration for producers to make sure that the total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able in full based on the historical sales data the producer has for the given good or service, as provided by their inventory system, so that they don't suffer losses due to over production, especially since losses, under this model, cannot be recouped from the market(e.g. by dumping excess at lower-than-cost and killing off competition then raising prices to recoup the loss.) <br />
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In other words, producing a quantity above predicted short-term demand, as indicated by the producer's predictive inventory system, is a risk the producer must take alone without punishing the consumer or other producers, and they must do so by making sure that their total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able based on the historical sales data for the given product or service, as reported by their personal inventory management system, which is built into the P2P trading application used for trading.)<br />
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Having said that, if a producer was to overlook the historical sales data based on having put more work energy into producing and delivering a new version of a given good or service, i.e. making feature selections, then they should be able to reap the reward if they sell more of the given good or service than they have in the past, or assume the loss if it doesn't.<br />
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Since the definition of goods and services under this model requires them to be producible and deliverable on efficient, on-demand basis (i.e. just-in-time inventory must be the norm,) it is unlikely that producers will ever need to over produce. The only actual concern here is that producers must make sure that they can recoup whatever work energy they put into producing and delivering a given good or service. If they don't then they will carry a debt to themselves that they must pay back in work energy. <br />
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So while selling more of a given good or service does not imply a profit (since all goods and services are sold at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them) selling more of a new, improved version of a given good or service than they've sold of the old version allows the producer to recoup their increased upfront work energy in developing the new version of the good or service. That is because the total cost in work energy of producing and delivering a good or service, which includes upfront costs of the extra work energy for developing a new version, is spread over the entire volume of sales (per a given time period, e.g. the period after which the producer must repay a loan or recoup and reinvest the spent capital.)<br />
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The only way for producers to make a profit above the fixed reward margin is by investing in higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service, i.e. lower their cost in work energy below the median, and taking creative risk (by deciding on new features for their product or service, which may result in higher or lower sales.) This kind of 'progressive profit' does not cause scarcity because it comes from a higher efficiency not a higher price. This model simply eliminates the 'bad' type of profit that's due to a higher priced, based on supply being circumstantially or artificially lower than demand, which enforces the conditions for scarcity.<br />
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To expand on the preceding point, we identify three kinds of profits:<br />
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:a. This kind of profit is made when we have a relatively high efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service where the production volume meets the demand at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce the given good or service. This involves producers investing in more efficient production, which is good for the environment and good for society (as it quickens the pace of technological progress, along the efficiency axis, which is required for sustaining abundance) The logic of the P2P Energy Economy treats this type of relative margin difference in "at cost" trading as good profit.<br />
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:b. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than the supply (without artificially limiting the supply) and producers can add a given margin above cost (depends on how much larger demand is than supply) to artificially limit demand. The resulting price is called equilibrium price. This type of profit directs money into scarce goods rather than into solving the circumstances that cause their scarcity. In other words, this type of profit is scarcity-enforcing. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
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:c. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than some artificially limited supply and the monopolist(s) can add an arbitrary margin above equilibrium price (which already artificially limits demands) to further limit demand, create scarcity, and reap obscene profits. This type of profit concentrates money into the hands of those producers who have the financial and ill will to exercise manipulative/controlling power in the market. In other words, this type of profit is not just scarcity-enforcing but also power concentrating. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
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In addition to profit margin achieved through higher-than-median efficiency in the production and delivery of the given good or service, the producer's creativity in coming up with a new/additional/different feature selection for that good or service is naturally rewarded if it results in higher demand (which when combined with the aforementioned profit results in higher net profit) but if it does not lead to higher demand then the producer must assume the loss (due to the upfront cost in work energy of R&D.) <br />
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The model only applies to goods and services generated by industries that meet the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance. The main thing the currency developed here achieves is providing a way to trade those goods and services at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them, which enables a fair exchange.<br />
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==Increased Autonomy Through Increased Interdependence==<br />
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In the current economy, reliance on one or few major players in each given market has created an unsustainable system. When the top 2 or 3 investment banks in each country failed the entire global financial industry collapsed, which has caused the global economy to falter (search: global economic meltdown 2008.)<br />
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In the P2P Energy Economy, increased autonomy is achieved by putting power with the whole rather than with one or few major players. <br />
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The current economic meltdown (search: global economic meltdown 2008) is a proof that we have reached or are reaching the limits of sustainability for the current economic paradigm, and that 'peer production' (the production of energy, goods and services by individuals as opposed to utilities and factories,) will make the system dependent on the people as a whole, instead of on one or few major players, which, as we can see, based on the current paradigm, makes the people dependent on the system and renders them helpless in times of instability, thus perpetuating and even deepening their dependence on the system. <br />
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One of the key concepts behind the P2P Energy Economy is that it replaces an increased dependence by the users on the system (i.e. on the major players) with an increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers, which puts the power with the whole and allows both the users and the system to enjoy true autonomy (or power.)<br />
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A great example of increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence is the Internet, where increased inter-dependence between content producers, which manifests in the continuous production, re-distribution and remixing of shared content by equally empowered producers (e.g. bloggers, youtubers) has led to increased autonomy for the medium as well as for the producers.<br />
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When it comes to the idea that self-sufficiency leads to autonomy, we can point to the fact that no amount of self-sufficiency can compete with the autonomy achieved by being part of a great inter-dependent whole. <br />
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For instance, in the case of North Korea, a fully self-sufficient country that can make nukes from scratch, the fact is that despite having many educated and capable scientists and engineers, a hard working population, and many natural resources (including agricultural resources) they don't have the autonomy (or power) to achieve the standards of living (including nutrition) that would be theirs if they were an part of a greater inter-dependent whole.<br />
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So if bloggers and youtubers did not produce their own content and did not re-distribute and remix content from other bloggers and youtubers, the Internet (or Web) as a medium would not have had the autonomy that it has today and the same goes for the bloggers and youtubers, as they would be dependent on the few producers that existed before the Web was born, e.g. TV stations, newspapers, etc.<br />
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Having said that, inter-dependence can easily turn into dependence when most producers become consumers and redistributors of a few original producers.<br />
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This can happen due to two reasons:<br />
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1. The majority of people consume far more than they produce.<br />
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2. Certain producers have access to a scarce resource (e.g. insider news in case of bloggers like TechCrunch and access to huge amounts of video content in case of youtubers like CBS and other major <br />
TV channels) or a higher place in some established hierarchy (e.g. Washington Post vs. Joe Blogger) use this unfair advantage to buy out the most successful of the small producers (Joe Blogger and Joe Youtuber) in order to reinforce others' dependency on themselves.<br />
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One answer that addresses both problems is to assure maximum interdependence in the design of the system, without creating fixed centers of dependency.<br />
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The first way "maximum inter-dependence" is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by having producers trade in goods and services based on the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, so that in order for someone to consume, redistribute or remix another producer's goods or services they need to pay for those goods or services in joule tokens at the same amount in work energy it took to produce and deliver those goods or services, which means that they have to produce their own goods and services (or produce surplus energy) that they can trade with other producers at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service, e.g. by using joule tokens, which leads to increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
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The second way the "maximum inter-dependence" condition is assured in the P2P Energy Economy is by eliminating monopolies.<br />
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When it comes to monopolies, they are eliminated in the P2P Energy Economy by the following conditions:<br />
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:1. All industries must meet the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
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:::a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
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::b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
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::c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
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::d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
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::e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
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::f. Open Production System: <br />
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:::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
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:::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
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:::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
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:::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
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::g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
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::h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
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::i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
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::j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
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::(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
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:2. Consumers are automatically and anonymously matched to producers based on the required attributes for the given good or service, the producer's lender credits (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) and the affinity between the consumer's and the producer's social, ecological and environmental values.<br />
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:3. Producers are required to share their revenue through lending in order to rank higher as sellers, which assures that in order for a given producer to empower themselves they have to empower everyone.<br />
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It's important to note that the way "increased autonomy through increased interdependence" works without creating fixed centers (or nodes) of dependency is by constantly breaking and rebuilding the interdependency network. <br />
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To explain this point in more detail, the first parameter in the automated, anonymous matching of buyers and sellers is the affinity between the buyer's social, environmental and ecological values and those of the seller and the good or service in question. The second parameter is the affinity between the buyer's specified attributes for the given good or service and those of the available goods or services from all vendors under the same category, which includes the quantity but does not include price since prices for all goods and services in the P2P Energy Economy are based on the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin. The third parameter, which is supplied by the system, is the seller's lender credits. The<br />
priority of each parameter is fixed by the sequence given here.<br />
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Assuming that the buyer keeps his parameters the same (for a given period of time) the only operating variable, when it comes to the final selection, is the seller's lender credits, so the more a seller shares their revenue through zero-interest lending the higher they rank in the pre-final selection and the more revenue they generate,<br />
i.e. the more they share, the more they have.<br />
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The buyer is given a final match based on picking a random seller from the top 30 sellers from the preceding selection, which is akin to buyers clicking on a link from the first three pages of a Google search result, but without the presence of brands or any marketing messages.<br />
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Thus, the P2P Energy Economy enables true autonomy for the individual peer and for the whole economy by continuously breaking and rebuilding the inter-dependency network with each transaction while promoting an increase in the scale of this type of transient interdependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
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==An Economy for Human Beings, Not Insects==<br />
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Most insects are designed to be specialized. <br />
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Most humans are designed to be generalists. <br />
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But in today's economy, most humans are taught to behave exactly like insects. <br />
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The economic and globalization theories in use today (which are based in part on Adam Smith's antiquated treatise) encourage specialization. <br />
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They say let India be the IT provider and let the USA be the creative force. This pattern of specialization is fractal in that it is reflected in each part within such specialized economies, including the USA, where the majority of organizations are highly matrixed containers (or bee hives) of worker bees, with generalists almost absent from the hierarchy, even at the top.<br />
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Generalists find no place in the bee hive unless they demonstrate the particular specialized skill that happens to be needed by the hive, which redefines them as specialists, so while they may continue to think of themselves as generalists, they are rewarded according to a specific set of goals, which continuously move them away from generalization (i.e. specialization in many disciplines) into a confined specialization (specialization in one discipline.) <br />
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There is an ideological movement today that promotes the idea of one achieving autonomy by being self sufficient with no critical dependencies, i.e. a true generalist with expertise in all areas required for survival. Yet, as argued in the previous section true autonomy can only be achieved through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers (see: Increased Autonomy Through Increased Inter-Dependence.)<br />
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Since every peer in the P2P Energy Economy is equally empowered as a producer of energy, goods and service, and since the system promotes maximum inter-dependence, everyone is guaranteed a level of security that is based on their work energy, efficiency and creativity, so no one should need to work _for_ someone else. <br />
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This means that peers with energy surplus, goods or services needed for the production of other goods or services by others are encouraged by the design of the P2P Energy Economy to exchange their surplus energy, goods or services, on equitable basis, with peers who need them (so they may get the goods and services they need for themselves and those they need for producing their own goods and services.)<br />
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Having said that, the P2P Energy Economy enables true autonomy for the individual peer and for the whole economy by continuously breaking and rebuilding the interdependency network with each transaction (see: Increased Autonomy Through Increased Interdependence) while promoting an increase in the scale of such transient interdependence.<br />
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Unlike today's economy, the P2P Energy Economy does not 'pigeon hole' individuals into slots (e.g., doctor, dentist, engineer, scientist, teacher, farmer, poet, musician, etc.) from which they cannot achieve great transformations. It does the opposite by encouraging each peer to have the widest range of specialization, and the widest scale of interdependency, without creating fixed centers dependency, and in doing so it empowers each peer to transform themselves and their environment as only true generalists can.<br />
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==Things Cost Less Over Time==<br />
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Given continuous technological progress, work done today should take less energy to do in the future.<br />
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While that's true for the current economy, the P2P Energy Economy channels the profit motive (or greed) into achieving higher and higher efficiencies in the use of energy (in producing and delivering products and services,) since that is the only way profit can be achieved in the P2P Energy Economy, so given the currency does not lose its work value in energy more and more can be purchased with less and less currency.<br />
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==Good Things Come to Those Who Care==<br />
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In today's economy socially, environmentally and ecologically conscious producers of goods and services are beginning to see increased sales, but only in very limited niches and local markets. <br />
<br />
In the P2P Energy Economy consumers identify, as part of each purchase of goods or services, the required attributes (for the given good or service) as well as their social, environmental and ecological values, which allows them to find producers (of the given good or service) who support their values. This means that money flows more in sync with society's values.<br />
<br />
==The More You Share, The More You Have==<br />
<br />
In the P2P Energy Economy, in order for producers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others. <br />
<br />
The way it works is by rewarding producers who lend money to others (with no interest) with bigger access to the market, such that in order to empower themselves they have to empower others.<br />
<br />
==Using the P2P Trading Application==<br />
<br />
===Security and Trust===<br />
<br />
All interactions in the P2P Energy Economy happen through a secure, open source, P2P trading application that includes simple functions, consisting of: a lender screen, a borrower screen, a producer screen with cost estimation (pricing) for goods and services and separate inventory management functions for energy and for goods and services, a consumer screen with a search function, and an economic data screen with visualization tools to show what's going on with the economy in real-time. <br />
<br />
In addition, the following differentiates the P2P Energy Economy from other online trading communities:<br />
<br />
1) All transactions are done using a virtual currency, which, unlike today's money, is only exchangeable within the P2P trading application <br />
<br />
2) The matching of lenders to borrowers and consumers to producers is done in a fair, buyer-criteria-matched and anonymous fashion, in such a way that the gaming of the system, while not impossible, costs more in energy than it generates. This contrasts with the fact that for online trading communities like eBay and Amazon the gain from gaming the system is much more than the cost of doing so. <br />
<br />
3) Given that access to the P2P Energy Economy is based on an electronic secure ID card that is matched to the person's actual identity (which remains anonymous except in case of committing fraud under the law governing the community, e.g. not delivering a good or service after receiving payment) the system is able to handle such fraud by, e.g. suing the offender in small claims court, and not leave the consumers exposed to predators and con artists, which may be statistically insignificant pain for eBay and Amazon but extremely giant pain for the consumer who gets ripped off.<br />
<br />
===Transparency and Visualization===<br />
<br />
If the current model of the economy proved anything it is that even people who have accumulated billions of dollars in wealth, e.g. Warren Buffet, have no idea which actions to take in which sequence to get the economy back on track, and that's because there isn't any way to view what's going on with the economy in one place. People can only make educated guesses about what happens in the economy, and only after it has happened. In other words, there is no way to tell for sure what's happening in the current economy (due to lack of complete transparency) so there is no way to fix it without costly trial and error.<br />
<br />
The P2P Energy Economy not only comes with a tools for selling, buying, lending and borrowing but it also a visualization module that allows each user to see what's all that is happening in the economy at any given moment. And unlike tools for visualizing the stock market, which is highly ineffective since the stock market is as predictable as the roll of a dice, the visualization tools for the P2P Energy Economy provide reliable predictive data for decision making, which can be used with high degree of confidence by the users to collectively control of the economy: <br />
<br />
:1) Predicted short-term demand for energy by nodes with deficit vs. total available supply of energy from nodes with surplus, per the given time period. <br />
<br />
:2) Predicted short-term demand for each given good or service vs. the total available supply of that good or service from all producers of that good or service, per the given time period.<br />
<br />
:3) Predicted short-term demand for capital by peers with deficit vs. the total available supply of capital from peers with surplus, per the given time period.<br />
<br />
===Working With The User Interface===<br />
<br />
[The User Manual sections to be filled out after the use cases have been specified including screen mockups of the P2P trading application.]<br />
<br />
=Model Development=<br />
<br />
All sections under Model Development are intended for those interested in the design and development of the P2P Energy Economy, not the end user.<br />
<br />
For those interested in the model's design and development, a full view of the model can only be obtained by reading both the User Manual sections as well as the Model Development sections. <br />
<br />
==Model's Goal==<br />
<br />
Money is one of the fundamental elements of today's society.<br />
<br />
Changing what money is and how it works will fundamentally change society itself.<br />
<br />
The model described herein is developed in the hope of stimulating people to think different about money, energy and the economy, and to apply the model in their own off-the-grid communities, or join us in our game/simulation project (see: Collaboration.)<br />
<br />
==Model's Context==<br />
<br />
This model may be viewed as a design pattern for the emerging P2P economy, and, more specifically, the emerging P2P energy economy.<br />
<br />
One of the key enablers of the 'P2P Economy,' as defined by this model, is the requirement that the individuals (or peers) within it are connected to each other via the Internet (or some Internet-like network) and that all transactions within the economy are conducted online through a standard P2P trading application, including mobile phone clients for conducting transactions on the go.<br />
<br />
The P2P trading application only allows trading in goods and services that meet the conditions for sustainable abundance defined under this model, i.e.: goods and services (and their ingredients) that can be produced and delivered per the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
<br />
:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
<br />
:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
<br />
:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
<br />
:f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
<br />
::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
<br />
::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
<br />
::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
<br />
:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
<br />
:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
<br />
:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
<br />
:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
<br />
The 'P2P Energy Economy,' as defined by this model, includes the requirement that enough peers must be able to generate their own energy as well as be able to sell their excess energy to other nodes in the economy (e.g. other peers, charging stations, electric bus/train grid, and neighboring communities) via a decentralized electric grid, aka "SmartGrid" (reference: P2P Energy Production.)<br />
<br />
This model is designed for an "off-the-grid" community, not for an arbitrarily large society, where, in the latter, people may or may not be able to generate their own energy (e.g. people living in apartment buildings.)<br />
<br />
It's expected that the community mandates certain criteria, e.g. solar, wind, renewable sources, with local storage, and a scalable decentralized electric grid. <br />
<br />
Having said that, this model is designed and intended to co-exist with the current economy, while helping society transition to an abundance-sustaining economy and away from the current scarcity-enforcing economy.<br />
<br />
==Model’s Axioms==<br />
<br />
The following are the basic facts about this model:<br />
<br />
1. The definition of energy under this model is limited to energy that is producible and deliverable on continuous, decentralized, renewable, scalable basis.<br />
<br />
2. Enough peers exist who wish to produce energy for themselves and sell the surplus.<br />
<br />
3. The supply of energy is matched to the demand for energy at the work-value of energy, in joules, i.e. anyone who needs energy can purchase it at its work value in joules in a fixed 1:1 exchange ratio with the currency. <br />
<br />
4. Tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
<br />
5. The definition of goods and services under this model is limited to those that are produced by industries that meet the conditions for sustainable abundance, which are, namely:<br />
<br />
:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
<br />
:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
<br />
:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
<br />
:f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
<br />
::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
<br />
::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
<br />
::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
<br />
:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
<br />
:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
<br />
:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
<br />
:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
<br />
6. The price of a given good or service is the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin, where the said cost in work energy is based on the average volume of production calculated from predicted short-term demand reported by the inventory management systems of all producers of that good or service. <br />
<br />
7. The use-value of energy (and the use-value of the currency which tokenizes the energy) increases over time due to increase in the efficiency of production processes (for energy, goods and services) which is brought by technological progress. <br />
<br />
8. Most peers would be willing to make loans (using money as defined here) in return for credit points that rank them higher as sellers.<br />
<br />
9. Most peers agree on what constitutes socially, environmentally and ecologically intelligent judgment, e.g. less toxins in food and water, more clean energy, less waste.<br />
<br />
10. Enough peers exist who wish to create and share their creations via equitable trade (at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given creation) without a profit motive, i.e. for the love of the craft.<br />
<br />
==Model’s Propositions==<br />
<br />
The following are the main propositions of this model:<br />
<br />
1. Provide an energy based currency that has a fixed work value and a use value that only increases over time.<br />
<br />
2. Enable trading in goods and services, including work itself, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, such that anyone who wishes to get a given good or service can get it at the cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service. <br />
<br />
3. Enable trading in goods and services, including work itself, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, such that anyone who wishes to get a given good or service can get it at the cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service.<br />
<br />
4. Direct the flow of money into higher production efficiencies for energy, goods and services.<br />
<br />
5. Direct the flow of money towards socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services.<br />
<br />
6. Enable a model of the economy where in order for peers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others, i.e., “the more you share, the more you have.”<br />
<br />
7. Enable increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
<br />
==P2P Programmable Currency==<br />
<br />
===Original Idea===<br />
<br />
If we had a networked, programmable currency then I could tell my money to exchange itself only for goods/services that are made by vendors who care about the planet AND who have donated to my chosen candidate for President.<br />
<br />
I can be as particular as I want and my money should do the figuring out of whom to pay itself to, based on rules I supply, and based on information it can access about the parties I’m trading with.<br />
<br />
Another example for networked, programmable currency is to enforce rules on the spending of a daily/weekly/monthly amount of my own money that I let my kids use (luckily no kids yet) so they don’t buy food that contains unhealthy ingredients.<br />
<br />
The new networked, programmable money should abandon the idea of paying interest on borrowed money. There is so much debt in the system that it will take decades to get rid of it and return the economy to normal functioning. The interest on debt is like bad cholesterol. While it fattens the economy, it ultimately clogs the global economic arteries and can lead to economic failure, as it has done (see: global economic meltdown 2008.)<br />
<br />
If you lend money to someone you should be able to get your money back and get “Lender Credit” points that would replace today’s “hamster wheel” concept of credit rating, which was designed to encourage people to buy money with money, e.g. buying $1,000 for $1,110, which is punishing to borrower. <br />
<br />
Instead of being rated on your timeliness in paying back money borrowed + interest, you should be rated on how much you’ve lent others. This way people can dictate that their money is to be exchanged for goods/services only from providers with N “good will” points or more.<br />
<br />
Maybe a good place to try this P2P currency (or “Money 2.0″) would be in an online virtual world?<br />
<br />
===Follow-up and Clarification===<br />
<br />
I should add a clarification here that the rules imposed on the exchange of this new currency (as defined in this post) do not last beyond the singular transaction. In other words, if I restrict my money to spend itself on organic food only, the grocery store that sells me the organic food will no longer have those rules imposed on the money I paid to them. They can enforce their own rules on it, whatever they may be, and then use it to buy stuff with, and so on…<br />
<br />
As to the 1-dimensional value system that is imposed by the current definition of money, i.e. the numerical (or “price”) value, I think it is only a matter of time before this value system goes from being 1-dimensional to N-dimensional. The reason the value system that is imposed by the current definition of money is limited to just the numerical dimension, i.e. price, is because it is assumed that people do their own research/homework when trading with others and make their decision to trade based on that. What I’m suggesting is for the new currency to have more than just a numerical value for a value system, i.e. other values that are programmed/re-programmed into it by every user of that money, thereby allowing the automation and streamlining of trading decisions.<br />
<br />
The key argument here, besides the point about the need to abandon “interest,” is that the value system that is ‘explicit’ in the definition of money is 1-dimensional, i.e. the “price,” or numerical value, and there is no excuse for having this 1-dimensional value system when we have computers, the Internet and the ability to implement an _explicitly_ multidimensional value system as the basis for a new currency for the future P2P economy.<br />
<br />
===Buyer-Seller Affinity Matrix===<br />
<br />
The Affinity Matrix allows the explicit definition of a multidimensional value system, or set of criteria that represent the buyer’s social, ecological and economic values as applicable to the seller and the given good or service (or the "thing.")<br />
<br />
The use of the Affinity Matrix by buyers of goods and services should direct the flow of money to socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services. This affinity matrix does this by adding value dimensions for the thing itself and the seller so that people move from being price-conscious to being socially, ecologically, and environmentally conscious.<br />
<br />
The purpose of the affinity matrix is to direct money from the buyer (of a given product) to sellers with whom he/she has the largest affinity. As a buyer, you’d declare your social, ecological, environmental and economic values which get matched against the seller’s values, in all those dimensions, but you’d also need to declare the thing’s (good or service) values (or attributes,) e.g. if the thing is “cucumbers” then you may specify ‘Organic.’ <br />
<br />
To do this, money that's allocated to the purchase of some product, e.g. 5 joule tokens to spend this month on cucumbers, has to carry some transient (transactional) information (or transaction metadata.) Making this transaction metadata explicit and multidimensional (i.e. seller’s values, thing’s values, transaction’s values) allows people to make intelligent decisions as to whom to buy from based on their affinity to the buyer in those value dimensions.<br />
<br />
The Affinity Matrix requires that existence of standards for transparency (on the part of producers) that are followed by all producers. For example, all packaged foods sold in the US must carry a label indicating all ingredients. Organic producers have a certifying organization that certifies their farming processes, and so on. The more such standards exist and the more they're followed (e.g. by law) then more realistic this idea becomes.<br />
<br />
The Affinity Matrix applies only to goods and services that are traded using the currency defined under this model, i.e virtual joule tokens.<br />
<br />
The definition of goods and services under this model do not include money, i.e. do not include peer loans, because the specification of a price by the buyer (i.e. what they're willing to pay) would, in the case of money, be equivalent to buying money with money and that would be equal to ‘interest.’ Another reason that the affinity concept should not be applied to money is to avoid putting any constraint (selection criteria) on borrowers by lenders (or vice versa) and to guarantee that everyone can borrow up to the limit corresponding to their Borrower Credit rating (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) <br />
<br />
The definition of goods and services under this model does not include electricity because electricity needs to flow from nodes with surplus to nodes with deficit without any other criteria, so that no node is constrained by lack of sufficient electrical power. <br />
<br />
When it comes to 'circumstantially scarce' things as a category, the Affinity Matrix does not apply because the buyer criteria when it comes to scarce things involve competition with others for limited resources, which often trumps all or most of the buyer's social, ecological and environmental values (as they apply to the seller, thing, and transaction.)<br />
However, this excluded category keeps shrinking as we find ways to remove the circumstances for scarcity for an increasing number of things.<br />
<br />
==Lender and Borrower Credits==<br />
<br />
In addition to the circulation of money through its exchange for energy, goods and services, the circulation of money through Lending and Borrowing is needed to keep money flowing from peers with surplus to peers with deficit. <br />
<br />
The problem with “interest” being the incentive for lending today is that it’s used to derive more money for the lender, which has nothing wrong with it, but it comes at the expense of the borrower, which is problematic at best.<br />
<br />
In other words, “interest” rewards lenders and punishes borrowers. What we need is a replacement of interest as an incentive for lender. Something that would reward lender without punishing the borrower.<br />
<br />
Lender Credits, as defined here, are credit points that are given to peers (with accounting maintained by P2P Bank) who lend money to other peers, based on how much they've lent to others. <br />
<br />
These Lender Credits can be used when Lender becomes a producer or seller of goods and services. In this case, his/her credit points will be used to rank them as sellers, so when people search for a certain product (imagine a P2P community search engine) they will show up higher in the search results the more credit points they have. This means that instead of interest, i.e. time value of money, we move to a peer production value of money, or in other words, the value of what can be produced with N tokens of currency and M degrees of access to the P2P goods and services market. So lending, under this model, allows the lender to accumulate credit points that give him/her a larger access to the market. A key consideration for the lender is to balance how much he/she lends vs how much they invest in the production of new goods and services. Gaining the largest possible access to market, through accumulation of credit points, is of little use if lender does not invest in increased production of goods and services. This is no different than the balance needed today between investing in production vs marketing.<br />
<br />
Borrower Credits, as defined here, are credit points that are given to peers (with accounting maintained by P2P Bank) based on their Lender Credits as adjusted downward in proportion to the amount of money they've borrowed that they've yet to pay and the number of active suspensions. Borrower Credits are used to determine how much money a borrower can borrow. When a borrower fails to pay back a loan (given in virtual joule tokens) their borrower credits become suspended until they have paid back the loan. The suspension last only until the borrower pays back the defaulting loan.<br />
<br />
Lender and Borrower Credits, as a model, achieve a few important things:<br />
<br />
:1. Allows lenders to be rewarded without using interest<br />
<br />
:2. Motivates lenders to become producers of goods and services (i.e. to become more than just a lender, which is consistent with the vision of a P2P economy where everyone is both consumer and producer)<br />
<br />
:3. Allows lenders to build borrower credit (for borrowing) by lending others <br />
<br />
The model for Lending and Borrower Credits, as an incentive for lending, is based on the assumption that in the P2P economy everyone is a producer/seller and a consumer/buyer of goods and services, aka prosumer, and everyone trades using a P2P trading application that uses a search engine that works with Lending Credits the same way Google works with advertiser dollar-amount bids on keywords. The idea is to give lenders a number of credit points (based on how they've lent) that rank them higher as sellers (similar to advertiser ranking in Google search) which increases their revenue as sellers, which in turn provides an incentive for lending, and so on. The number of credit points a lenders gets is based on how much they’ve loaned.<br />
<br />
Since lender credit points can only be obtained via the act of lending, this model should encourage people to keep lending in order to increase their borrower credit to borrow more in order to invest in producing more good and services, which gives them more money to lend, which in turn allows them to increase their lender credit rating, which increases their rank as sellers, which allows them to make more money, and so on. <br />
<br />
If a given peer defaults on payments beyond the grace period for the loan, they will have their borrower credits suspended and they won't be able to borrow again until they have paid the defaulting loan. The obvious way out for peers is to conserve their own use of energy and sell the rest to make money which they can use to pay back the defaulted loan, invest in new energy generation capacity, make more goods and services to sell, and/or lend more to sell more. This model does not prevent someone with no common sense from getting in a hole but it does provide an easy way out, unlike the current model, and that's because people can make money from their energy generation, and given there is an upward trend for energy usage (as population and land mass grows), peers will always be able to make money from energy production. The subtle part about this is that money is energy under this model, so as long as people can generate energy they should never starve, no matter how badly they behave with respect to this model. In other words, this model is resilient with respect to bad behavior, and not intolerant.<br />
<br />
Since borrowing is the most leveraged means for growing a peer's production of goods and services, which in turn generate more money for the peer that can be lent to others to increase the peer's borrowing capacity, and so on, and given that loans are interest free, it's not expected that peers would stop borrowing. <br />
<br />
If a borrower is eligible for an amount to borrow, per their borrower credit, but no lenders (collectively) exist to lend the money, which is only likely to happen if the amount the borrower wants to borrow is larger than the amount available (collectively) from all available lenders. In that case, the borrower would have to lower the amount they want to borrow.<br />
<br />
==P2P Energy Currency==<br />
<br />
===The Origin of the Idea===<br />
<br />
A very interesting idea suggested by Michel Bauwens of [http://p2pfoundation.net/ P2P Foundation] is to connect the P2P currency to P2P energy (reference: P2P Energy Production) in an implicit fashion. <br />
<br />
However, without an explicit connection between energy and the currency it wouldn't be possible to trade in goods and services at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, which is key to assuring fair compensation and equitable exchange, which are key to sustainable abundance.<br />
<br />
Therefore, the currency developed in this model has an explicit connection to energy.<br />
<br />
===Introducing The Idea===<br />
<br />
There is an existing movement towards a SmartGrid-powered economy (reference: P2P Energy Production) that allows individuals to produce electricity to power their homes and peer production of goods and services and then send the extra capacity to the grid for others to use, and get compensated for the energy they send into the grid.<br />
<br />
The idea for P2P energy production will take some time to mature but there are already localized implementation of SmartGrid that allow businesses to play the role of a small electric utility.<br />
<br />
Taking the Smart Grid further, we say that since solar, wind and bio-fuel energy is abundant then why not use this abundant resource (that anyone can produce) to create a type of currency where the tokens of the currency (i.e. the money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
<br />
===P2P Bank===<br />
<br />
P2P Bank is an open, automated, system for orchestrating energy and capital flows between peers.<br />
<br />
P2P Bank is implemented as an open, virtually centralized, physically decentralized set of processes that is embedded into the architecture of the P2P trading application(see: Model's Context.) <br />
<br />
====Currency Creation====<br />
<br />
At the start of the economy (as a process,) P2P Bank makes a general request for energy inventory replenishment from _all_ peers, e.g. 1 trillion Joules (or whatever appropriate starting level for the given community/economy), and accepts a given quantity of energy from each peer, on first come first taken basis, based on a supplier scheduling algorithm that takes into account multiple factors such as: peer reliability (historical ability to fulfill replenishment request) and other factors (TBD) in diversity maximizing way to avoid creating unsustainable dependence on certain peers or certain categories of peers. Note that, as a result of this many-to-many mapping process, the producers and consumers are never known to each other, which adds to the security of the system without sacrificing transparency since all the demand/supply data related to energy is available to all.<br />
<br />
Given that peers produce their own energy, the most likely reason they'd need more energy is to invest it in producing goods and services. <br />
<br />
P2P Bank builds an initial short term-inventory of energy by paying the peers using newly created tokens that are equal in work-value to the amount of energy (in joules) to be stored in this short-term inventory. These "virtual joule tokens" (or joule tokens for short) have a fixed, work value (in joules) where the use-value of energy (what a given number of joules can produce in energy, goods and services per the given production technology) depends on the efficiency of the production technology. Since supply of energy never exceeds demand for energy (where the work-value of energy is its price in joule tokens) anyone who needs energy can get it at its work value in Joules.<br />
<br />
P2P Bank sells the energy in this short term inventory to peers with energy deficit who pay using joule tokens, which is the currency (money) in this model. <br />
<br />
After the initial inventory build-up, P2P Bank will make periodic requests for replenishment based on a predictive demand/supply matching algorithm (see: P2P Energy Management), which requires a start-up/warm-up period during which historical inventory data is captured to enable dynamic inventory replenishment, P2P Bank will accept a total quantity of energy that is matched to predicted short-term demand. The peers fulfill the replenishment request on first come first taken basis. The quantity accepted from each peer is based on a supplier scheduling algorithm that takes into account multiple factors such as: peer reliability (historical ability to fulfill replenishment requests) and other factors (TBD) in such a way as to avoid creating unsustainable dependence on certain individual peers or certain types of peers.<br />
<br />
P2P Bank create new joule tokens whenever it needs to pay for inventory but does not have any existing tokens. In other words, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
<br />
It's important to note that the tokens (currency) are not created from potential energy stored for use at some undetermined point in future but from the active short-term inventory that's closely matched to demand, i.e. immediately usable energy. So when the tokens are created they hold the work value of already spent energy rather than a potential value (of stored energy,) which is a subjective and based on the probability that the energy will get used. <br />
<br />
It's also important to note that, under this model, there is not need to reduce the tokens (currency) in circulation because the material basis for the economy is not the potential energy available to the economy, which can be more abundant than all possible use in the short term, leading to overflow of currency in circulation beyond what's usable in the short term, but the land mass (mass = utilization density * volume) encompassed by the economy, which grows as the population grows, both of which in turn require more energy and hence the ever increasing need for currency.<br />
<br />
A key aspect of this model is that, while each joule token created can be exchanged at any time in 1:1 ratio for electric energy (1 joule in work value of spent energy tokenized by the token for each 1 joule of electric energy), P2P Bank does not store the equivalent in joules of electric energy for the joule tokens it creates. That's because, under this model, energy is abundant on sustainable basis, i.e. anyone who wishes to purchase energy at its work value (i.e. in 1:1 ratio with the joule token currency) can do so. <br />
<br />
The problem of minimizing demand/supply mismatches between peers in a P2P network, whether it's demand/supply for energy or lending capital, is that we end up with a nonconvex continuous optimization problem. Several numerical/heuristic approaches exist, including particle swarm optimization (incl. thermodynamic variant.) However, they are not designed for real-time optimization because the search space is usually huge and there are many local optima (suboptimal solutions) which cannot be known beforehand, which makes it unlikely to find the global optimum in real-time regardless of number of initial guesses and speed (assuming finite speed computation.) <br />
<br />
To simplify the problem of minimizing supply/demand mismatches in a P2P network, P2P Bank (which is a virtually centralized, physically distributed process) is created in order to serialize all inputs and outputs so that all rain drops gather in one spot (P2P Bank inventory acts as a funnel) as opposed to rain drops gathering in many different spots depending on where each rain drop falls (i.e. all initial guesses for the optimization algorithm lead to the same globally optimal solution.) In other words, the problem is converted to a convex optimization problem.<br />
<br />
The other reason for having P2P Bank (besides providing virtually centralized inventory management for energy and lending capital) as a major component of this otherwise fully decentralized peer production model, besides the fact that it's needed for [open, verifiable] currency creation and [open, verifiable] lender and borrower credit accounting, is to make sure that every peer that needs energy or lending capital can get it at the work value of energy or the currency, respectively, which is a fixed value, specified for both using the same unit (the joule.)<br />
<br />
===='P2P Energy' Management====<br />
<br />
Abundance without sustainability leads to scarcity. <br />
<br />
Abundance in energy can only come from having many equally empowered peers producing electricity not from one or few major suppliers. <br />
<br />
Sustainable abundance in energy requires close matching of demand and supply at the work value of energy (not at the so-called "equilibrium price," which artificially limits demand to meet circumstantially limited supply, and not at a price above this so-called equilibrium price, where supply is artificially limited, and not at zero price, which is not sustainable, but at the actual work value of energy in joules which are exchangeable at 1:1 ratio with the "joule token" currency used here.) This implies that anyone who wishes to get any amount of energy can do so at the actual work value of that energy in joule tokens.<br />
<br />
Below is a simple predictive algorithm for matching demand and supply:<br />
<br />
:1. P2P Bank takes historical inventory utilization data (during the start-up period) and calculate a Gaussian distribution with a Mean and Covariance and provide an inventory level prediction at a set time in the future.<br />
<br />
:2. P2P Bank compares the inventory level prediction to a first P2P Bank-set low inventory threshold.<br />
<br />
:3. P2P Bank compares the inventory level prediction to a second P2P Bank-set high inventory threshold.<br />
<br />
:4. P2P Bank requests energy replenishment from peers if the predicted level is below the low inventory threshold, or cancel existing requests if the predicted level is above the high inventory threshold. P2P Bank manages the response to its replenishment request by accepting a given quantity of energy from each peer, on first come first taken basis, based on a supplier scheduling algorithm that takes into account multiple factors such as: peer reliability (historical ability to fulfill replenishment request) and other factors (TBD) in diversity maximizing way to avoid creating unsustainable dependence on certain peers or certain categories of peers. Note that, as a result of this many-to-many mapping process, the producers and consumers are never known to each other, which adds to the security of the system without sacrificing transparency since all the demand/supply data related to energy is available to all.<br />
<br />
:5. P2P Bank records time dependent data related to inventory consumption and replenishment.<br />
<br />
:6. P2P Bank calculates time dependent cumulative-forecast consumption, cumulative-forecast replenishment, cumulative actual consumption, and cumulative actual replenishment.<br />
<br />
:7. P2P Bank uses the new data to update the Gaussian distribution, Mean and Covariance, and calculate a new predicted inventory level for the next time period.<br />
<br />
It's important to note that the P2P Bank inventory is virtually centralized (as an algorithm) and physically decentralized.<br />
<br />
It's also important to note that peers have their own short-term storage as part of their P2P energy generation setup. This way they can store surplus energy (e.g. generated when the sun is out or when there is wind power) and use it when the source of energy (sun, wind) is no longer there. However, the locally stored energy only serves the peers' day-to-day energy needs and is not sufficient for powering the production of goods and services on mass basis, be them physical or virtual (think of the energy need for powering a bunch of always-on blade servers or CNC machines, etc) so, in order to scale up peer production of goods and services, peers would have to purchase energy from P2P Bank and/or invest in their energy generation infrastructure then offload surplus energy (in times of low peer industrial activity) to P2P Bank.<br />
<br />
===='P2P Lending' Management====<br />
<br />
As with the use of virtually centralized, predictive inventory management system for P2P Energy Management a similar virtually centralized predictive inventory system is needed for P2P lending management to match supply and demand for lending capital at the fixed work value of the currency (the joule tokens.)<br />
<br />
P2P Bank maintains a predictive inventory for 'lending capital' by which the supply of 'lending capital' is matched to demand using the same exact process by which the supply of surplus P2P energy is matched to demand. <br />
<br />
As with P2P Energy Management, the many-to-many mapping process means that lenders and borrowers are never known to each other, which adds to the security of the system without sacrificing transparency since all the demand/supply data related to lending capital is available to all.<br />
<br />
===Joule Tokens===<br />
<br />
Humans, computers, cars, factories, homes, roads and everything that performs 'work' or that is used to perform work have a continuous cost of energy (see: [http://p2pfoundation.net/Thermoeconomics Thermoeconomics].) <br />
<br />
Any work done by human beings, animals, insects and machines and any work done the planet itself requires energy. The planet gets its energy primarily from the sun and has built all its creative and transformative work processes to take advantage of the sun, wind, water, chemistry of the earth (and whatever might have fallen on it from outer space) and uses the earth's electromagnetic field, which is generated by the planet's rotation, to protect the life it creates from being destroyed.<br />
<br />
If the planet can create all known life from the sun, wind, water and its chemistry then we can use the same to create what we need, and that's what we have been doing, and we just need to start doing it on sustainable, abundant basis.<br />
<br />
But even if we were to get our energy from super-efficient fusion reator we will still need energy to maintain (in the short-term) and upgrade (in the long term) the reactor or else it will fall behind our demand for energy or simply fails. While the energy to maintain the reactor can come from the super-efficient reactor itself, we still need to move that energy from the reactor to the farmer who makes the food for the scientists who then perform the maintenance and upgrades for the reactor. In this simple scenario, we need to move the energy to the scientist who then needs to move some of it to the farmer who gives it back to the scientist in the form of food so that the scientist can have the energy to perform the maintenance and upgrades on the reactor. <br />
<br />
It’s the equitable and efficient flow of energy that has to be ensured between all nodes within the economy.<br />
<br />
In this model, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them.<br />
<br />
The idea behind using such tokens as the currency, where the absolute work value of each token is created from the increase in energy flows, is to enable the flow of the currency in one direction and the flow of goods and services in the opposite direction, in such a way that the energy used in producing and delivering those goods and services is recouped in an equitable and efficient manner, which cannot be done using the existing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) because the existing currency does not have an absolute work value and its use value is determined by many factors.<br />
<br />
The case for using renewable, clean energy, e.g. fusion, solar, wind, bio-fuel, as opposed to fission reactors or coal etc is two fold:<br />
<br />
:1. Renewable energy is abundant which means that it can be accessed and harnessed by everyone. Having said this, it’s important to note that sustainable abundance comes from a regulated whole not unregulated individuals (see: P2P Energy Management.) <br />
<br />
:2. Minimal cost to environment.<br />
<br />
When it comes to the choice of energy units, the Joule is an international unit that measures the work value of energy.<br />
<br />
One joule is the amount of energy required to perform the following actions:<br />
<br />
* The work done by a force of one newton traveling through a distance of one meter;<br />
* The work required to move an electric charge of one coulomb through an electrical <br />
potential difference of one volt; or one coulomb volt, with the symbol C·V;<br />
* The work done to produce power of one watt continuously for one second; or one watt <br />
second (compare kilowatt hour), with the symbol W·s. Thus a kilowatt hour is 3,600,000 <br />
joules or 3.6 megajoules;<br />
* The kinetic energy of a 2 kg mass moving at a velocity of 1 m/s. The energy is linear <br />
in the mass but quadratic in the velocity, being given by E = ½mv²;<br />
<br />
1 joule is approximately equal to:<br />
<br />
* 6.2415 ×1018 eV (electronvolts)<br />
* 0.2390 cal (calorie) (small calories, lower case c)<br />
* 2.3901 ×10−4 kilocalorie, Calories (food energy, upper case C)<br />
* 9.4782 ×10−4 BTU (British thermal unit)<br />
* 0.7376 ft·lbf (foot-pound force)<br />
* 23.7 ft·pdl (foot poundals)<br />
* 2.7778 ×10−7 kilowatt hour<br />
* 2.7778 ×10−4 watt hour<br />
* 9.8692 ×10−3 litre-atmosphere<br />
<br />
Example of units defined in terms of their joule equivalent:<br />
<br />
* 1 thermochemical calorie = 4.184 J<br />
* 1 International Table calorie = 4.1868 J<br />
* 1 watt hour = 3600 J<br />
* 1 kilowatt hour = 3.6 ×106 J (or 3.6 MJ)<br />
* 1 ton TNT exploding = 4.184 GJ<br />
<br />
What is tokenized (converted to tokens) by the currency defined under this model (in units of say 10,000 joules) is the increase (or delta) in the flow of electric energy from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them. <br />
<br />
It's important to note that while goods and services are priced at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them (as opposed to the energy they carry,) the currency under this model is numerated at the work value in joules of the energy it carries and that's because currency is not exchanged at the cost it takes to make it but the value it represents, which, in this case, is the absolute work value in joules of the energy that it tokenizes. <br />
<br />
[needed: a diagram showing how tokens are created and how they gain their value]<br />
<br />
When it comes to 'circumstantially scarce' things, e.g. land, gold, real estate, etc, the virtual joule token, as a currency, does not apply because scarce things involve competition for limited resources, which means that scarce things are priced based on the fact that demand is much higher than supply, i.e. their value is driven, in a great part, by their scarcity, which makes them compatible with the existing currency, where the work value of the currency is relative and derived, in great part, from its scarcity, and incompatible with the currency defined under this model, where the work value of the currency is measurable, in a fixed way, in joules in virtual tokens that can be used to buy those goods and services that can be produced and delivered on continuous, decentralized, renewable, scalable basis at the median cost in work energy used to produce and deliver them.<br />
<br />
The good news is that our human ingenuity combined with the pressures of a growing population are pushing us to eliminate the circumstances of scarcity in many areas. A good first example is scarcity in content, including software, music, videos, news and information in general, which has been eliminated by the Internet, but such abundance still needs to be made sustainable, by enabling content creators to recoup their spent energy (the energy used in making and delivering their good or service) thus eliminating the 'starving artist' syndrome, where artists give so much energy because they want to create but do not receive much energy in return. A second example is scarcity in energy, which is being eliminated by the emergence of renewable energy as a primary source of energy, and where the sustainable abundance of energy can be enabled by this model.<br />
<br />
===Joule Token Value Dynamics===<br />
<br />
Let's say that each joule token is created for each 10,000 joules increase (or delta) in electric energy flow from nodes with electric energy surplus to nodes with electric energy deficit. <br />
<br />
Let's say the economy uses 10^24 joules a year.<br />
<br />
In 20 years this 1 joule token will still have 10,000 joules, which is the work value of the token. Let's say the economy has grown substantially, and despite energy use becoming, e.g. 10X, more efficient in those 20 years, the economy uses more energy, e.g. 10^26, i.e. 100X more. That does not mean that 1 joule token is now worth 100X less in energy, i.e. 500 joules. It will still worth be worth 10,000 joules in work value. It also does not mean that 1 joule token is worth 100X less relative to the price of goods and services (i.e. the token's use value) because the joule token continues to carry 10,000 joules (i.e. same value in energy) while the price of goods and services, which under the model is based on the cost of energy to produce and deliver the good or service, decreases at the same ratio as the increase in the efficiency of energy use, i.e. by 10X (due to progress in production technology for goods and services) so 1 joule token will be able to buy 10X more in goods and services in 20 years, not 100X less, i.e. its use value increases.<br />
<br />
===Fair Exchange (Model Development Section)===<br />
<br />
In today's economy, everything is priced subjectively, i.e. based on subjective value, that's driven in great part by artificial or circumstantial scarcity, using relatively valued currency, where the value of the currency itself is driven in great part by its artificial scarcity. So to start pricing things in terms of the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them will require the development of energy costing models for manufactured goods and services but once the energy costing models are developed the process of estimation (through software) can then become a realistic objective.<br />
<br />
Technically speaking, in the P2P Energy Economy, tokens of the currency (i.e. money) are created in proportion to the increase in the amount of electric energy flow from nodes with energy surplus to nodes with energy deficit, including households, charging stations, electric vehicle grid, and neighboring communities, which is then converted by those nodes into new work energy, which gives the tokens a real and absolute work value (in joules) in spent energy, which enables its use in trading the goods and services defined under this economy, at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them.<br />
<br />
Producers who achieve higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service realize a profit margin due to their reduced cost in work energy.<br />
<br />
In addition, producers who use their creativity and invest in R&D to produce an improved version of a given good or service take a risk in doing so and are either rewarded with higher sales, which together with the profit margin from higher efficiency, can lead to substantially higher net profit for the producer, but, if the new version fails to create higher demand, they can end up with a loss.<br />
<br />
This means that both efficiency and creativity are encouraged in the P2P Energy Economy (driven in both cases by a positive profit motive that contributes to sustainability and progress) with creativity being a risk/reward game.<br />
<br />
In addition to profit achieve through higher efficiency and creative risk taking, all producers (who are human) require a margin of reward regardless of their efficiency of creativity. This is because human beings need to rest and enjoy the fruit of their labor and are not able to convert energy into work product all the time, i.e. some of that energy must be used for enjoyment as well as just idling around.<br />
<br />
So a fixed reward margin needs to be added above the median cost in work energy it takes a human producer to produce and deliver a given good or service.<br />
<br />
In order to trade in goods and services, including work as a service, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service plus a fixed reward margin, we have to move away from the existing dynamics of scarcity and the existing resistance to evolution. In other words, the conditions for sustainable abundance and evolution, given below, must be satisfied.<br />
<br />
:a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable) <br />
<br />
:b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
:c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources) <br />
<br />
:d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
:e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.) <br />
<br />
:f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy. <br />
<br />
::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material) <br />
<br />
::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool. <br />
<br />
::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system. <br />
<br />
:g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service) <br />
<br />
:h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.) <br />
<br />
:i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.) <br />
<br />
:j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.) <br />
<br />
:(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.) <br />
<br />
For example, if health care (as an industry) was to meet the above conditions for sustainable abundance, a visit to the dentist should not cost more than what it takes in median work energy to produce and deliver it plus a fixed reward margin, which would be a very low price compared to today's prices. But in order for health care to meet the sustainable abundance conditions one of the first things that has to happen is automation (or increased efficiency) not just of IT but of medical procedures. For examples, today, robots are used by surgeons to perform sensitive surgeries to remove tumors with a much greater degree of accuracy than procedures performed by hand. It is very possible to replace the surgeon altogether with robotic surgeon technology that can visualize the tumor in 3D to the finest detail and use a combination of focused radiation beam (or gamma ray laser) to annihilate the tumor in place. It would take a few minutes and a relatively small amount of electricity. The second step in the process of making this type of surgery (as a service) sustainably abundant, the robot technology has to be open sourced and copied at no charge by anyone wishing to manufacture the robot, under a license where the originator only gets to enforce social and moral rights, e.g. attribution, share-alike, etc. Having said that, there will still need to be a human in charge of operating the surgical robot, but that human does not have to be a highly skilled surgeon since the surgical robot will minimize the challenge to a supervisory task requiring only moderate intelligence (or common sense) and some training, which would enable the abundance in surgery capabilities by significantly reducing the degree of specialization required. <br />
<br />
So in a world where everyone who wishes to get a given good or service can do so at the median cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service plus a fixed reward margin (for the producer), which in many cases represents a very low price compared to today's prices, why not just give everything and get everything for free using "non-reciprocal exchange" (or gifting)?<br />
<br />
Getting and giving goods and services for free (as in a gift economy or a generalized exchange) does not lead to a sustainable abundance in those goods and services. The reasons for that are:<br />
<br />
:1. If a given good or service can be obtained for free then some people may want a very large or endless supply of it without compensating the producers for the cost in work energy it takes to produce those goods and services. For example, if Internet bandwidth was free to all and people had an insatiable appetite for digital content then, at some point, there will be more demand for it than can be produced and delivered without further investments, and if those using the bandwidth do not compensate the producers for it in an equitable manner (i.e. by allowing the producers to recoup the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver extra bandwidth to meet increased demand) then the system will not be able to meet that demand. In other words, either the demand for the given good or service happens to be small or it has to be limited, which does not equate to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
:2. If there are more people who are inclined to take more than they give then they will have an unfair allocation of the available resources than people who are inclined to give more than they take, which causes the latter population to suffer and ultimately shrink leading to a dominant majority of people who are inclined to take more than give, which is an unsustainable situation and does not lead to sustainable abundance. <br />
<br />
For example, when it comes to digital content, if too many people hog the bandwidth, downloading terabytes of mp3s and software etc at a fixed $40 a month cost (the ISP monthly fee) then the network will meltdown, and it doesn't matter if it's a wireless mesh or the current internet.<br />
<br />
In order to perpetuate the production of a given resource, e.g. mp3 downloads, the continuous cost of work energy that has to go into producing and delivering that resource (see: Thermoeconomics) needs to be recouped.<br />
<br />
The challenge is figuring out the energy costing models for the types of goods and services that satisfy the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance.<br />
<br />
We can know how much it takes in energy (calories) per day to keep a 25 year old human being functioning, and we can estimate the other costs of living in terms of the work energy required to maintain living conditions. We can also know the energy use of various processes used in producing and delivering a given good or service. Assuming the given good or service meets the above-mentioned conditions for sustainable abundance, i.e. no dependence on scarcity economics, we can measure the energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, and, using historical sales data submitted by all producers of that good or service, we can adjust that eventually to be based on an average volume of production for that good or service (instead of raw estimate) and then calculate the price as the median cost in energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service, per each instance of that good or service, and add a fixed reward margin.<br />
<br />
Such calculation involves building realistic energy costing models (for the various goods and services that are generated by industries that meet the sustainable abundance conditions,) and when it's automated it via cost estimation software (as part of the P2P trading application) it offers us the opportunity to understand the real cost of production to ourselves and the environment.<br />
<br />
Since the volume of production affects the cost of energy for producing and delivering a given good or service, the energy costing models used by the estimation software (that is part of the P2P trading application) should assume an average volume of production based on historical sales data from all the producers of the given good or service, as reported by their inventory management system<br />
<br />
When it comes to rewarding those who work more efficiently and/or more creatively, the model fully supports that through two different, concurrent paths:<br />
<br />
:1. Investing work energy in increasing the efficiency of their production processes get to have a profit margin (because their good or service costs less than the median cost in work energy to produce and deliver, so they get to keep the difference.) <br />
<br />
:2. Investing work energy in improving an existing good or service get to sell more of that good or service if they select the right feature selections (but also get to lose if they select the wrong feature selections, so this second path involves educated risk taking.) <br />
<br />
If a given peer spends 500MJ making something that they would like to give to the world then they should be able get that 500MJ back somehow (or they will eventually starve) and the most efficient way is through direct exchange. If they're paid back 600MJ or 350MJ then they will have an idea if they're producing the thing efficiently or inefficiently. In this way, the use of joule tokens promotes (or direct money into) more and more efficiency, not more and more scarcity (as with the existing currency.)<br />
<br />
For goods and services that are new (e.g. new inventions, new product categories, etc) the existing scarcity-enforcing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) will be used until those goods and services become more common (not to be confused with sustainably abundant) at which point the energy cost estimation software will be updated with energy cost models for those goods and services and the producers of those goods and services will be asked to use the software to submit their energy cost estimates using an average volume of production for the given good or service, which is calculated from the historical sales data reported by the inventory management systems of all the producers for that good or service. The price for that good or service is set to the median cost of energy for producing and delivering that good or service calculated from the energy cost estimates submitted by all producers for that good or service. <br />
<br />
It's important to note that all transactions in the P2P Energy Economy are done through a P2P trading application which automatically fetches the price of goods and services from the Energy Cost Registry. So the concept of "price" in current economics is replaced by the concept of "median cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver a given product" which decreases over time due to technological progress.<br />
<br />
It's an important consideration for producers to make sure that the total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able in full based on the historical sales data the producer has for the given good or service, as provided by their inventory system, so that they don't suffer losses due to over production, especially since losses, under this model, cannot be recouped from the market(e.g. by dumping excess at lower-than-cost and killing off competition then raising prices to recoup the loss.) <br />
<br />
In other words, producing a quantity above predicted short-term demand, as indicated by the producer's predictive inventory system, is a risk the producer must take alone without punishing the consumer or other producers, and they must do so by making sure that their total cost in work energy for producing and delivering a given good or service is recoup-able based on the historical sales data for the given product or service, as reported by their personal inventory management system, which is built into the P2P trading application used for trading.)<br />
<br />
Having said that, if a producer was to overlook the historical sales data based on having put more work energy into producing and delivering a new version of a given good or service, i.e. making feature selections, then they should be able to reap the reward if they sell more of the given good or service than they have in the past, or assume the loss if it doesn't.<br />
<br />
Since the definition of goods and services under this model requires them to be producible and deliverable on efficient, on-demand basis (i.e. just-in-time inventory must be the norm,) it is unlikely that producers will ever need to over produce. The only actual concern here is that producers must make sure that they can recoup whatever work energy they put into producing and delivering a given good or service. If they don't then they will carry a debt to themselves that they must pay back in work energy. <br />
<br />
So while selling more of a given good or service does not imply a profit (since all goods and services are sold at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them) selling more of a new, improved version of a given good or service than they've sold of the old version allows the producer to recoup their increased upfront work energy in developing the new version of the good or service. That is because the total cost in work energy of producing and delivering a good or service, which includes upfront costs of the extra work energy for developing a new version, is spread over the entire volume of sales (per a given time period, e.g. the period after which the producer must repay a loan or recoup and reinvest the spent capital.)<br />
<br />
The only way for producers to make a profit above the fixed reward margin is by investing in higher efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service, i.e. lower their cost in work energy below the median, and taking creative risk (by deciding on new features for their product or service, which may result in higher or lower sales.) This kind of 'progressive profit' does not cause scarcity because it comes from a higher efficiency not a higher price. This model simply eliminates the 'bad' type of profit that's due to a higher priced, based on supply being circumstantially or artificially lower than demand, which enforces the conditions for scarcity.<br />
<br />
To expand on the preceding point, we identify three kinds of profits:<br />
<br />
:a. This kind of profit is made when we have a relatively high efficiency in the production and delivery of a given good or service where the production volume meets the demand at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce the given good or service. This involves producers investing in more efficient production, which is good for the environment and good for society (as it quickens the pace of technological progress, along the efficiency axis, which is required for sustaining abundance) The logic of the P2P Energy Economy treats this type of relative margin difference in "at cost" trading as good profit.<br />
<br />
:b. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than the supply (without artificially limiting the supply) and producers can add a given margin above cost (depends on how much larger demand is than supply) to artificially limit demand. The resulting price is called equilibrium price. This type of profit directs money into scarce goods rather than into solving the circumstances that cause their scarcity. In other words, this type of profit is scarcity-enforcing. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
<br />
:c. This kind of profit is made when the demand is more than some artificially limited supply and the monopolist(s) can add an arbitrary margin above equilibrium price (which already artificially limits demands) to further limit demand, create scarcity, and reap obscene profits. This type of profit concentrates money into the hands of those producers who have the financial and ill will to exercise manipulative/controlling power in the market. In other words, this type of profit is not just scarcity-enforcing but also power concentrating. This type of profit is not possible under the P2P Energy Economy model, simply because the process by which the price is set does not permit it.<br />
<br />
In addition to profit margin achieved through higher-than-median efficiency in the production and delivery of the given good or service, the producer's creativity in coming up with a new/additional/different feature selection for that good or service is naturally rewarded if it results in higher demand (which when combined with the aforementioned profit results in higher net profit) but if it does not lead to higher demand then the producer must assume the loss (due to the upfront cost in work energy of R&D.) <br />
<br />
The model only applies to goods and services generated by industries that meet the aforementioned conditions for sustainable abundance. The main thing the currency developed here achieves is providing a way to trade those goods and services at the cost of energy it takes to produce and deliver them, which enables a fair exchange.<br />
<br />
===Eliminating Monopolies===<br />
<br />
You may have noticed from going through the model description so far that it requires the use of a virtually centralized inventory management system for P2P energy transactions and a peer-owned inventory management system for P2P transactions in goods and services.<br />
<br />
The centralized inventory management for P2P energy transactions is more efficient in matching supply to demand and does not allow for any peer to sell significantly more energy than others. This is important since energy is the basis for currency. Letting monopolistic behavior emerge there makes the whole system unsustainable.<br />
<br />
The decentralized inventory management for P2P transactions in goods and services allows peers to take the risk of investing in better versions of existing goods and services and sell more than the old version of those goods and services. <br />
<br />
Both the centralized and decentralized inventory management systems, for energy and goods and services, respectively, allow producers to invest in more efficient production, which gives them higher margins of profit relative to those who don't and this is a good thing since more efficient production of energy, goods and services is needed for them to be abundant. <br />
<br />
The freedom the decentralized inventory gives the peers, as far as taking risk in investing in new versions of existing products and services and selling more as a result has an interesting consequence: there is nothing that can be done from the moral perspective to prevent peers who have the most innovative good or service in a given category (and who have social, ecological and environmental values that are in sync with society's values from getting the largest market share and who shares their revenue with all via lending) from becoming a monopoly, e.g. the [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2006/07/10/google-is-a-monopoly/ Google monopoly.] <br />
<br />
However, unlike the current economy, in the P2P Energy Economy, monopolies are eliminated due to the following conditions:<br />
<br />
:1. All industries must meet the following conditions for sustainable abundance:<br />
<br />
::a. Efficient, On-demand Production (which permits predictive inventory management so producers don't have to over produce, which causes waste and inefficiency and is therefore unsustainable, or under produce which causes shortages and high prices, which is also unsustainable)<br />
<br />
::b. Decentralized, Inter-dependent Production (which assures there's no dependence on a few suppliers) <br />
<br />
::c. Renewable Production (which assures there's no dependence on scarce resources)<br />
<br />
::d. Scalable Production (which assures that volume is not limited by the production process) <br />
<br />
::e. Open Source License (which assures that the good or service can be produced by anyone, while enforcing social and moral rights of the originator, not their right to a monopoly.)<br />
<br />
::f. Open Production System: <br />
<br />
:::1. The production system must be able to renew (not just reuse) its resources (both labor and materials) so as not to create long-lasting centers of power and dependency within its resource hierarchy.<br />
<br />
:::2. The production system must be part of a greater whole, i.e. it must achieve maximum autonomy through maximum inter-dependence, and all such greater wholes must themselves constitute open production systems, i.e. they must be able to renew their resources (both labor and material)<br />
<br />
:::3. The production system must retain some mystery in some sense in order for it to compete against other instances of itself or other production organizations/processes/systems that exist in the same market. That is because the market can only support a finite number of producers so competition will happen naturally as a way of limiting the number of producers. Therefore, those organizations that are completely open (ones that do not retain any mystery) will be copied and out done and thus eliminated from the gene pool.<br />
<br />
:::4. The production system must be open to change in its design not just open to renewal of its resource hierarchy. The design must evolve and an evolutionary trial-and-error process must be embraced, including acceptance of the risk for catastrophic or fatal errors, i.e. error that leads to the death of the system.<br />
<br />
::g. Non-Scarce Qualities (which assures the absence of any scarce qualities that would justify paying more than the cost of work energy it takes to produce and deliver the given good or service)<br />
<br />
::h. Non-Scarce Dependencies (which assures that there are no dependencies in the cost-of-work-energy calculation on any goods or services that do not meet the above conditions.)<br />
<br />
::i. Open Education (which assures that all peers have access to education at the cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that education.)<br />
<br />
::j. Fair Exchange (which assures that producers recoup the cost in work energy it takes them to produce and deliver a given good or service plus a fixed reward margin.)<br />
<br />
::(When the above conditions for sustainable abundance are met, everyone who wants to get any number of instances of a given good or service should be able to do so at the [median] cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver that good or service + a fixed reward margin X the number of instances.)<br />
<br />
:2. Consumers are automatically and anonymously matched to producers based on the required attributes for the given good or service, the producer's lender credits (see: Lender and Borrower Credits) and the affinity between the consumer's and the producer's social, ecological and environmental values, , so producers do not own access to the consumer.<br />
<br />
:3. Producers are required to share their revenue through lending in order to rank higher as sellers, which assures that in order for a given producer to empower themselves they have to empower everyone.<br />
<br />
===Programming Joule Tokens=== <br />
<br />
The idea behind combining the Affinity Matrix with virtual joule tokens is to define and use money as a tokenizer of energy flows (i.e. the increase or delta in electric energy flows from nodes with electric energy surplus to nodes with electric energy deficit) and a container of the transient information (or metadata) that may be programmed into money at the transaction level (i.e. the criteria for exchanging the energy for the given good or service, as applied to the seller and the good or service.) <br />
<br />
The buyer’s multidimensional value system, which can be applied by the buyer (as a selection criteria) to the seller and the good or service, is programmable into the money (i.e. into the collection of joule tokens) for each transaction. This way, the buyer’s multidimensional value system becomes represented as explicit information that is carried by the currency tokens for the given transaction. This information (the transient metadata not the work value of the token in joules) goes to blank state after money has been transferred from the buyer to the seller, which allows for the programming and transmission of new information by the seller.<br />
<br />
It is possible to give each token a unique ID and storing the transient metadata from each transaction involving a given token in an open, redundant data store, where the buyer and seller remain anonymous, to track the use of that token. If all that metadata is viewed as a collection a picture starts to emerge as to the flow of money in the economy. Users of the P2P Energy Economy can see how social, ecological and environmental criteria influence on the flow of money and, as a result, take social action where needed. <br />
<br />
It's important to note, from a technical perspective, that such historical data is not in the tokens but in a separate, open, redundant data store. Having said that, it's also important to restate that the transient metadata relating to each transaction is stored in the tokens themselves but erased after the given transaction is fulfilled. The reason for that is to enable physical programmable tokens at some point without changing the way tokens are defined abstractly in the system.<br />
<br />
=Software Development= <br />
<br />
==Use Cases (Examples)==<br />
<br />
The high-level difference in how the model works vs the current economic model, which we shall demonstrated in use cases/examples, is highlighted by the following propositions (provable within the model's logic), which are each unique to joule tokens, as a complementary currency, and cannot be attained as readily using the existing monetary system:<br />
<br />
:1. Provide an energy based currency that has a fixed work value and a use value that only increases over time.<br />
<br />
:2. Enable trading in goods and services, including work itself, at the median cost in work energy it takes to produce and deliver them, such that anyone who wishes to get a given good or service can get it at the cost in work energy it takes to deliver that good or service.<br />
<br />
:3. Enable fair compensation for producers at the median cost in work energy that goes into making and delivering the given good or service and based on their efficiency and creativity, not based on their place in the hierarchy or their access to a scarce resource.<br />
<br />
:4. Direct the flow of money into higher production efficiencies for energy, goods and services.<br />
<br />
:5. Direct the flow of money towards socially, ecologically and environmentally intelligent producers of goods and services.<br />
<br />
:6. Enable a model of the economy where in order for peers to grow their revenue they have to share it with others, i.e., “the more you share, the more you have.”<br />
<br />
:7. Enable increased autonomy through increased inter-dependence between equally empowered peers.<br />
<br />
Let's start with our examples...<br />
<br />
===Use Case 1-01===<br />
<br />
A person (let's call him Tom) who puts 10M joules into producing some product (let's call it XYZ) will get that energy back not from the person who buys the product (let's call him John), who actually pays Tom 1,000 virtual joule tokens for the product (where each virtual joule token is 10,000 joules,) but from the person who makes the food that Tom consumes and/or from the person who provides entertainment that makes life livable for Tom and from all other producers of goods and services that enables (or helps to enable) sustainable production of XYZ by Tom, and whom Tom pays with the money he gets from selling XYZ. <br />
<br />
In this sense, the tit for tat exchange between Tom and John of product XYZ for 1,000 joule tokens is done in the context of supporting a generalized exchange of energy for goods and services (using tokens) between each peer and the community as a whole.<br />
<br />
You may then wonder what's the difference between this model and the existing model, given the latter does the same?<br />
<br />
The price of product XYZ does not depend on the features or benefits of XYZ. What matters is that Tom made it and wants to give it to the world without starving himself. That's why artists give away music, or why software developers make free and open source software. It's the creative impulse that exists within all of us. What this model allows that the current does not is for John to give back Tom the average energy Tom put into producing and delivering the product to John. This means that Tom does not make a profit, but he will not starve due to giving things without recouping his spent energy.<br />
<br />
Having said that, Tom needs more than food and shelter to keep going (i.e. humans have more needs than just subsistence.) A big need for Tom is to be rewarded for his individual work and creativity. This can be done justly if Tom puts energy in improving the efficiency of his production (of XYZ) or by selecting features in XYZ (through a creative choice making process) that creates more appeal (and hence more sales) for XYZ. <br />
<br />
In the existing system, it's practically impossible to calculate a fixed cost because the existing currency (e.g. US dollar, euro, yen, etc) itself is relative to demand and supply (of the currency itself) and, since it's not backed by anything (e.g. gold,) it constantly changes in value due to changes in trade deficit, rate of inflation, national debt, and the speculation on value of the currency based on all these factors.<br />
<br />
[This use case is to be detailed further. See sections "User Manual->Fair Compensation" and "Model Development->Trading at Cost with Joule Tokens" for a more complete explanation of trading at cost with joule tokens.]<br />
<br />
=Model Implementation= <br />
<br />
==Off-the-Grid Communities==<br />
<br />
An "Off-the-grid community" is a community where members generate their own electricity without using the public electric grid infrastructure. <br />
<br />
The assumption here is that the technology for p2p (or house 2 house) electric energy generation and distribution (reference: P2P Energy Production) exists in the desired form, e.g. the existence of an electric energy generation and distribution grid where there is no central electric utility, i.e. all energy is generated by peers, and where peers are able to store energy on short term basis for the dynamic short-term inventory maintained in a virtually centralized manner by P2P Bank (see: P2P Energy Bank; see: P2P Energy Management) <br />
<br />
It seems that such storage technology is currently under development (see: [http://www.pat2pdf.org/patents/pat7466536.pdf EESU supercapacitor patent].)<br />
<br />
The second assumption is that there is willingness to use a P2P trading application for the community (including mobile phone browsers) to conduct all transactions for the category of goods and services covered under this model. <br />
<br />
So if the preceding assumptions become valid at some point in the future or if they're valid now then this model can be applied to such a community.<br />
<br />
People's ingenuity and willingness to try new ideas combined with current trends in the areas of P2P energy and P2P economy almost guarantee that we will see such implementations.<br />
<br />
It is important to note, however, that an off-the-grid community does not exist in a vacuum. It is built on top of the existing economy. The emergence of off-the-grid communities that employ the model defined here will help society transition to an abundance-sustaining economy, a la "the more you share the more you have," and further away from the manipulative/controlling behavior prevalent in today's scarcity based economy.<br />
<br />
= Feedback =<br />
<br />
==Request for Comments==<br />
<br />
I’m an engineer by education, not an economist, and it’s about time for engineers (all of you out there) to take over from business people in shaping the economy. The economy we have today has been driven mostly by people with business degrees or economists with no appreciation for the laws of physics and too much inertia to fundamentally change and disrupt their comfortable ideas about money, energy and the economy.<br />
<br />
I'm interested in feedback, insights, help, coordination, etc.<br />
<br />
==Readers Comments==<br />
<br />
Please go [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2008/10/21/p2p-social-currency-money-20/#comments here] to view or add comments.<br />
<br />
= Collaboration =<br />
<br />
==How To==<br />
<br />
The first step is to provide [http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2008/10/21/p2p-social-currency-money-20/#comments feedback].<br />
<br />
The next simplest step after feedback is conversation.<br />
<br />
Once we start conversing we will get a clue as to how we can collaborate<br />
<br />
If you wish to jump head first into conversation, you may join our on-going discussions at [http://groups.google.com/group/p2p-energy-economy P2P Energy Economy at Google Groups]. In such case, please make sure to browse the links under ReadMe First before entering the discussion.<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<br />
* [http://www.odemagazine.com/doc/56/talkin-bout-my-generation/2 P2P Energy Production]<br />
<br />
= Meta =<br />
<br />
==Change History==<br />
<br />
To see all changes and revisions, please use history tab on this wiki page.<br />
<br />
==Document Location==<br />
<br />
URL: [http://p2pfoundation.net/P2P_Social_Currency_Model http://p2pfoundation.net/P2P_Energy_Economy]<br />
<br />
==Content License==<br />
<br />
[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-Sharealike 3.0]<br />
<br />
[http://www.registeredcommons.org/grid/RC-01-LIZ0000000727-1 Registered at RegisteredCommons.org]<br />
<br />
==Model Development Process==<br />
<br />
Agile–> release early, release often, high-bandwidth communication<br />
<br />
The model achieves stability by being open to instability.<br />
<br />
Thus, this author is continuously seeking insights, comments, questions, and disagreements.<br />
<br />
= Related Links =<br />
<br />
* [[Complementary Currency Software]]<br />
<br />
* [[P2P Exchange Infrastructure Projects]]<br />
<br />
* [[Thermoeconomics]]<br />
<br />
= External Links =<br />
<br />
[http://evolvingtrends.wordpress.com/2008/10/21/p2p-social-currency-money-20/ "P2P Energy Economy" on Evolving Trends (for comments)]<br />
<br />
[http://www.media-art-online.org/iwat/research/papers.html.en Publications on i-WAT]<br />
<br />
Related concepts:<br />
<br />
#[[Decentralized Energy]]<br />
#[[Distributed Generation]], or at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_generation<br />
#[[Distributed Power Generation]]<br />
#[[Microgeneration]]<br />
#[[Microgrids]]<br />
#[[Micropower]]<br />
#[[Net Metering]]<br />
#[[P2P Energy Grid]]<br />
#[[http://cashwiki.org/en/Energy_Unit_of_Account Energy Unit of Account]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Money]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Energy]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Towards_a_Coalition_of_Commons-Oriented_Entrepreneurial_Coalitions&diff=100776Towards a Coalition of Commons-Oriented Entrepreneurial Coalitions2016-08-10T10:39:00Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
=Context=<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens:<br />
<br />
This idea came up during a conversation with Alanna Krause of Enspiral, when she visited Chiang Mai in June 2015.<br />
<br />
The basic idea is that peer production generally takes a triarchical form, i.e. open productive communities that co-contribute to a commons and common good; a ethical entrepreneurial coalition that creates livelihoods for the commoners and co-creates commons (related to our ideas about [[Open Cooperativism]] ), and quite often, for-benefit associations such as the [[Floss Foundations]], which manage and maintain the cooperative infrastructure.<br />
<br />
This initiative aims at connecting the already existing entrepreneurial coalitions in this space, so that they can learn from each other, but also to develop a collective voice. It's a global equivalent of our proposal for the [[Chamber of the Commons]], which aims to give voice to local ethical entrepreneurs.<br />
<br />
Michel de Kemmeter:<br />
<br />
Other dimensions can be added to this dynamics: <br />
<br />
- the need to innovate and disrupt of existing companies<br />
<br />
- ownership transmission and generation issues in family business<br />
<br />
- the need of business development in existing companies<br />
<br />
in a context where ethics, coherence, purpose and paradigm shift is everywhere, knowing that existing entrepreneurs are not able to deal with the latter. No time, no information, not "wired" to enable transition.<br />
<br />
A nice way to catalyse it would be to team up demanding existing companies with a coalition, a cooperative of (young and trained) entrepreneurs, to incubate innovation in the margin of the existing. But with access to resources of the existing (administration, technology, office area, networks, finance). We (UHDR UniverseCity) call it "Extrapreneurship". We started an experiment in Brussels.<br />
<br />
Here is the proposed flow:<br />
<br />
- Intake : casting on entrepreneurs willing to serve common good into this paradigm shift<br />
<br />
- Training : new economy models, systemic project management, personal coaching on soft skills in SHG<br />
<br />
- Internship : 2 or 3 months testcase on a live innovation or business case (low basic pay compensating for the training)<br />
<br />
- Action : 3 to 12 months of paid entrepreneuship<br />
<br />
<br />
The community, in form of a cooperative, participates in benefits and profits, and in shares of the new ventures. In case of sales of the shares, the community generates capital inside the cooperative which becomes like a private equity operation.<br />
<br />
=Status=<br />
<br />
* for now, we're just launching the idea<br />
<br />
<br />
=Directory=<br />
<br />
Here are potential candidates for such an initiative:<br />
<br />
* [[Enspiral]], mostly based in New Zealand<br />
<br />
* [[Sensorica]], which originated in Montreal, Canada<br />
<br />
* [[Las Indias]], based in various places in Spain and elsewhere (but definitely post-nationalistic)<br />
<br />
* [[Extrapreneurs- UHDR UniverseCity]], based in Brussels, Belgium<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The [[FairCoop]] inititiative of the [[Catalan Integral Cooperative]] probably belongs in the same category ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Foundation]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Movements]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=100673Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2016-08-03T12:18:47Z<p>Dante: /* Examples */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
Also see this more recent 2016 article by Connor, bringing forward Hylo, Metamaps and Loomio : <br />
<br />
https://medium.com/@connoropolous/beyond-facebook-a-web-of-action-c176c540acc5<br />
<br />
and this 2015 article by Edward West : <br />
https://medium.com/enspiral-tales/doing-more-together-together-seeding-a-collaborative-technology-alliance-82243ea30d41<br />
<br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/Hylozoic<br />
* https://github.com/loomio<br />
* https://github.com/metamaps<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain <br />
http://pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
<br />
Living coop<br />
<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Tax_Syndicate&diff=100428Tax Syndicate2016-07-19T01:38:24Z<p>Dante: Proposal - draft</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
Proposal for ( distributed and netwoked ? ) Union ,<br />
to collectively facilitate access to any citizens , and small to medium business, the same tax loopholes that big corporations use,<br />
<br />
as to progressively cut off any tax funding to the states, and generate an incentive for the state to close all tax evasion loopholes enabled for corporations and wealthy individuals,<br />
and bring back to the state, and to the citizens of countries, in the form of taxation, the productivity gains and profits generated by the entire economy, including bigger corporations.</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=95859Netention2015-12-29T23:47:22Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code]<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014]<br />
<br />
[https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides]<br />
<br />
Related Article from [[Eric Hunting]] : [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/a-proposal-for-a-social-semantic-network-infrastructure-by-eric-hunting/2015/12/28 A proposal for a social semantic network infrastructure]<br />
<br />
Larger Context :<br />
[[Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Update 2015=<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Open_Source]]<br />
[[Category:P2P_Collaboration_Systems]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=95148Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2015-11-19T15:17:20Z<p>Dante: /* Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain <br />
http://pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
<br />
Living coop<br />
<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=95147Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2015-11-19T15:16:41Z<p>Dante: /* Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
<br />
Living coop<br />
<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Compilation_of_Materials_on_Platform_Cooperativism&diff=95146Compilation of Materials on Platform Cooperativism2015-11-19T15:09:56Z<p>Dante: Pixel Humain , Assemblée Virtuelle , ...</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
* see also the main page on [[Platform Cooperativism]] and the smaller main diretory at [[Platform Cooperativism Projects]]<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Compilation of ongoing projects by Dante Monson:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* [[Ripple]]<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : [[Netention[[ interfaces with [[Open Nars]] capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===[http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/100-women-who-are-co-creating-the-p2p-society-lynn-foster-on-open-value-accounting/2015/08/21 Lynn] and Bob's ([[Mikorizal ]]) #ovni / NRP software for Open Value Networks, a collaboration with [[Sensorica]] ===<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork Source code]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* http://nrp.sensorica.co/<br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP]<br />
* [https://github.com/valnet/valuenetwork/wiki/Tutorials NRP slide decks]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
==Pixel Humain and other Commons Oriented Projects in the French Sphere==<br />
<br />
Collaborative Ecosystem Development & Roadmap Innovating for the Commons<br />
<br />
Organisation Pixel humain pixelhumain.org<br />
https://vimeo.com/74212373<br />
<br />
Unissons<br />
Living coop<br />
Association Ekopratik<br />
Association Open Atlas<br />
Projet Communecter : https://www.communecter.org/<br />
https://vimeo.com/133636468<br />
Multi bao http://www.multibao.org/<br />
Dialoguea http://forum-debats.fr/<br />
ChezNous http://cheznous.coop/<br />
Nacelle 0.2 http://www.nacelles02.com/<br />
p2p Foundation http://p2pfoundation.net/Main_Page<br />
Assemblée Virtuelle http://www.virtual-assembly.org/en/<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=94851Netention2015-11-03T14:11:48Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code]<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014]<br />
<br />
[https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Update 2015=<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Open_Source]]<br />
[[Category:P2P_Collaboration_Systems]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=94850Netention2015-11-03T14:10:55Z<p>Dante: update , software development and components</p>
<hr />
<div>[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code]<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014]<br />
<br />
[https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
=Update=<br />
<br />
By Seth :<br />
<br />
here's a few projects which could be considered pieces of a larger puzzle if completed and integrated<br />
<br />
Netention - various prototypes of this exist but a good starting point might be the README on jim's fork here: https://github.com/rezn8d/netentionjs2 i see a lot in common with AIKIF not so much at a user interface or even data model but in terms of goals for practical functionality<br />
<br />
ClimateViewer - https://github.com/rezn8d/climateviewer essentially a geospatial event viewer, being adapted as a component for next version of netention and other projects<br />
<br />
SpimeDB - spatiotemporal semantic database server with p2p replication https://github.com/automenta/spimedb<br />
<br />
OpenNARS - general purpose reasoning engine https://github.com/opennars/opennars<br />
<br />
i'm mostly working in java and a little javascript/typescript wherever i cant avoid it. i tend to avoid python though i have used it in the past a bit. btw jython is python as a JVM languag. so is javascript among others, and they all have good bidirectional interoperability with java code.<br />
<br />
none of the above projects are really at a production stage yet except for jim's ClimateViewer which is running at http://climateviewer.net<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Open_Source]]<br />
[[Category:P2P_Collaboration_Systems]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Festivalism&diff=94024Festivalism2015-09-02T12:15:07Z<p>Dante: /* Definition */</p>
<hr />
<div>URL = http://peaceaware.com/special/1/pages/festivalism.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
=Definition=<br />
<br />
<br />
By David Boje at <br />
http://business.nmsu.edu/~dboje/papers/Festivalism_at_Work.html<br />
<br />
"Festival is the self-management and self-design of our own leisure time and space, the realization of what we need to live and evolve as a species, with the most minimal harm to any other species. Festival is a way of doing business that respects people, communities, and the ecology. Festival balances stakeholder interests in the future generation (stakeholders include workers, managers, owners, investors, customers, local communities, future generations, and the ecosystem)."<br />
(http://business.nmsu.edu/~dboje/papers/Festivalism_at_Work.html)<br />
<br />
=Comparison Table=<br />
<br />
''Spectacle and Festival'': http://business.nmsu.edu/~dboje/papers/Festivalism_at_Work.html<br />
<br />
'''Spectacle'''<br />
<br />
1. Work<br />
2. Work or play time<br />
3. Imposed patterns of behavior<br />
4. Dead time<br />
5. Religions of consumption<br />
6. Pseudo desires<br />
7. Pseudo needs<br />
8. Loss of Self<br />
9. Colonized spaces<br />
10. Spectator<br />
11. Functionary<br />
12. Survival of the Fittest/Richest <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Festival'''<br />
<br />
1. Play<br />
2. Work and play<br />
3. Freely constructed behavior<br />
4. Live time<br />
5. Self<br />
6. Transparent desires<br />
7. Transparent needs<br />
8. Self-Management<br />
9. Free spaces<br />
10. Participant/Co-designer<br />
11. Self-Managed<br />
12. Coevolution and Co-survival<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Festival and the Spectacle==<br />
<br />
By David Boje at http://business.nmsu.edu/~dboje/papers/Festivalism_at_Work.html<br />
<br />
<br />
"Spectacle is above all a legitimating narrative for social engineering and social control masking the violent (non-Ahimsa) acts of production and consumption. By spectacle I mean Debord’s (1967) the Society of the Spectacle, the often violent and oppressive social control that masquerades as a celebration of betterment by recycling pseudo-reforms, false-desires, and selective sightings of progressive evolution, never devolution. By violent I mean the willful and careless and often unnecessary disruption or extinction of the life of another, including the life of non-human species. "The spectacle is the moment when the commodity has attained the total occupation of social life" (#42). "In particular the ways in which technical development becomes a substitute for natural development (#24, 36). "Last year, Americans, who make up only five percent of the world's population, used nearly a third of its resources and produced almost half of its hazardous waste" (Affluenza, 1997). The Situationaliste answer to the ideological social control of spectacle, is festival, by which we self-manage and self-produce our own production and consumption practices. In this way we redefine our needs and desires.<br />
<br />
Festival is the "very keynote of the life" I see beyond a critique of spectacle … Play is the ultimate principle of this festival, and the only rules it can recognize are to live without dead time and to enjoy without restraint" (Situationist Internationale, 1966: 14). Many cities and nations still conduct annual festivals, a tradition that goes back centuries in many parts of the world. Yet, the festivals have taken on thick outer spectacle shells, becoming gaudy consumption rituals, without much referentiality to what makes a festival festive in the first place. Most organizing attempts of festival find they are mutating due to their organizing situations into bizarre affairs. The Pittsburgh Irish Festival, for example, features a Bingo Tent, Dog Tents, and a Gaelic Mass. Is this a strange or suitable organization? Perhaps it is a collage of spectacles more than a festival. Or, perhaps it is the bizarre juxtaposition that keeps it festive. Festival (merged with carnival) was once about narratives and theatrics that reversed or otherwise parodied the portrait of power. On Fool’s Day, the peasants became magistrates, clergy, and nobles, while all these elites took on lesser positions. In the Tomato Festival, people tossed tomatoes at everyone and on the next day life went back to its normal spectacle routines.<br />
<br />
The pre-capitalism festival ways of life were appropriated and transformed by spectacle capitalism. Festival has been replaced by spectacles of theatrical consumption (the mall and the stores in the mall) as well as by spectacular organizations (producers of spectacles and themselves spectacles). The peasant is everywhere, composing as much as two fifths of the world’s population, many working at slave wages to provide the spectacle to the advantaged. The peasants sit on the margins of spectacle, ready to reclaim cyclical time and local spaces, and perhaps replace spectacle with festival.<br />
<br />
The festival has something to do with one’s conscious awareness, and with a focusing of that awareness. Festival is defined as expressing inner happiness in a context of social activity. Spectacle is defined as material displays of happiness in a context of over-consumption. When festival is more about materialism than play, self-reflection, and social commentary, it becomes disempowered, just another spectacle. When the message of festival is in the externalities the inner spirituality of the event is suspect.<br />
<br />
Consider the similarities. Both spectacle and festival combine theatrics, storytelling, crafts, and other arts into a community of performance. Both festival and spectacle incorporate food, story, theatrics, music, art, and other entertainment. I want to open up the question of what is festival for more rigorous exploration. They are oftentimes found together, occupying the same time and place. The same work organization has both festive and spectacle garniture. Two people can be in the same organization, doing the same job, for the same boss. One sees festive situations, another sees spectacles of misery, self-indulgence, and addictions to over-production and conspicuous, even eco-destructive consumption. One will experience a sense of joy; the other will find only frustration. Manyevents with the label "festival" do not appear to be festivals at all to all of the participants. I want to show the basis of festive and spectacle processes in modern organizations.<br />
<br />
Shakespearean Festivals, Renaissance Festivals, Craft Festivals, Harvest Festivals (dates, Chile, wine, apple, etc.), Film Festivals, and Music Festivals are all the rage. They define the community, but so do spectacles. Disneyland, modern organization spectacle defines Los Angels County, though it is locate really in Orange County. Renaissance Festivals, oftentimes, reenact 15th and 16th Century Europe as a celebration of cyclical time and a local reverence for place, even though they are reenacted outside of Europe, in places like Kansas and Idaho. Yet most of festival is not separate from spectacle. It seems every state in the Union and most countries have their festivals and their spectacles, without much differentiation between, what is one and the other.<br />
<br />
What is a Festival Organization? - Be it simple or complex, behind the festival stalls, booths, theater, exhibitions, and merchandising, there is the festival organization, and perhaps a spectacular one masquerading as festive. Some festival organizations construct fictive fantasies of the good olds days of King Arthur Knights of the Round Table or Elizabethan splendor in a Renaissance Festival. Spectators are invited to come dressed as princesses, wenches, noblemen, and barbarians, as they enjoy the jousting and feasting. Others go to great length to make the historical period become "living history." They recreate the architecture, dress, and customs of a particular epoch. Yet, in many cases, they are no more authentic than the Pirates of the Caribbean or the Haunted Mansion at Disneyland are. The sense of "authenticity" of a festival, be it a Renaissance Faire, Shakespearean Theater, or Bluegrass Music Festival varies from one situation to the next. The name "festival" in the title of the event is not a way to tell its pedigree.<br />
<br />
There is much contemporary spectacle mixed into the festival. For example, The Colorado Renaissance Festival advertises that for a price you and fifty guests can be part of a Royal Wedding. For just $2,500 you can have the fairy tale wedding managed by expert wedding coordinators, complete with the melodious murmur of the King’s bagpiper, escorting you to the newly refurbished Canterbury Chapel where you will be a player in an Elizabethan Wedding Ceremony. A King and Queen wedding feast follow this wedding. Costuming and wet bar are extra. Is there something in Jain philosophy that can help us sort this out?"<br />
(http://business.nmsu.edu/~dboje/papers/Festivalism_at_Work.html)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
More on festivalism at http://peaceaware.com/special/1/pages/festivalism.htm<br />
<br />
Boje, David M. (1999). Spectacle and Festival of Organization: Managing Ahimsa Production and Consumption. Book (retitled as Theatrics of Capitalism) being published by Hampton Press (expected release 2001). Available on the Web http://business.nmsu.edu/~dboje <br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Movements]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Encyclopedia]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Netention&diff=93193Netention2015-07-26T16:32:06Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div>[https://github.com/automenta/netjs Netention Code]<br />
[https://github.com/automenta/netentionj Netention Code 2014]<br />
<br />
[https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides]<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
'Netention collects a community of peoples' stories, and interlinks them with automatically discovered opportunities that are mutually inter-satisfying - essentially suggesting to its participants how they could realize the desired futures they have described.<br />
<br />
Netention is a tool for describing one's current life situation (“is”), and potential future situations (“will be”) – as linked data objects. A semantic description of a human life can be considered to consist of a set of declarations representing aspects about which one is concerned or interested. Link the current and desired states of real and imaginary concepts - including people, environments, objects, processes, knowledge, or time.<br />
<br />
Netention realizes one’s goals based on their desires and translates them into tangible outcomes in one’s own network.<br />
<br />
Netention aims to solve, in general, all resource management and planning issues that occur among communities of participants. A complete system could conceivably eliminate the balkanization of various separate online services that presently serve relatively narrow subsets of the more general problem.<br />
<br />
The term Netention is a portmanteau of the words Network, and Attention or Intention. It refers to a community's collective abilities.<br />
<br />
Don't "search" - describe what you want. Edit it at any time to adjust or improve the description.<br />
<br />
Netention works at the basic thought level, to elicit descriptions of "something" that you're thinking about. Whether it describes a dream (something that you would like to happen), an object, or hypothetical object - it can be fully described and re-described. <br />
<br />
A hypothetical (desired) object can become an actual object, or an abstract concept can become an actual future event, etc. Fluid and flexible. The system can then connect your descriptions to others - these are analogous to hyperlinks. Links are useful because they suggest ways to achieve the implied desired state of something - whether you want to sell something, whether you want to participate in something, whether you want others to participate in something, whether you want someone to donate something to you for free, etc... <br />
<br />
Netention is a system for describing objects, thoughts, places, concepts, times, etc... Create descriptions of reality that consist of data about the state in which something presently “is”, AND statements about your desired or anticipated state in which it “will be” - how you would like it to become - usually involving ranges of acceptable indeterminate values.<br />
<br />
Using these two kinds of statements, the system can link any set of objects according to a presence of mutually satisfying statements, like a lock-and-key, or receptor site on a cell. It can then suggest links (representing possibilities such as transactions or assignments), ranked according to the strength of their correlation.<br />
<br />
A general-purpose semantic-network computer system simulates “described experience” and discovers “possible experiences” to function as a tool for analyzing and optimizing certain qualities of one's existence.<br />
<br />
A semantic concept represents each agent (ex: a human) participating in interaction processes that constitute awareness of and potential to operate upon arbitrary subsets of simulation content. Choice and configuration of interaction modalities may be customized according to a particular situation or adjusted to compensate for sensory, kinesthetic, or cognitive disabilities.<br />
<br />
'''A Network is a community-managed web service to which clients connect. Servers communicate with other servers in a P2P network'''."<br />
<br />
=Features=<br />
Open-Source Decentralized Personal Semantic Web Database Communicator - providing a white-label, generic, and free synthesis of:<br />
<br />
* Classified Ads similar to sites such as Craigslist, Oodle.com, and Google Base<br />
* Event Scheduling <br />
* Social Networking similar to sites such as Facebook and MySpace<br />
* News Discovery combining global and local (ex: friend feeds) news sources<br />
* plus any other "describable" domains"<br />
<br />
=External Links=<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit Netention Introduction]<br />
* [https://github.com/automenta/netjs Source Code]<br />
* [[Automenta]]<br />
<br />
=Eric Hunting's description=<br />
<br />
If I may take a stab at describing this, Netention has been a project deriving from Semantic Web/Desktop development. It's an attempt to create a platform for Social-Semantic Networking. The Semantic Web is a way of making on-line information auto-associate using the addition of metadata making it more intelligible to machine intelligence. And so you cultivate a kind of machine knowledge--an ability for computers to understand what on-line information means as opposed to just being able to match keywords and such. To 'read' and not just 'parse'. Many computer scientists, including Tim Berners Lee, believe it to be the future of the World Wide Web, but to date progress has been slow because most coders/developers don't quite understand the concept and those who are working on it have their own new language for everything.<br />
<br />
The Semantic Desktop is a platform for interacting with the Semantic Web, allowing the creation of a personal information space with integral metadata--a desktop--that auto-associates, and thus auto-links to, information within it and across the larger internet. So instead of 'searching' for information using a 'search engine' of some sort and personally filtering through a lot of junk, the desktop knows how information relates and pre-links it so related information self-aggregates in your desktop space and you 'drill down' or 'spiral out' as needed to navigate.<br />
<br />
Seth's breakthrough idea was to apply this to social networking. To create a kind of Semantic Desktop that deals in social information so as to semi-anonymously find constructive/cooperative associations across large communities of people. And so users create an information space out of their own personal information, history, personal schedule, and the usual sort of personal blog of the conventional social network and the system looks for constructive associations across the whole user community. I like to call it an internet with a pronoia imperative--a secret digital conspiracy that's out to help you, and everyone else. Applications of Netention use this associative information to facilitate various social activities. It can manage Open Value Networks, crowdsourcing and crowdfunding, or automate contracting and other various economic exchanges. It can help people with common interests find each other and organize. It can help students find people who can provide knowledge and training. It can coordinate the 'swarmed' collectivization and use of dispersed resources, like the use of random spare cargo space in people's vehicles as an alternative form of parcel transit.<br />
<br />
I've recently been suggesting that Netention could evolve into a future Digital Tao as a means of automating the management of social credit/capital by being able to relate individual intention to the collective intention of society--offering a better alternative to numerical metrics and other kinds of digital currencies as a means to mediate resource distribution. We anticipate future systems of currency to become social credit systems. Social credit is a measure of merit--social capital--that can be exchanged for access to common resources. (above what might be a common Basic Income baseline) But abstracting this as a numerical metric, as is very often suggested in SciFi, oversimplifies and anonymizes it, makes it too fungible, leading to pathological or corrupt behavior and a tendency to game the system. Netention is like having a system of direct democracy that is polling everyone about everything all the time. If a machine can continuously crowdsource an understanding of merit and what society thinks is 'good' and then associatively relate that to the intent and history of individuals and the local groups they collaborate with, there's no need for an abstract metric or some form of bureaucracy. It can see where personal and societal intent converge or synchronize and 'weight' other associations accordingly. This can then be used to automate access to resources when paired to a resource and production network by associatively 'weighting' the flow in that network toward that individual and his activities, increasing on-demand availability. Thus I liken it to the 'Tao' of Taoist philosophy; a subtle intrinsic will or current in nature that, if you align yourself to it, empowers and facilitates your actions.<br />
<br />
You can get why Seth drifts back and forth between this and artificial intelligence because AI and the Semantic Web are complimentary. My guess is that he's thinking about the discrete agents making up semantic applications and the Society of Mind (after Marvin Minsky) the Semantic Web may develop into.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Technology]]<br />
[[Category:Intelligence]]<br />
[[Category:Application_Layer]]<br />
[[Category:Collaboration_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Commons_Abundance_Network]]<br />
[[Category:Free_Software]]<br />
[[Category:Gaming]]<br />
[[Category:Health]]<br />
[[Category:Open_Source]]<br />
[[Category:P2P_Collaboration_Systems]]<br />
[[Category:Peergovernance]]<br />
[[Category:Research]]<br />
[[Category:Sharing]]<br />
[[Category:Software]]<br />
[[Category:Technology]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=93039Platform Cooperativism2015-07-22T11:41:08Z<p>Dante: /* Blockchain ? */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* Eric ( https://github.com/project-douglas/eris ) <br />
* Ethereum ( https://www.ethereum.org/ )<br />
* La'Zooz ( https://github.com/lazooz ; http://www.shareable.net/blog/lazooz-the-decentralized-crypto-alternative-to-uber )<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]===<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=93037Platform Cooperativism2015-07-22T11:36:17Z<p>Dante: /* Project Pages */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments===<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
===[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]===<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
===OpenPaas===<br />
<br />
* http://open-paas.org/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn<br />
* [http://www.lemondeinformatique.fr/actualites/lire-l-etat-injecte-10-7-meteuro-dans-une-plateforme-collaborative-cloud-open-source-61782.html OpenPaas 10,7 Million Euro Funding]<br />
<br />
===[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]===<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
====Enspiral Video's====<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
===Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]===<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
===Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]]===<br />
( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
===Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] ===<br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
===Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]]===<br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including <br />
===Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]]===<br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
===MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]]===<br />
, #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
===[[Nodered]]===<br />
( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
===Larky's Noomap=== <br />
( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
===D-Cent===<br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
===Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]===<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Similar Minded==<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=93036Platform Cooperativism2015-07-22T11:28:04Z<p>Dante: /* Code */ added Open Paas</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/linagora/openpaas-esn ( http://open-paas.org/ )<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
===Similar Minded===<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90865Platform Cooperativism2015-05-24T11:02:13Z<p>Dante: /* Code */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/linkeddata/SoLiD<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
===Similar Minded===<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Open_Cooperatives&diff=90572Open Cooperatives2015-04-25T08:07:51Z<p>Dante: /* Tools */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Michel Bauwens==<br />
<br />
#That coops need to be statutorily (internally) oriented towards the common good <br />
#That coops need to have governance models including all stakeholders<br />
#That coops need to actively co-produce the creation of immaterial and material commons<br />
#That coops need to be organized socially and politically on a global basis, even as they produce locally.<br />
<br />
Example: [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Josef Davies-Coates==<br />
<br />
"Co-ops that combine best practices from the international co-operative movement with best practices from the open source software and hardware communities are now possible. Soon anyone will be able to set up an Open Co-op and invite all their stakeholders to help finance, govern and organise the co-op online."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Pioneering examples:<br />
<br />
==[[Catalan Integral Cooperative]]==<br />
<br />
* [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Sensorica]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Sensorica are an ‘Open Value Network’ focussed on two primary activities: creating open hardware products; and developing the Open Value Network (OVN) model. OVNs are variously described as “people creating value together, by contributing work, money and goods, and sharing the income” a “framework for many-to-many innovation” and a “model for commons-based peer production.” The basic concept is very similar to the Bettermeans “contribution-based-rewards” idea, but in OVNs contributions other than completed tasks are also accounted for. They are currently working with Bob Haugen and Lynn Foster at Mikorizal Software to develop a prototype open source value accounting platform called ValNet."<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Enspiral]] Network==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Enspiral is made up of three parts: The Enspiral Foundation, Enspiral Services and Startup Ventures. I’d say they’re the best current example of an Open Co-op, but how they actually describe themselves is as “a virtual and physical network of companies and professionals working together to create a thriving society” and as an “experiment to create a collaborative network that helps people do meaningful work.” A core part of their strategy is to open source their model. In short, not only are they doing almost exactly what United Diversity wants to do — they’re also building the open source tools actually needed to do it!<br />
<br />
The Enspiral Foundation is the charitable company at the heart of the Enspiral network. It’s the legal custodian of assets held collectively by the network, and the entity with which companies and individuals have a formal relationship. Decisions are made using [[Loomio]] and budgets are set using [[Cobudget]].<br />
<br />
A network of professionals work together in teams to offer Enspiral Services, a range of business services under one roof. By default members pool 20% of their invoices into a collective bucket, 25% of which goes to the Foundation. Loomio and Cobudget are then used to decide how to spend the rest. For Startup Ventures, Enspiral works with social entrepreneurs to launch start-ups who then support the work of the Foundation, and Enspiral as a whole, through flexible revenue share agreements: ventures choose their own contribution rate, usually around 5% of revenue."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Tools=<br />
<br />
* Also see [[Platform Cooperativism]] ( list of software )<br />
==[[Microgenius]]== <br />
<br />
(and other funding tools)<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Originally started by Cambridge-based entrepreneur Emily Mackay, Microgenius is the UK’s first platform for community share offers and is now part of the Community Shares Unit. Societies can also sell shares via Crowdfunder and BuzzBnk, and can advertise share issues on Ethex, the Trillion Fund, and on Shares.coop — where the widest range of live Community Share Offers in the UK are listed. Co-operative Companies Limited by Shares can do equity crowdfunding on Crowdcube (which also powers Microgenius) and Seedrs.<br />
<br />
Open source platforms specifically created to help open and/or co-operative projects include: Goteo for crowdfunding the commons; Open Funding and Bountysource for cofunding free software; Gittip for giving small weekly cash gifts to people you love and are inspired by; Snowdrift, a monthly matched patronage system; and Coopfunding.net, a wordpress powered crowdfunding platform for co-ops in Spain (we’ve got plans for something similar in the UK). Catarse, Selfstarter and tilt are other open source options, and there are numerous bitcoin powered platforms out there, too (e.g. Swarm)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[One Click Coop]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"One Clicks Orgs, a social enterprise whose strapline is “Legal Structures and Group Voting Made Easy,” created the One Click Co-op in partnership with Co-operatives UK and NESTA. Launched in June 2013 and approved by UK regulators it is the first fully-online co-operative structure in the world. The open source platform permits members to contribute agenda items, browse archived minutes and participate in votes electronically. It’s pretty awesome, but having been built on a relative shoestring also pretty basic. Only Co-operatives UK’s multi-stakeholder co-operative rules are supported and you can’t, for example, the balance the interests of stakeholder groups by giving them different proportions of overall control (like you can with the Somerset Rules)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Loomio]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Loomio — a free and open source tool for collaborative decision-making — is what happened when Enspiral met Occupy. Enspiral were committed to being a flat organisation, empowering employees to be autonomous and involved in leadership and decision making. But without the right platform, the overheads of engaging lots of people made it hard to deliver on this grand vision. In practice, only a few people were making most of the important decisions. Similarly, Occupy activists were finding it hard to make consensus decisions with large groups of people. Loud voices dominated and people with less time to commit to the process were being marginalised. They were missing out on the power of including a truly diverse range of perspectives. Together they developed Loomio."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cobudget]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Cobudget is another open source app being developed by Enspiral. It works like this: each month contributions to collective funds are published. Everyone can see who contributed what and how much money is in the budget. Basic core expenses (previously collectively agreed on Loomio) are subtracted and what’s left is the discretionary budget. Each person or company retains the right to allocate their part of discretionary funds and anyone in the network can start a “bucket” — a proposal to do work that requires funding. They write up a proposal making their case for why the work they want to do will benefit everyone and why they are the right person to deliver the project. Everyone then considers the buckets and decides which ones to “fill” with their portion of the discretionary budget. If people collectively feel like a project is a good use of resources, it will get funded. If there are critical budgeting priorities taking precedence, “nice to have” projects won’t get any funds that round. Funders can split up their allocations as they like, or put it all in one bucket. In aggregate, the result is a budget that reflects the collective priorities of the group, determined in proportion to real stakeholding and in the context of the big picture goals. The entire process takes place transparently."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Open App Ecosystem]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Building on the work of Loomio and Cobudget the Open App Ecosystem is an Enspiral project to develop suite of integrated and open sourced apps which support transparent, democratic and decentralised organising. The aim is for the software to act as a delivery mechanism for cultural viruses which decentralise money, information and control and promote happiness, empowerment and wellbeing throughout an organisation. They also have the side effect of helping organisations become more efficient, resilient and adaptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates has developed a concept of open cooperatives which focuses on open and transparent non-hierarchical distributed governance and ownership. See: [http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/ Open Co-ops: Inspiration, Legal Structures and Tools]<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens developed a concept of open cooperatives that stresses the co-production of open commons. See: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Antecedents and Inspirations==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
* "The [[Open Organisations Project]] emerged. Their goal was “to explain how to set up and maintain transparent, accountable and truly participative communities” and they came up with a useful set of six process and eight functional rules together with some basic guidelines for how to implement them."<br />
<br />
* The [[Viable System Model]] (VSM): "Stafford Beer used the term ‘viable system’ to describe the same thing and outlined some of their properties in the VSM. <br />
<br />
In short, the model says that in order to be viable (i.e., able to autonomously adapt and survive in response to a changing environment) a system must have the following five sub-systems:<br />
<br />
#System 1: Interacting operational units. Think organs in a body, or players in a team.<br />
#System 2: Responsible for stability and conflict resolution between operational units.<br />
#System 3: An ‘Internal Eye’ optimising and generating synergies between operational units.<br />
#System 4: An ‘External Eye’ allows strategies and plans to adapt to a changing environment.<br />
#System 5: Where ultimate authority lies and is responsible developing policy.<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Bettermeans]] and The [[Open Enterprise Manifesto]]: In April 2010 a project called Bettermeans “formed to promote the values of openness, transparency, autonomy, contribution-based-rewards (meritocracy), democracy, integrity, and values-oriented, purpose-driven work” released The Open Enterprise Manifesto. It was a familiar story: replace “the command and control hierarchy” with “collaboration and open participation;” create organisations “more like living dynamic networks, and less like pyramids;” plus the standard mentions of Linux, Wikipedia, Mondragón and Visa to demonstrate how aspects of the model had already been shown to work at scale. Bettermeans were trying to bring these various aspects together in a single cohesive model, and they made a pretty good stab at building the necessary tools to make such a model widely available and adoptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Towards a [[Open Coop Development Agency]]==<br />
<br />
As proposed by Henry Tam:<br />
<br />
"I’m thinking that the priority should be given to the setting up of some form of Open Coop Development Agency – it could be a stand-alone or a federated network with existing pro-Open Coop groups and institutions as supporters. <br />
<br />
Scale is important, but we know that effective coop federation can give us big organisational clout while retaining accountability to small autonomous units. And what would OCDA do? From your report and other writings colleagues have produced, I would say an 8-point programme: <br />
<br />
1. Promote and provide learning on why and how open cooperatives should be set up and developed.<br />
<br />
2. Provide coop business angels to give advice (on a voluntary basis; funded by a central body supported by members’ contributions; or a fee on terms agreed with the advice-receiver).<br />
<br />
3. Arrange low cost loans/investment.<br />
<br />
4. Arrange cooperatisation of non open coop businesses (arranging for discussions/voting sessions, lending money to workers to take over the business).<br />
<br />
5. Work with political parties to secure commitments to pro-open cooperativist policies.<br />
<br />
6. Negotiate with local and national govt to set up community owned trusts, and other appropriate policy actions.<br />
<br />
7. Adjudicate/mediate between multi-stakeholders.<br />
<br />
8. Safeguard open coops from sell-outs or unprincipled takeovers.<br />
<br />
If these elements are already covered by a range of organisations, then joining them under a much higher profile umbrella would itself give impetus to maximising their synergy (1 is certainly the raison detre of Synergia!). <br />
<br />
Historically, if we look at the development of social democracy in Sweden in early 20th century, or the rise of the New Right in the US in the 1970s/1980s, the key change came from the establishment of organisations that are dedicated to drive hitherto disparate movements and fragmented forces into a common mutually-reinforcing change programme."<br />
(email 2/2015)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* why we need [[Open Cooperatives]]: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
* in-depth rationale: [[From the Communism of Capital to a Capital for the Commons]]<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , Software list<br />
<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
===Article===<br />
<br />
'''*From the Communism of Capital to Capital for the Commons: Towards an Open Co-operativism. By Michel Bauwens, Vasilis Kostakis. Triple C, Vol 12, No 1 (2014)''' <br />
<br />
URL = http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/561<br />
<br />
"Abstract<br />
<br />
Two prominent social progressive movements are faced with a few contradictions and a paradox. On the one side, we have a re-emergence of the co-operative movement and worker-owned enterprises which suffer from certain structural weaknesses. On the other, we have an emergent field of open and Commons-oriented peer production initiatives which create common pools of knowledge for the whole of humanity, but are dominated by start-ups and large multinational enterprises using the same Commons. Thus we have a paradox: the more communist the sharing license used in the peer production of free software or open hardware, the more capitalist the practice. To tackle this paradox and the aforementioned contradictions, we tentatively suggest a new convergence that would combine both Commons-oriented open peer production models with common ownership and governance models, such as those of the co-operatives and the solidarity economic models."<br />
<br />
===Books===<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Two books, '''A New Way to Govern: Organisations and Society after Enron by Shann Turnbull''' (2002), and '''[[Gaian Democracies]]: Redefining Globalisation and People-Power by John Jopling and Roy Madron''' (2003) were both very influential on our thinking. They introduced us to the principles behind Spain’s huge co-operative network Mondragon, and other large scale business with innovative organisational structures such VISA International and Semco in Brazil.<br />
<br />
In A New Way to Govern Turnbull summarised the terminal flaws of command and control hierarchies: the tendency of centralised power to corrupt; the difficulty of managing complexity; and the suppression of “natural” — human —checks and balances. In their place he proposed organisations which are able to “break complexity down into manageable units, and decompose organisational decision-making into a network of independent control centres.” In short, his thesis argued that command and control hierarchies must be replaced by “network governance” and that where this includes stakeholders — not merely staff but customers, communities, suppliers or distributors — a whole new dimension of economic, social and political benefit opens up.<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)"<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Company Formats]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Cooperativism]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Open_Cooperatives&diff=90571Open Cooperatives2015-04-25T08:07:22Z<p>Dante: /* Tools */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Michel Bauwens==<br />
<br />
#That coops need to be statutorily (internally) oriented towards the common good <br />
#That coops need to have governance models including all stakeholders<br />
#That coops need to actively co-produce the creation of immaterial and material commons<br />
#That coops need to be organized socially and politically on a global basis, even as they produce locally.<br />
<br />
Example: [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Josef Davies-Coates==<br />
<br />
"Co-ops that combine best practices from the international co-operative movement with best practices from the open source software and hardware communities are now possible. Soon anyone will be able to set up an Open Co-op and invite all their stakeholders to help finance, govern and organise the co-op online."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Pioneering examples:<br />
<br />
==[[Catalan Integral Cooperative]]==<br />
<br />
* [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Sensorica]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Sensorica are an ‘Open Value Network’ focussed on two primary activities: creating open hardware products; and developing the Open Value Network (OVN) model. OVNs are variously described as “people creating value together, by contributing work, money and goods, and sharing the income” a “framework for many-to-many innovation” and a “model for commons-based peer production.” The basic concept is very similar to the Bettermeans “contribution-based-rewards” idea, but in OVNs contributions other than completed tasks are also accounted for. They are currently working with Bob Haugen and Lynn Foster at Mikorizal Software to develop a prototype open source value accounting platform called ValNet."<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Enspiral]] Network==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Enspiral is made up of three parts: The Enspiral Foundation, Enspiral Services and Startup Ventures. I’d say they’re the best current example of an Open Co-op, but how they actually describe themselves is as “a virtual and physical network of companies and professionals working together to create a thriving society” and as an “experiment to create a collaborative network that helps people do meaningful work.” A core part of their strategy is to open source their model. In short, not only are they doing almost exactly what United Diversity wants to do — they’re also building the open source tools actually needed to do it!<br />
<br />
The Enspiral Foundation is the charitable company at the heart of the Enspiral network. It’s the legal custodian of assets held collectively by the network, and the entity with which companies and individuals have a formal relationship. Decisions are made using [[Loomio]] and budgets are set using [[Cobudget]].<br />
<br />
A network of professionals work together in teams to offer Enspiral Services, a range of business services under one roof. By default members pool 20% of their invoices into a collective bucket, 25% of which goes to the Foundation. Loomio and Cobudget are then used to decide how to spend the rest. For Startup Ventures, Enspiral works with social entrepreneurs to launch start-ups who then support the work of the Foundation, and Enspiral as a whole, through flexible revenue share agreements: ventures choose their own contribution rate, usually around 5% of revenue."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Tools=<br />
<br />
* Also see [[Platform Cooperativism]] , list of software including tools below , and more<br />
<br />
==[[Microgenius]]== <br />
<br />
(and other funding tools)<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Originally started by Cambridge-based entrepreneur Emily Mackay, Microgenius is the UK’s first platform for community share offers and is now part of the Community Shares Unit. Societies can also sell shares via Crowdfunder and BuzzBnk, and can advertise share issues on Ethex, the Trillion Fund, and on Shares.coop — where the widest range of live Community Share Offers in the UK are listed. Co-operative Companies Limited by Shares can do equity crowdfunding on Crowdcube (which also powers Microgenius) and Seedrs.<br />
<br />
Open source platforms specifically created to help open and/or co-operative projects include: Goteo for crowdfunding the commons; Open Funding and Bountysource for cofunding free software; Gittip for giving small weekly cash gifts to people you love and are inspired by; Snowdrift, a monthly matched patronage system; and Coopfunding.net, a wordpress powered crowdfunding platform for co-ops in Spain (we’ve got plans for something similar in the UK). Catarse, Selfstarter and tilt are other open source options, and there are numerous bitcoin powered platforms out there, too (e.g. Swarm)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[One Click Coop]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"One Clicks Orgs, a social enterprise whose strapline is “Legal Structures and Group Voting Made Easy,” created the One Click Co-op in partnership with Co-operatives UK and NESTA. Launched in June 2013 and approved by UK regulators it is the first fully-online co-operative structure in the world. The open source platform permits members to contribute agenda items, browse archived minutes and participate in votes electronically. It’s pretty awesome, but having been built on a relative shoestring also pretty basic. Only Co-operatives UK’s multi-stakeholder co-operative rules are supported and you can’t, for example, the balance the interests of stakeholder groups by giving them different proportions of overall control (like you can with the Somerset Rules)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Loomio]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Loomio — a free and open source tool for collaborative decision-making — is what happened when Enspiral met Occupy. Enspiral were committed to being a flat organisation, empowering employees to be autonomous and involved in leadership and decision making. But without the right platform, the overheads of engaging lots of people made it hard to deliver on this grand vision. In practice, only a few people were making most of the important decisions. Similarly, Occupy activists were finding it hard to make consensus decisions with large groups of people. Loud voices dominated and people with less time to commit to the process were being marginalised. They were missing out on the power of including a truly diverse range of perspectives. Together they developed Loomio."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cobudget]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Cobudget is another open source app being developed by Enspiral. It works like this: each month contributions to collective funds are published. Everyone can see who contributed what and how much money is in the budget. Basic core expenses (previously collectively agreed on Loomio) are subtracted and what’s left is the discretionary budget. Each person or company retains the right to allocate their part of discretionary funds and anyone in the network can start a “bucket” — a proposal to do work that requires funding. They write up a proposal making their case for why the work they want to do will benefit everyone and why they are the right person to deliver the project. Everyone then considers the buckets and decides which ones to “fill” with their portion of the discretionary budget. If people collectively feel like a project is a good use of resources, it will get funded. If there are critical budgeting priorities taking precedence, “nice to have” projects won’t get any funds that round. Funders can split up their allocations as they like, or put it all in one bucket. In aggregate, the result is a budget that reflects the collective priorities of the group, determined in proportion to real stakeholding and in the context of the big picture goals. The entire process takes place transparently."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Open App Ecosystem]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Building on the work of Loomio and Cobudget the Open App Ecosystem is an Enspiral project to develop suite of integrated and open sourced apps which support transparent, democratic and decentralised organising. The aim is for the software to act as a delivery mechanism for cultural viruses which decentralise money, information and control and promote happiness, empowerment and wellbeing throughout an organisation. They also have the side effect of helping organisations become more efficient, resilient and adaptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates has developed a concept of open cooperatives which focuses on open and transparent non-hierarchical distributed governance and ownership. See: [http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/ Open Co-ops: Inspiration, Legal Structures and Tools]<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens developed a concept of open cooperatives that stresses the co-production of open commons. See: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Antecedents and Inspirations==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
* "The [[Open Organisations Project]] emerged. Their goal was “to explain how to set up and maintain transparent, accountable and truly participative communities” and they came up with a useful set of six process and eight functional rules together with some basic guidelines for how to implement them."<br />
<br />
* The [[Viable System Model]] (VSM): "Stafford Beer used the term ‘viable system’ to describe the same thing and outlined some of their properties in the VSM. <br />
<br />
In short, the model says that in order to be viable (i.e., able to autonomously adapt and survive in response to a changing environment) a system must have the following five sub-systems:<br />
<br />
#System 1: Interacting operational units. Think organs in a body, or players in a team.<br />
#System 2: Responsible for stability and conflict resolution between operational units.<br />
#System 3: An ‘Internal Eye’ optimising and generating synergies between operational units.<br />
#System 4: An ‘External Eye’ allows strategies and plans to adapt to a changing environment.<br />
#System 5: Where ultimate authority lies and is responsible developing policy.<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Bettermeans]] and The [[Open Enterprise Manifesto]]: In April 2010 a project called Bettermeans “formed to promote the values of openness, transparency, autonomy, contribution-based-rewards (meritocracy), democracy, integrity, and values-oriented, purpose-driven work” released The Open Enterprise Manifesto. It was a familiar story: replace “the command and control hierarchy” with “collaboration and open participation;” create organisations “more like living dynamic networks, and less like pyramids;” plus the standard mentions of Linux, Wikipedia, Mondragón and Visa to demonstrate how aspects of the model had already been shown to work at scale. Bettermeans were trying to bring these various aspects together in a single cohesive model, and they made a pretty good stab at building the necessary tools to make such a model widely available and adoptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Towards a [[Open Coop Development Agency]]==<br />
<br />
As proposed by Henry Tam:<br />
<br />
"I’m thinking that the priority should be given to the setting up of some form of Open Coop Development Agency – it could be a stand-alone or a federated network with existing pro-Open Coop groups and institutions as supporters. <br />
<br />
Scale is important, but we know that effective coop federation can give us big organisational clout while retaining accountability to small autonomous units. And what would OCDA do? From your report and other writings colleagues have produced, I would say an 8-point programme: <br />
<br />
1. Promote and provide learning on why and how open cooperatives should be set up and developed.<br />
<br />
2. Provide coop business angels to give advice (on a voluntary basis; funded by a central body supported by members’ contributions; or a fee on terms agreed with the advice-receiver).<br />
<br />
3. Arrange low cost loans/investment.<br />
<br />
4. Arrange cooperatisation of non open coop businesses (arranging for discussions/voting sessions, lending money to workers to take over the business).<br />
<br />
5. Work with political parties to secure commitments to pro-open cooperativist policies.<br />
<br />
6. Negotiate with local and national govt to set up community owned trusts, and other appropriate policy actions.<br />
<br />
7. Adjudicate/mediate between multi-stakeholders.<br />
<br />
8. Safeguard open coops from sell-outs or unprincipled takeovers.<br />
<br />
If these elements are already covered by a range of organisations, then joining them under a much higher profile umbrella would itself give impetus to maximising their synergy (1 is certainly the raison detre of Synergia!). <br />
<br />
Historically, if we look at the development of social democracy in Sweden in early 20th century, or the rise of the New Right in the US in the 1970s/1980s, the key change came from the establishment of organisations that are dedicated to drive hitherto disparate movements and fragmented forces into a common mutually-reinforcing change programme."<br />
(email 2/2015)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* why we need [[Open Cooperatives]]: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
* in-depth rationale: [[From the Communism of Capital to a Capital for the Commons]]<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , Software list<br />
<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
===Article===<br />
<br />
'''*From the Communism of Capital to Capital for the Commons: Towards an Open Co-operativism. By Michel Bauwens, Vasilis Kostakis. Triple C, Vol 12, No 1 (2014)''' <br />
<br />
URL = http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/561<br />
<br />
"Abstract<br />
<br />
Two prominent social progressive movements are faced with a few contradictions and a paradox. On the one side, we have a re-emergence of the co-operative movement and worker-owned enterprises which suffer from certain structural weaknesses. On the other, we have an emergent field of open and Commons-oriented peer production initiatives which create common pools of knowledge for the whole of humanity, but are dominated by start-ups and large multinational enterprises using the same Commons. Thus we have a paradox: the more communist the sharing license used in the peer production of free software or open hardware, the more capitalist the practice. To tackle this paradox and the aforementioned contradictions, we tentatively suggest a new convergence that would combine both Commons-oriented open peer production models with common ownership and governance models, such as those of the co-operatives and the solidarity economic models."<br />
<br />
===Books===<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Two books, '''A New Way to Govern: Organisations and Society after Enron by Shann Turnbull''' (2002), and '''[[Gaian Democracies]]: Redefining Globalisation and People-Power by John Jopling and Roy Madron''' (2003) were both very influential on our thinking. They introduced us to the principles behind Spain’s huge co-operative network Mondragon, and other large scale business with innovative organisational structures such VISA International and Semco in Brazil.<br />
<br />
In A New Way to Govern Turnbull summarised the terminal flaws of command and control hierarchies: the tendency of centralised power to corrupt; the difficulty of managing complexity; and the suppression of “natural” — human —checks and balances. In their place he proposed organisations which are able to “break complexity down into manageable units, and decompose organisational decision-making into a network of independent control centres.” In short, his thesis argued that command and control hierarchies must be replaced by “network governance” and that where this includes stakeholders — not merely staff but customers, communities, suppliers or distributors — a whole new dimension of economic, social and political benefit opens up.<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)"<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Company Formats]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Cooperativism]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Open_Cooperatives&diff=90570Open Cooperatives2015-04-25T08:06:48Z<p>Dante: /* Platform Cooperativism Software Projects */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Michel Bauwens==<br />
<br />
#That coops need to be statutorily (internally) oriented towards the common good <br />
#That coops need to have governance models including all stakeholders<br />
#That coops need to actively co-produce the creation of immaterial and material commons<br />
#That coops need to be organized socially and politically on a global basis, even as they produce locally.<br />
<br />
Example: [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Josef Davies-Coates==<br />
<br />
"Co-ops that combine best practices from the international co-operative movement with best practices from the open source software and hardware communities are now possible. Soon anyone will be able to set up an Open Co-op and invite all their stakeholders to help finance, govern and organise the co-op online."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Pioneering examples:<br />
<br />
==[[Catalan Integral Cooperative]]==<br />
<br />
* [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Sensorica]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Sensorica are an ‘Open Value Network’ focussed on two primary activities: creating open hardware products; and developing the Open Value Network (OVN) model. OVNs are variously described as “people creating value together, by contributing work, money and goods, and sharing the income” a “framework for many-to-many innovation” and a “model for commons-based peer production.” The basic concept is very similar to the Bettermeans “contribution-based-rewards” idea, but in OVNs contributions other than completed tasks are also accounted for. They are currently working with Bob Haugen and Lynn Foster at Mikorizal Software to develop a prototype open source value accounting platform called ValNet."<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Enspiral]] Network==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Enspiral is made up of three parts: The Enspiral Foundation, Enspiral Services and Startup Ventures. I’d say they’re the best current example of an Open Co-op, but how they actually describe themselves is as “a virtual and physical network of companies and professionals working together to create a thriving society” and as an “experiment to create a collaborative network that helps people do meaningful work.” A core part of their strategy is to open source their model. In short, not only are they doing almost exactly what United Diversity wants to do — they’re also building the open source tools actually needed to do it!<br />
<br />
The Enspiral Foundation is the charitable company at the heart of the Enspiral network. It’s the legal custodian of assets held collectively by the network, and the entity with which companies and individuals have a formal relationship. Decisions are made using [[Loomio]] and budgets are set using [[Cobudget]].<br />
<br />
A network of professionals work together in teams to offer Enspiral Services, a range of business services under one roof. By default members pool 20% of their invoices into a collective bucket, 25% of which goes to the Foundation. Loomio and Cobudget are then used to decide how to spend the rest. For Startup Ventures, Enspiral works with social entrepreneurs to launch start-ups who then support the work of the Foundation, and Enspiral as a whole, through flexible revenue share agreements: ventures choose their own contribution rate, usually around 5% of revenue."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Tools=<br />
<br />
==[[Microgenius]]== <br />
<br />
(and other funding tools)<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Originally started by Cambridge-based entrepreneur Emily Mackay, Microgenius is the UK’s first platform for community share offers and is now part of the Community Shares Unit. Societies can also sell shares via Crowdfunder and BuzzBnk, and can advertise share issues on Ethex, the Trillion Fund, and on Shares.coop — where the widest range of live Community Share Offers in the UK are listed. Co-operative Companies Limited by Shares can do equity crowdfunding on Crowdcube (which also powers Microgenius) and Seedrs.<br />
<br />
Open source platforms specifically created to help open and/or co-operative projects include: Goteo for crowdfunding the commons; Open Funding and Bountysource for cofunding free software; Gittip for giving small weekly cash gifts to people you love and are inspired by; Snowdrift, a monthly matched patronage system; and Coopfunding.net, a wordpress powered crowdfunding platform for co-ops in Spain (we’ve got plans for something similar in the UK). Catarse, Selfstarter and tilt are other open source options, and there are numerous bitcoin powered platforms out there, too (e.g. Swarm)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[One Click Coop]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"One Clicks Orgs, a social enterprise whose strapline is “Legal Structures and Group Voting Made Easy,” created the One Click Co-op in partnership with Co-operatives UK and NESTA. Launched in June 2013 and approved by UK regulators it is the first fully-online co-operative structure in the world. The open source platform permits members to contribute agenda items, browse archived minutes and participate in votes electronically. It’s pretty awesome, but having been built on a relative shoestring also pretty basic. Only Co-operatives UK’s multi-stakeholder co-operative rules are supported and you can’t, for example, the balance the interests of stakeholder groups by giving them different proportions of overall control (like you can with the Somerset Rules)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Loomio]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Loomio — a free and open source tool for collaborative decision-making — is what happened when Enspiral met Occupy. Enspiral were committed to being a flat organisation, empowering employees to be autonomous and involved in leadership and decision making. But without the right platform, the overheads of engaging lots of people made it hard to deliver on this grand vision. In practice, only a few people were making most of the important decisions. Similarly, Occupy activists were finding it hard to make consensus decisions with large groups of people. Loud voices dominated and people with less time to commit to the process were being marginalised. They were missing out on the power of including a truly diverse range of perspectives. Together they developed Loomio."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cobudget]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Cobudget is another open source app being developed by Enspiral. It works like this: each month contributions to collective funds are published. Everyone can see who contributed what and how much money is in the budget. Basic core expenses (previously collectively agreed on Loomio) are subtracted and what’s left is the discretionary budget. Each person or company retains the right to allocate their part of discretionary funds and anyone in the network can start a “bucket” — a proposal to do work that requires funding. They write up a proposal making their case for why the work they want to do will benefit everyone and why they are the right person to deliver the project. Everyone then considers the buckets and decides which ones to “fill” with their portion of the discretionary budget. If people collectively feel like a project is a good use of resources, it will get funded. If there are critical budgeting priorities taking precedence, “nice to have” projects won’t get any funds that round. Funders can split up their allocations as they like, or put it all in one bucket. In aggregate, the result is a budget that reflects the collective priorities of the group, determined in proportion to real stakeholding and in the context of the big picture goals. The entire process takes place transparently."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Open App Ecosystem]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Building on the work of Loomio and Cobudget the Open App Ecosystem is an Enspiral project to develop suite of integrated and open sourced apps which support transparent, democratic and decentralised organising. The aim is for the software to act as a delivery mechanism for cultural viruses which decentralise money, information and control and promote happiness, empowerment and wellbeing throughout an organisation. They also have the side effect of helping organisations become more efficient, resilient and adaptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates has developed a concept of open cooperatives which focuses on open and transparent non-hierarchical distributed governance and ownership. See: [http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/ Open Co-ops: Inspiration, Legal Structures and Tools]<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens developed a concept of open cooperatives that stresses the co-production of open commons. See: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Antecedents and Inspirations==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
* "The [[Open Organisations Project]] emerged. Their goal was “to explain how to set up and maintain transparent, accountable and truly participative communities” and they came up with a useful set of six process and eight functional rules together with some basic guidelines for how to implement them."<br />
<br />
* The [[Viable System Model]] (VSM): "Stafford Beer used the term ‘viable system’ to describe the same thing and outlined some of their properties in the VSM. <br />
<br />
In short, the model says that in order to be viable (i.e., able to autonomously adapt and survive in response to a changing environment) a system must have the following five sub-systems:<br />
<br />
#System 1: Interacting operational units. Think organs in a body, or players in a team.<br />
#System 2: Responsible for stability and conflict resolution between operational units.<br />
#System 3: An ‘Internal Eye’ optimising and generating synergies between operational units.<br />
#System 4: An ‘External Eye’ allows strategies and plans to adapt to a changing environment.<br />
#System 5: Where ultimate authority lies and is responsible developing policy.<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Bettermeans]] and The [[Open Enterprise Manifesto]]: In April 2010 a project called Bettermeans “formed to promote the values of openness, transparency, autonomy, contribution-based-rewards (meritocracy), democracy, integrity, and values-oriented, purpose-driven work” released The Open Enterprise Manifesto. It was a familiar story: replace “the command and control hierarchy” with “collaboration and open participation;” create organisations “more like living dynamic networks, and less like pyramids;” plus the standard mentions of Linux, Wikipedia, Mondragón and Visa to demonstrate how aspects of the model had already been shown to work at scale. Bettermeans were trying to bring these various aspects together in a single cohesive model, and they made a pretty good stab at building the necessary tools to make such a model widely available and adoptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Towards a [[Open Coop Development Agency]]==<br />
<br />
As proposed by Henry Tam:<br />
<br />
"I’m thinking that the priority should be given to the setting up of some form of Open Coop Development Agency – it could be a stand-alone or a federated network with existing pro-Open Coop groups and institutions as supporters. <br />
<br />
Scale is important, but we know that effective coop federation can give us big organisational clout while retaining accountability to small autonomous units. And what would OCDA do? From your report and other writings colleagues have produced, I would say an 8-point programme: <br />
<br />
1. Promote and provide learning on why and how open cooperatives should be set up and developed.<br />
<br />
2. Provide coop business angels to give advice (on a voluntary basis; funded by a central body supported by members’ contributions; or a fee on terms agreed with the advice-receiver).<br />
<br />
3. Arrange low cost loans/investment.<br />
<br />
4. Arrange cooperatisation of non open coop businesses (arranging for discussions/voting sessions, lending money to workers to take over the business).<br />
<br />
5. Work with political parties to secure commitments to pro-open cooperativist policies.<br />
<br />
6. Negotiate with local and national govt to set up community owned trusts, and other appropriate policy actions.<br />
<br />
7. Adjudicate/mediate between multi-stakeholders.<br />
<br />
8. Safeguard open coops from sell-outs or unprincipled takeovers.<br />
<br />
If these elements are already covered by a range of organisations, then joining them under a much higher profile umbrella would itself give impetus to maximising their synergy (1 is certainly the raison detre of Synergia!). <br />
<br />
Historically, if we look at the development of social democracy in Sweden in early 20th century, or the rise of the New Right in the US in the 1970s/1980s, the key change came from the establishment of organisations that are dedicated to drive hitherto disparate movements and fragmented forces into a common mutually-reinforcing change programme."<br />
(email 2/2015)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* why we need [[Open Cooperatives]]: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
* in-depth rationale: [[From the Communism of Capital to a Capital for the Commons]]<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , Software list<br />
<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
===Article===<br />
<br />
'''*From the Communism of Capital to Capital for the Commons: Towards an Open Co-operativism. By Michel Bauwens, Vasilis Kostakis. Triple C, Vol 12, No 1 (2014)''' <br />
<br />
URL = http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/561<br />
<br />
"Abstract<br />
<br />
Two prominent social progressive movements are faced with a few contradictions and a paradox. On the one side, we have a re-emergence of the co-operative movement and worker-owned enterprises which suffer from certain structural weaknesses. On the other, we have an emergent field of open and Commons-oriented peer production initiatives which create common pools of knowledge for the whole of humanity, but are dominated by start-ups and large multinational enterprises using the same Commons. Thus we have a paradox: the more communist the sharing license used in the peer production of free software or open hardware, the more capitalist the practice. To tackle this paradox and the aforementioned contradictions, we tentatively suggest a new convergence that would combine both Commons-oriented open peer production models with common ownership and governance models, such as those of the co-operatives and the solidarity economic models."<br />
<br />
===Books===<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Two books, '''A New Way to Govern: Organisations and Society after Enron by Shann Turnbull''' (2002), and '''[[Gaian Democracies]]: Redefining Globalisation and People-Power by John Jopling and Roy Madron''' (2003) were both very influential on our thinking. They introduced us to the principles behind Spain’s huge co-operative network Mondragon, and other large scale business with innovative organisational structures such VISA International and Semco in Brazil.<br />
<br />
In A New Way to Govern Turnbull summarised the terminal flaws of command and control hierarchies: the tendency of centralised power to corrupt; the difficulty of managing complexity; and the suppression of “natural” — human —checks and balances. In their place he proposed organisations which are able to “break complexity down into manageable units, and decompose organisational decision-making into a network of independent control centres.” In short, his thesis argued that command and control hierarchies must be replaced by “network governance” and that where this includes stakeholders — not merely staff but customers, communities, suppliers or distributors — a whole new dimension of economic, social and political benefit opens up.<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)"<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Company Formats]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Cooperativism]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Open_Cooperatives&diff=90569Open Cooperatives2015-04-25T08:06:16Z<p>Dante: /* Platform Cooperativism Software Projects */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Michel Bauwens==<br />
<br />
#That coops need to be statutorily (internally) oriented towards the common good <br />
#That coops need to have governance models including all stakeholders<br />
#That coops need to actively co-produce the creation of immaterial and material commons<br />
#That coops need to be organized socially and politically on a global basis, even as they produce locally.<br />
<br />
Example: [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Josef Davies-Coates==<br />
<br />
"Co-ops that combine best practices from the international co-operative movement with best practices from the open source software and hardware communities are now possible. Soon anyone will be able to set up an Open Co-op and invite all their stakeholders to help finance, govern and organise the co-op online."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Pioneering examples:<br />
<br />
==[[Catalan Integral Cooperative]]==<br />
<br />
* [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Sensorica]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Sensorica are an ‘Open Value Network’ focussed on two primary activities: creating open hardware products; and developing the Open Value Network (OVN) model. OVNs are variously described as “people creating value together, by contributing work, money and goods, and sharing the income” a “framework for many-to-many innovation” and a “model for commons-based peer production.” The basic concept is very similar to the Bettermeans “contribution-based-rewards” idea, but in OVNs contributions other than completed tasks are also accounted for. They are currently working with Bob Haugen and Lynn Foster at Mikorizal Software to develop a prototype open source value accounting platform called ValNet."<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Enspiral]] Network==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Enspiral is made up of three parts: The Enspiral Foundation, Enspiral Services and Startup Ventures. I’d say they’re the best current example of an Open Co-op, but how they actually describe themselves is as “a virtual and physical network of companies and professionals working together to create a thriving society” and as an “experiment to create a collaborative network that helps people do meaningful work.” A core part of their strategy is to open source their model. In short, not only are they doing almost exactly what United Diversity wants to do — they’re also building the open source tools actually needed to do it!<br />
<br />
The Enspiral Foundation is the charitable company at the heart of the Enspiral network. It’s the legal custodian of assets held collectively by the network, and the entity with which companies and individuals have a formal relationship. Decisions are made using [[Loomio]] and budgets are set using [[Cobudget]].<br />
<br />
A network of professionals work together in teams to offer Enspiral Services, a range of business services under one roof. By default members pool 20% of their invoices into a collective bucket, 25% of which goes to the Foundation. Loomio and Cobudget are then used to decide how to spend the rest. For Startup Ventures, Enspiral works with social entrepreneurs to launch start-ups who then support the work of the Foundation, and Enspiral as a whole, through flexible revenue share agreements: ventures choose their own contribution rate, usually around 5% of revenue."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Tools=<br />
<br />
==[[Microgenius]]== <br />
<br />
(and other funding tools)<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Originally started by Cambridge-based entrepreneur Emily Mackay, Microgenius is the UK’s first platform for community share offers and is now part of the Community Shares Unit. Societies can also sell shares via Crowdfunder and BuzzBnk, and can advertise share issues on Ethex, the Trillion Fund, and on Shares.coop — where the widest range of live Community Share Offers in the UK are listed. Co-operative Companies Limited by Shares can do equity crowdfunding on Crowdcube (which also powers Microgenius) and Seedrs.<br />
<br />
Open source platforms specifically created to help open and/or co-operative projects include: Goteo for crowdfunding the commons; Open Funding and Bountysource for cofunding free software; Gittip for giving small weekly cash gifts to people you love and are inspired by; Snowdrift, a monthly matched patronage system; and Coopfunding.net, a wordpress powered crowdfunding platform for co-ops in Spain (we’ve got plans for something similar in the UK). Catarse, Selfstarter and tilt are other open source options, and there are numerous bitcoin powered platforms out there, too (e.g. Swarm)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[One Click Coop]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"One Clicks Orgs, a social enterprise whose strapline is “Legal Structures and Group Voting Made Easy,” created the One Click Co-op in partnership with Co-operatives UK and NESTA. Launched in June 2013 and approved by UK regulators it is the first fully-online co-operative structure in the world. The open source platform permits members to contribute agenda items, browse archived minutes and participate in votes electronically. It’s pretty awesome, but having been built on a relative shoestring also pretty basic. Only Co-operatives UK’s multi-stakeholder co-operative rules are supported and you can’t, for example, the balance the interests of stakeholder groups by giving them different proportions of overall control (like you can with the Somerset Rules)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Loomio]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Loomio — a free and open source tool for collaborative decision-making — is what happened when Enspiral met Occupy. Enspiral were committed to being a flat organisation, empowering employees to be autonomous and involved in leadership and decision making. But without the right platform, the overheads of engaging lots of people made it hard to deliver on this grand vision. In practice, only a few people were making most of the important decisions. Similarly, Occupy activists were finding it hard to make consensus decisions with large groups of people. Loud voices dominated and people with less time to commit to the process were being marginalised. They were missing out on the power of including a truly diverse range of perspectives. Together they developed Loomio."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cobudget]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Cobudget is another open source app being developed by Enspiral. It works like this: each month contributions to collective funds are published. Everyone can see who contributed what and how much money is in the budget. Basic core expenses (previously collectively agreed on Loomio) are subtracted and what’s left is the discretionary budget. Each person or company retains the right to allocate their part of discretionary funds and anyone in the network can start a “bucket” — a proposal to do work that requires funding. They write up a proposal making their case for why the work they want to do will benefit everyone and why they are the right person to deliver the project. Everyone then considers the buckets and decides which ones to “fill” with their portion of the discretionary budget. If people collectively feel like a project is a good use of resources, it will get funded. If there are critical budgeting priorities taking precedence, “nice to have” projects won’t get any funds that round. Funders can split up their allocations as they like, or put it all in one bucket. In aggregate, the result is a budget that reflects the collective priorities of the group, determined in proportion to real stakeholding and in the context of the big picture goals. The entire process takes place transparently."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Open App Ecosystem]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Building on the work of Loomio and Cobudget the Open App Ecosystem is an Enspiral project to develop suite of integrated and open sourced apps which support transparent, democratic and decentralised organising. The aim is for the software to act as a delivery mechanism for cultural viruses which decentralise money, information and control and promote happiness, empowerment and wellbeing throughout an organisation. They also have the side effect of helping organisations become more efficient, resilient and adaptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Platform Cooperativism]] Software Projects==<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , list of software including tools above , and more<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates has developed a concept of open cooperatives which focuses on open and transparent non-hierarchical distributed governance and ownership. See: [http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/ Open Co-ops: Inspiration, Legal Structures and Tools]<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens developed a concept of open cooperatives that stresses the co-production of open commons. See: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Antecedents and Inspirations==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
* "The [[Open Organisations Project]] emerged. Their goal was “to explain how to set up and maintain transparent, accountable and truly participative communities” and they came up with a useful set of six process and eight functional rules together with some basic guidelines for how to implement them."<br />
<br />
* The [[Viable System Model]] (VSM): "Stafford Beer used the term ‘viable system’ to describe the same thing and outlined some of their properties in the VSM. <br />
<br />
In short, the model says that in order to be viable (i.e., able to autonomously adapt and survive in response to a changing environment) a system must have the following five sub-systems:<br />
<br />
#System 1: Interacting operational units. Think organs in a body, or players in a team.<br />
#System 2: Responsible for stability and conflict resolution between operational units.<br />
#System 3: An ‘Internal Eye’ optimising and generating synergies between operational units.<br />
#System 4: An ‘External Eye’ allows strategies and plans to adapt to a changing environment.<br />
#System 5: Where ultimate authority lies and is responsible developing policy.<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Bettermeans]] and The [[Open Enterprise Manifesto]]: In April 2010 a project called Bettermeans “formed to promote the values of openness, transparency, autonomy, contribution-based-rewards (meritocracy), democracy, integrity, and values-oriented, purpose-driven work” released The Open Enterprise Manifesto. It was a familiar story: replace “the command and control hierarchy” with “collaboration and open participation;” create organisations “more like living dynamic networks, and less like pyramids;” plus the standard mentions of Linux, Wikipedia, Mondragón and Visa to demonstrate how aspects of the model had already been shown to work at scale. Bettermeans were trying to bring these various aspects together in a single cohesive model, and they made a pretty good stab at building the necessary tools to make such a model widely available and adoptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Towards a [[Open Coop Development Agency]]==<br />
<br />
As proposed by Henry Tam:<br />
<br />
"I’m thinking that the priority should be given to the setting up of some form of Open Coop Development Agency – it could be a stand-alone or a federated network with existing pro-Open Coop groups and institutions as supporters. <br />
<br />
Scale is important, but we know that effective coop federation can give us big organisational clout while retaining accountability to small autonomous units. And what would OCDA do? From your report and other writings colleagues have produced, I would say an 8-point programme: <br />
<br />
1. Promote and provide learning on why and how open cooperatives should be set up and developed.<br />
<br />
2. Provide coop business angels to give advice (on a voluntary basis; funded by a central body supported by members’ contributions; or a fee on terms agreed with the advice-receiver).<br />
<br />
3. Arrange low cost loans/investment.<br />
<br />
4. Arrange cooperatisation of non open coop businesses (arranging for discussions/voting sessions, lending money to workers to take over the business).<br />
<br />
5. Work with political parties to secure commitments to pro-open cooperativist policies.<br />
<br />
6. Negotiate with local and national govt to set up community owned trusts, and other appropriate policy actions.<br />
<br />
7. Adjudicate/mediate between multi-stakeholders.<br />
<br />
8. Safeguard open coops from sell-outs or unprincipled takeovers.<br />
<br />
If these elements are already covered by a range of organisations, then joining them under a much higher profile umbrella would itself give impetus to maximising their synergy (1 is certainly the raison detre of Synergia!). <br />
<br />
Historically, if we look at the development of social democracy in Sweden in early 20th century, or the rise of the New Right in the US in the 1970s/1980s, the key change came from the establishment of organisations that are dedicated to drive hitherto disparate movements and fragmented forces into a common mutually-reinforcing change programme."<br />
(email 2/2015)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* why we need [[Open Cooperatives]]: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
* in-depth rationale: [[From the Communism of Capital to a Capital for the Commons]]<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , Software list<br />
<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
===Article===<br />
<br />
'''*From the Communism of Capital to Capital for the Commons: Towards an Open Co-operativism. By Michel Bauwens, Vasilis Kostakis. Triple C, Vol 12, No 1 (2014)''' <br />
<br />
URL = http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/561<br />
<br />
"Abstract<br />
<br />
Two prominent social progressive movements are faced with a few contradictions and a paradox. On the one side, we have a re-emergence of the co-operative movement and worker-owned enterprises which suffer from certain structural weaknesses. On the other, we have an emergent field of open and Commons-oriented peer production initiatives which create common pools of knowledge for the whole of humanity, but are dominated by start-ups and large multinational enterprises using the same Commons. Thus we have a paradox: the more communist the sharing license used in the peer production of free software or open hardware, the more capitalist the practice. To tackle this paradox and the aforementioned contradictions, we tentatively suggest a new convergence that would combine both Commons-oriented open peer production models with common ownership and governance models, such as those of the co-operatives and the solidarity economic models."<br />
<br />
===Books===<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Two books, '''A New Way to Govern: Organisations and Society after Enron by Shann Turnbull''' (2002), and '''[[Gaian Democracies]]: Redefining Globalisation and People-Power by John Jopling and Roy Madron''' (2003) were both very influential on our thinking. They introduced us to the principles behind Spain’s huge co-operative network Mondragon, and other large scale business with innovative organisational structures such VISA International and Semco in Brazil.<br />
<br />
In A New Way to Govern Turnbull summarised the terminal flaws of command and control hierarchies: the tendency of centralised power to corrupt; the difficulty of managing complexity; and the suppression of “natural” — human —checks and balances. In their place he proposed organisations which are able to “break complexity down into manageable units, and decompose organisational decision-making into a network of independent control centres.” In short, his thesis argued that command and control hierarchies must be replaced by “network governance” and that where this includes stakeholders — not merely staff but customers, communities, suppliers or distributors — a whole new dimension of economic, social and political benefit opens up.<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)"<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Company Formats]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Cooperativism]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Open_Cooperatives&diff=90568Open Cooperatives2015-04-25T08:05:00Z<p>Dante: /* Platform Cooperativism Software Projects */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Michel Bauwens==<br />
<br />
#That coops need to be statutorily (internally) oriented towards the common good <br />
#That coops need to have governance models including all stakeholders<br />
#That coops need to actively co-produce the creation of immaterial and material commons<br />
#That coops need to be organized socially and politically on a global basis, even as they produce locally.<br />
<br />
Example: [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Josef Davies-Coates==<br />
<br />
"Co-ops that combine best practices from the international co-operative movement with best practices from the open source software and hardware communities are now possible. Soon anyone will be able to set up an Open Co-op and invite all their stakeholders to help finance, govern and organise the co-op online."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Pioneering examples:<br />
<br />
==[[Catalan Integral Cooperative]]==<br />
<br />
* [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Sensorica]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Sensorica are an ‘Open Value Network’ focussed on two primary activities: creating open hardware products; and developing the Open Value Network (OVN) model. OVNs are variously described as “people creating value together, by contributing work, money and goods, and sharing the income” a “framework for many-to-many innovation” and a “model for commons-based peer production.” The basic concept is very similar to the Bettermeans “contribution-based-rewards” idea, but in OVNs contributions other than completed tasks are also accounted for. They are currently working with Bob Haugen and Lynn Foster at Mikorizal Software to develop a prototype open source value accounting platform called ValNet."<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Enspiral]] Network==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Enspiral is made up of three parts: The Enspiral Foundation, Enspiral Services and Startup Ventures. I’d say they’re the best current example of an Open Co-op, but how they actually describe themselves is as “a virtual and physical network of companies and professionals working together to create a thriving society” and as an “experiment to create a collaborative network that helps people do meaningful work.” A core part of their strategy is to open source their model. In short, not only are they doing almost exactly what United Diversity wants to do — they’re also building the open source tools actually needed to do it!<br />
<br />
The Enspiral Foundation is the charitable company at the heart of the Enspiral network. It’s the legal custodian of assets held collectively by the network, and the entity with which companies and individuals have a formal relationship. Decisions are made using [[Loomio]] and budgets are set using [[Cobudget]].<br />
<br />
A network of professionals work together in teams to offer Enspiral Services, a range of business services under one roof. By default members pool 20% of their invoices into a collective bucket, 25% of which goes to the Foundation. Loomio and Cobudget are then used to decide how to spend the rest. For Startup Ventures, Enspiral works with social entrepreneurs to launch start-ups who then support the work of the Foundation, and Enspiral as a whole, through flexible revenue share agreements: ventures choose their own contribution rate, usually around 5% of revenue."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Tools=<br />
<br />
==[[Microgenius]]== <br />
<br />
(and other funding tools)<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Originally started by Cambridge-based entrepreneur Emily Mackay, Microgenius is the UK’s first platform for community share offers and is now part of the Community Shares Unit. Societies can also sell shares via Crowdfunder and BuzzBnk, and can advertise share issues on Ethex, the Trillion Fund, and on Shares.coop — where the widest range of live Community Share Offers in the UK are listed. Co-operative Companies Limited by Shares can do equity crowdfunding on Crowdcube (which also powers Microgenius) and Seedrs.<br />
<br />
Open source platforms specifically created to help open and/or co-operative projects include: Goteo for crowdfunding the commons; Open Funding and Bountysource for cofunding free software; Gittip for giving small weekly cash gifts to people you love and are inspired by; Snowdrift, a monthly matched patronage system; and Coopfunding.net, a wordpress powered crowdfunding platform for co-ops in Spain (we’ve got plans for something similar in the UK). Catarse, Selfstarter and tilt are other open source options, and there are numerous bitcoin powered platforms out there, too (e.g. Swarm)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[One Click Coop]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"One Clicks Orgs, a social enterprise whose strapline is “Legal Structures and Group Voting Made Easy,” created the One Click Co-op in partnership with Co-operatives UK and NESTA. Launched in June 2013 and approved by UK regulators it is the first fully-online co-operative structure in the world. The open source platform permits members to contribute agenda items, browse archived minutes and participate in votes electronically. It’s pretty awesome, but having been built on a relative shoestring also pretty basic. Only Co-operatives UK’s multi-stakeholder co-operative rules are supported and you can’t, for example, the balance the interests of stakeholder groups by giving them different proportions of overall control (like you can with the Somerset Rules)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Loomio]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Loomio — a free and open source tool for collaborative decision-making — is what happened when Enspiral met Occupy. Enspiral were committed to being a flat organisation, empowering employees to be autonomous and involved in leadership and decision making. But without the right platform, the overheads of engaging lots of people made it hard to deliver on this grand vision. In practice, only a few people were making most of the important decisions. Similarly, Occupy activists were finding it hard to make consensus decisions with large groups of people. Loud voices dominated and people with less time to commit to the process were being marginalised. They were missing out on the power of including a truly diverse range of perspectives. Together they developed Loomio."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cobudget]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Cobudget is another open source app being developed by Enspiral. It works like this: each month contributions to collective funds are published. Everyone can see who contributed what and how much money is in the budget. Basic core expenses (previously collectively agreed on Loomio) are subtracted and what’s left is the discretionary budget. Each person or company retains the right to allocate their part of discretionary funds and anyone in the network can start a “bucket” — a proposal to do work that requires funding. They write up a proposal making their case for why the work they want to do will benefit everyone and why they are the right person to deliver the project. Everyone then considers the buckets and decides which ones to “fill” with their portion of the discretionary budget. If people collectively feel like a project is a good use of resources, it will get funded. If there are critical budgeting priorities taking precedence, “nice to have” projects won’t get any funds that round. Funders can split up their allocations as they like, or put it all in one bucket. In aggregate, the result is a budget that reflects the collective priorities of the group, determined in proportion to real stakeholding and in the context of the big picture goals. The entire process takes place transparently."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Open App Ecosystem]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Building on the work of Loomio and Cobudget the Open App Ecosystem is an Enspiral project to develop suite of integrated and open sourced apps which support transparent, democratic and decentralised organising. The aim is for the software to act as a delivery mechanism for cultural viruses which decentralise money, information and control and promote happiness, empowerment and wellbeing throughout an organisation. They also have the side effect of helping organisations become more efficient, resilient and adaptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Platform Cooperativism]] Software Projects==<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates has developed a concept of open cooperatives which focuses on open and transparent non-hierarchical distributed governance and ownership. See: [http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/ Open Co-ops: Inspiration, Legal Structures and Tools]<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens developed a concept of open cooperatives that stresses the co-production of open commons. See: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Antecedents and Inspirations==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
* "The [[Open Organisations Project]] emerged. Their goal was “to explain how to set up and maintain transparent, accountable and truly participative communities” and they came up with a useful set of six process and eight functional rules together with some basic guidelines for how to implement them."<br />
<br />
* The [[Viable System Model]] (VSM): "Stafford Beer used the term ‘viable system’ to describe the same thing and outlined some of their properties in the VSM. <br />
<br />
In short, the model says that in order to be viable (i.e., able to autonomously adapt and survive in response to a changing environment) a system must have the following five sub-systems:<br />
<br />
#System 1: Interacting operational units. Think organs in a body, or players in a team.<br />
#System 2: Responsible for stability and conflict resolution between operational units.<br />
#System 3: An ‘Internal Eye’ optimising and generating synergies between operational units.<br />
#System 4: An ‘External Eye’ allows strategies and plans to adapt to a changing environment.<br />
#System 5: Where ultimate authority lies and is responsible developing policy.<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Bettermeans]] and The [[Open Enterprise Manifesto]]: In April 2010 a project called Bettermeans “formed to promote the values of openness, transparency, autonomy, contribution-based-rewards (meritocracy), democracy, integrity, and values-oriented, purpose-driven work” released The Open Enterprise Manifesto. It was a familiar story: replace “the command and control hierarchy” with “collaboration and open participation;” create organisations “more like living dynamic networks, and less like pyramids;” plus the standard mentions of Linux, Wikipedia, Mondragón and Visa to demonstrate how aspects of the model had already been shown to work at scale. Bettermeans were trying to bring these various aspects together in a single cohesive model, and they made a pretty good stab at building the necessary tools to make such a model widely available and adoptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Towards a [[Open Coop Development Agency]]==<br />
<br />
As proposed by Henry Tam:<br />
<br />
"I’m thinking that the priority should be given to the setting up of some form of Open Coop Development Agency – it could be a stand-alone or a federated network with existing pro-Open Coop groups and institutions as supporters. <br />
<br />
Scale is important, but we know that effective coop federation can give us big organisational clout while retaining accountability to small autonomous units. And what would OCDA do? From your report and other writings colleagues have produced, I would say an 8-point programme: <br />
<br />
1. Promote and provide learning on why and how open cooperatives should be set up and developed.<br />
<br />
2. Provide coop business angels to give advice (on a voluntary basis; funded by a central body supported by members’ contributions; or a fee on terms agreed with the advice-receiver).<br />
<br />
3. Arrange low cost loans/investment.<br />
<br />
4. Arrange cooperatisation of non open coop businesses (arranging for discussions/voting sessions, lending money to workers to take over the business).<br />
<br />
5. Work with political parties to secure commitments to pro-open cooperativist policies.<br />
<br />
6. Negotiate with local and national govt to set up community owned trusts, and other appropriate policy actions.<br />
<br />
7. Adjudicate/mediate between multi-stakeholders.<br />
<br />
8. Safeguard open coops from sell-outs or unprincipled takeovers.<br />
<br />
If these elements are already covered by a range of organisations, then joining them under a much higher profile umbrella would itself give impetus to maximising their synergy (1 is certainly the raison detre of Synergia!). <br />
<br />
Historically, if we look at the development of social democracy in Sweden in early 20th century, or the rise of the New Right in the US in the 1970s/1980s, the key change came from the establishment of organisations that are dedicated to drive hitherto disparate movements and fragmented forces into a common mutually-reinforcing change programme."<br />
(email 2/2015)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* why we need [[Open Cooperatives]]: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
* in-depth rationale: [[From the Communism of Capital to a Capital for the Commons]]<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , Software list<br />
<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
===Article===<br />
<br />
'''*From the Communism of Capital to Capital for the Commons: Towards an Open Co-operativism. By Michel Bauwens, Vasilis Kostakis. Triple C, Vol 12, No 1 (2014)''' <br />
<br />
URL = http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/561<br />
<br />
"Abstract<br />
<br />
Two prominent social progressive movements are faced with a few contradictions and a paradox. On the one side, we have a re-emergence of the co-operative movement and worker-owned enterprises which suffer from certain structural weaknesses. On the other, we have an emergent field of open and Commons-oriented peer production initiatives which create common pools of knowledge for the whole of humanity, but are dominated by start-ups and large multinational enterprises using the same Commons. Thus we have a paradox: the more communist the sharing license used in the peer production of free software or open hardware, the more capitalist the practice. To tackle this paradox and the aforementioned contradictions, we tentatively suggest a new convergence that would combine both Commons-oriented open peer production models with common ownership and governance models, such as those of the co-operatives and the solidarity economic models."<br />
<br />
===Books===<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Two books, '''A New Way to Govern: Organisations and Society after Enron by Shann Turnbull''' (2002), and '''[[Gaian Democracies]]: Redefining Globalisation and People-Power by John Jopling and Roy Madron''' (2003) were both very influential on our thinking. They introduced us to the principles behind Spain’s huge co-operative network Mondragon, and other large scale business with innovative organisational structures such VISA International and Semco in Brazil.<br />
<br />
In A New Way to Govern Turnbull summarised the terminal flaws of command and control hierarchies: the tendency of centralised power to corrupt; the difficulty of managing complexity; and the suppression of “natural” — human —checks and balances. In their place he proposed organisations which are able to “break complexity down into manageable units, and decompose organisational decision-making into a network of independent control centres.” In short, his thesis argued that command and control hierarchies must be replaced by “network governance” and that where this includes stakeholders — not merely staff but customers, communities, suppliers or distributors — a whole new dimension of economic, social and political benefit opens up.<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)"<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Company Formats]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Cooperativism]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Open_Cooperatives&diff=90567Open Cooperatives2015-04-25T08:04:43Z<p>Dante: Platform Cooperativism</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Michel Bauwens==<br />
<br />
#That coops need to be statutorily (internally) oriented towards the common good <br />
#That coops need to have governance models including all stakeholders<br />
#That coops need to actively co-produce the creation of immaterial and material commons<br />
#That coops need to be organized socially and politically on a global basis, even as they produce locally.<br />
<br />
Example: [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Josef Davies-Coates==<br />
<br />
"Co-ops that combine best practices from the international co-operative movement with best practices from the open source software and hardware communities are now possible. Soon anyone will be able to set up an Open Co-op and invite all their stakeholders to help finance, govern and organise the co-op online."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Pioneering examples:<br />
<br />
==[[Catalan Integral Cooperative]]==<br />
<br />
* [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Sensorica]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Sensorica are an ‘Open Value Network’ focussed on two primary activities: creating open hardware products; and developing the Open Value Network (OVN) model. OVNs are variously described as “people creating value together, by contributing work, money and goods, and sharing the income” a “framework for many-to-many innovation” and a “model for commons-based peer production.” The basic concept is very similar to the Bettermeans “contribution-based-rewards” idea, but in OVNs contributions other than completed tasks are also accounted for. They are currently working with Bob Haugen and Lynn Foster at Mikorizal Software to develop a prototype open source value accounting platform called ValNet."<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Enspiral]] Network==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Enspiral is made up of three parts: The Enspiral Foundation, Enspiral Services and Startup Ventures. I’d say they’re the best current example of an Open Co-op, but how they actually describe themselves is as “a virtual and physical network of companies and professionals working together to create a thriving society” and as an “experiment to create a collaborative network that helps people do meaningful work.” A core part of their strategy is to open source their model. In short, not only are they doing almost exactly what United Diversity wants to do — they’re also building the open source tools actually needed to do it!<br />
<br />
The Enspiral Foundation is the charitable company at the heart of the Enspiral network. It’s the legal custodian of assets held collectively by the network, and the entity with which companies and individuals have a formal relationship. Decisions are made using [[Loomio]] and budgets are set using [[Cobudget]].<br />
<br />
A network of professionals work together in teams to offer Enspiral Services, a range of business services under one roof. By default members pool 20% of their invoices into a collective bucket, 25% of which goes to the Foundation. Loomio and Cobudget are then used to decide how to spend the rest. For Startup Ventures, Enspiral works with social entrepreneurs to launch start-ups who then support the work of the Foundation, and Enspiral as a whole, through flexible revenue share agreements: ventures choose their own contribution rate, usually around 5% of revenue."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Tools=<br />
<br />
==[[Microgenius]]== <br />
<br />
(and other funding tools)<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Originally started by Cambridge-based entrepreneur Emily Mackay, Microgenius is the UK’s first platform for community share offers and is now part of the Community Shares Unit. Societies can also sell shares via Crowdfunder and BuzzBnk, and can advertise share issues on Ethex, the Trillion Fund, and on Shares.coop — where the widest range of live Community Share Offers in the UK are listed. Co-operative Companies Limited by Shares can do equity crowdfunding on Crowdcube (which also powers Microgenius) and Seedrs.<br />
<br />
Open source platforms specifically created to help open and/or co-operative projects include: Goteo for crowdfunding the commons; Open Funding and Bountysource for cofunding free software; Gittip for giving small weekly cash gifts to people you love and are inspired by; Snowdrift, a monthly matched patronage system; and Coopfunding.net, a wordpress powered crowdfunding platform for co-ops in Spain (we’ve got plans for something similar in the UK). Catarse, Selfstarter and tilt are other open source options, and there are numerous bitcoin powered platforms out there, too (e.g. Swarm)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[One Click Coop]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"One Clicks Orgs, a social enterprise whose strapline is “Legal Structures and Group Voting Made Easy,” created the One Click Co-op in partnership with Co-operatives UK and NESTA. Launched in June 2013 and approved by UK regulators it is the first fully-online co-operative structure in the world. The open source platform permits members to contribute agenda items, browse archived minutes and participate in votes electronically. It’s pretty awesome, but having been built on a relative shoestring also pretty basic. Only Co-operatives UK’s multi-stakeholder co-operative rules are supported and you can’t, for example, the balance the interests of stakeholder groups by giving them different proportions of overall control (like you can with the Somerset Rules)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Loomio]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Loomio — a free and open source tool for collaborative decision-making — is what happened when Enspiral met Occupy. Enspiral were committed to being a flat organisation, empowering employees to be autonomous and involved in leadership and decision making. But without the right platform, the overheads of engaging lots of people made it hard to deliver on this grand vision. In practice, only a few people were making most of the important decisions. Similarly, Occupy activists were finding it hard to make consensus decisions with large groups of people. Loud voices dominated and people with less time to commit to the process were being marginalised. They were missing out on the power of including a truly diverse range of perspectives. Together they developed Loomio."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cobudget]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Cobudget is another open source app being developed by Enspiral. It works like this: each month contributions to collective funds are published. Everyone can see who contributed what and how much money is in the budget. Basic core expenses (previously collectively agreed on Loomio) are subtracted and what’s left is the discretionary budget. Each person or company retains the right to allocate their part of discretionary funds and anyone in the network can start a “bucket” — a proposal to do work that requires funding. They write up a proposal making their case for why the work they want to do will benefit everyone and why they are the right person to deliver the project. Everyone then considers the buckets and decides which ones to “fill” with their portion of the discretionary budget. If people collectively feel like a project is a good use of resources, it will get funded. If there are critical budgeting priorities taking precedence, “nice to have” projects won’t get any funds that round. Funders can split up their allocations as they like, or put it all in one bucket. In aggregate, the result is a budget that reflects the collective priorities of the group, determined in proportion to real stakeholding and in the context of the big picture goals. The entire process takes place transparently."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Open App Ecosystem]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Building on the work of Loomio and Cobudget the Open App Ecosystem is an Enspiral project to develop suite of integrated and open sourced apps which support transparent, democratic and decentralised organising. The aim is for the software to act as a delivery mechanism for cultural viruses which decentralise money, information and control and promote happiness, empowerment and wellbeing throughout an organisation. They also have the side effect of helping organisations become more efficient, resilient and adaptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Platform Cooperativism]] Software Projects==<br />
<br />
[[Platform_Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates has developed a concept of open cooperatives which focuses on open and transparent non-hierarchical distributed governance and ownership. See: [http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/ Open Co-ops: Inspiration, Legal Structures and Tools]<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens developed a concept of open cooperatives that stresses the co-production of open commons. See: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Antecedents and Inspirations==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
* "The [[Open Organisations Project]] emerged. Their goal was “to explain how to set up and maintain transparent, accountable and truly participative communities” and they came up with a useful set of six process and eight functional rules together with some basic guidelines for how to implement them."<br />
<br />
* The [[Viable System Model]] (VSM): "Stafford Beer used the term ‘viable system’ to describe the same thing and outlined some of their properties in the VSM. <br />
<br />
In short, the model says that in order to be viable (i.e., able to autonomously adapt and survive in response to a changing environment) a system must have the following five sub-systems:<br />
<br />
#System 1: Interacting operational units. Think organs in a body, or players in a team.<br />
#System 2: Responsible for stability and conflict resolution between operational units.<br />
#System 3: An ‘Internal Eye’ optimising and generating synergies between operational units.<br />
#System 4: An ‘External Eye’ allows strategies and plans to adapt to a changing environment.<br />
#System 5: Where ultimate authority lies and is responsible developing policy.<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Bettermeans]] and The [[Open Enterprise Manifesto]]: In April 2010 a project called Bettermeans “formed to promote the values of openness, transparency, autonomy, contribution-based-rewards (meritocracy), democracy, integrity, and values-oriented, purpose-driven work” released The Open Enterprise Manifesto. It was a familiar story: replace “the command and control hierarchy” with “collaboration and open participation;” create organisations “more like living dynamic networks, and less like pyramids;” plus the standard mentions of Linux, Wikipedia, Mondragón and Visa to demonstrate how aspects of the model had already been shown to work at scale. Bettermeans were trying to bring these various aspects together in a single cohesive model, and they made a pretty good stab at building the necessary tools to make such a model widely available and adoptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Towards a [[Open Coop Development Agency]]==<br />
<br />
As proposed by Henry Tam:<br />
<br />
"I’m thinking that the priority should be given to the setting up of some form of Open Coop Development Agency – it could be a stand-alone or a federated network with existing pro-Open Coop groups and institutions as supporters. <br />
<br />
Scale is important, but we know that effective coop federation can give us big organisational clout while retaining accountability to small autonomous units. And what would OCDA do? From your report and other writings colleagues have produced, I would say an 8-point programme: <br />
<br />
1. Promote and provide learning on why and how open cooperatives should be set up and developed.<br />
<br />
2. Provide coop business angels to give advice (on a voluntary basis; funded by a central body supported by members’ contributions; or a fee on terms agreed with the advice-receiver).<br />
<br />
3. Arrange low cost loans/investment.<br />
<br />
4. Arrange cooperatisation of non open coop businesses (arranging for discussions/voting sessions, lending money to workers to take over the business).<br />
<br />
5. Work with political parties to secure commitments to pro-open cooperativist policies.<br />
<br />
6. Negotiate with local and national govt to set up community owned trusts, and other appropriate policy actions.<br />
<br />
7. Adjudicate/mediate between multi-stakeholders.<br />
<br />
8. Safeguard open coops from sell-outs or unprincipled takeovers.<br />
<br />
If these elements are already covered by a range of organisations, then joining them under a much higher profile umbrella would itself give impetus to maximising their synergy (1 is certainly the raison detre of Synergia!). <br />
<br />
Historically, if we look at the development of social democracy in Sweden in early 20th century, or the rise of the New Right in the US in the 1970s/1980s, the key change came from the establishment of organisations that are dedicated to drive hitherto disparate movements and fragmented forces into a common mutually-reinforcing change programme."<br />
(email 2/2015)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* why we need [[Open Cooperatives]]: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
* in-depth rationale: [[From the Communism of Capital to a Capital for the Commons]]<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , Software list<br />
<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
===Article===<br />
<br />
'''*From the Communism of Capital to Capital for the Commons: Towards an Open Co-operativism. By Michel Bauwens, Vasilis Kostakis. Triple C, Vol 12, No 1 (2014)''' <br />
<br />
URL = http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/561<br />
<br />
"Abstract<br />
<br />
Two prominent social progressive movements are faced with a few contradictions and a paradox. On the one side, we have a re-emergence of the co-operative movement and worker-owned enterprises which suffer from certain structural weaknesses. On the other, we have an emergent field of open and Commons-oriented peer production initiatives which create common pools of knowledge for the whole of humanity, but are dominated by start-ups and large multinational enterprises using the same Commons. Thus we have a paradox: the more communist the sharing license used in the peer production of free software or open hardware, the more capitalist the practice. To tackle this paradox and the aforementioned contradictions, we tentatively suggest a new convergence that would combine both Commons-oriented open peer production models with common ownership and governance models, such as those of the co-operatives and the solidarity economic models."<br />
<br />
===Books===<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Two books, '''A New Way to Govern: Organisations and Society after Enron by Shann Turnbull''' (2002), and '''[[Gaian Democracies]]: Redefining Globalisation and People-Power by John Jopling and Roy Madron''' (2003) were both very influential on our thinking. They introduced us to the principles behind Spain’s huge co-operative network Mondragon, and other large scale business with innovative organisational structures such VISA International and Semco in Brazil.<br />
<br />
In A New Way to Govern Turnbull summarised the terminal flaws of command and control hierarchies: the tendency of centralised power to corrupt; the difficulty of managing complexity; and the suppression of “natural” — human —checks and balances. In their place he proposed organisations which are able to “break complexity down into manageable units, and decompose organisational decision-making into a network of independent control centres.” In short, his thesis argued that command and control hierarchies must be replaced by “network governance” and that where this includes stakeholders — not merely staff but customers, communities, suppliers or distributors — a whole new dimension of economic, social and political benefit opens up.<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)"<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Company Formats]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Cooperativism]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Open_Cooperatives&diff=90566Open Cooperatives2015-04-25T08:03:20Z<p>Dante: platform cooperativism , software list</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<br />
<br />
=Characteristics=<br />
<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Michel Bauwens==<br />
<br />
#That coops need to be statutorily (internally) oriented towards the common good <br />
#That coops need to have governance models including all stakeholders<br />
#That coops need to actively co-produce the creation of immaterial and material commons<br />
#That coops need to be organized socially and politically on a global basis, even as they produce locally.<br />
<br />
Example: [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
==Criteria as Proposed by Josef Davies-Coates==<br />
<br />
"Co-ops that combine best practices from the international co-operative movement with best practices from the open source software and hardware communities are now possible. Soon anyone will be able to set up an Open Co-op and invite all their stakeholders to help finance, govern and organise the co-op online."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples=<br />
<br />
Pioneering examples:<br />
<br />
==[[Catalan Integral Cooperative]]==<br />
<br />
* [http://blog.p2pfoundation.net/cooperativa-integral-catalana-as-a-living-model-of-open-cooperativism/2014/08/08 The Cooperative Integral Catalana as a living model of open cooperativism]<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Sensorica]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Sensorica are an ‘Open Value Network’ focussed on two primary activities: creating open hardware products; and developing the Open Value Network (OVN) model. OVNs are variously described as “people creating value together, by contributing work, money and goods, and sharing the income” a “framework for many-to-many innovation” and a “model for commons-based peer production.” The basic concept is very similar to the Bettermeans “contribution-based-rewards” idea, but in OVNs contributions other than completed tasks are also accounted for. They are currently working with Bob Haugen and Lynn Foster at Mikorizal Software to develop a prototype open source value accounting platform called ValNet."<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Enspiral]] Network==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Enspiral is made up of three parts: The Enspiral Foundation, Enspiral Services and Startup Ventures. I’d say they’re the best current example of an Open Co-op, but how they actually describe themselves is as “a virtual and physical network of companies and professionals working together to create a thriving society” and as an “experiment to create a collaborative network that helps people do meaningful work.” A core part of their strategy is to open source their model. In short, not only are they doing almost exactly what United Diversity wants to do — they’re also building the open source tools actually needed to do it!<br />
<br />
The Enspiral Foundation is the charitable company at the heart of the Enspiral network. It’s the legal custodian of assets held collectively by the network, and the entity with which companies and individuals have a formal relationship. Decisions are made using [[Loomio]] and budgets are set using [[Cobudget]].<br />
<br />
A network of professionals work together in teams to offer Enspiral Services, a range of business services under one roof. By default members pool 20% of their invoices into a collective bucket, 25% of which goes to the Foundation. Loomio and Cobudget are then used to decide how to spend the rest. For Startup Ventures, Enspiral works with social entrepreneurs to launch start-ups who then support the work of the Foundation, and Enspiral as a whole, through flexible revenue share agreements: ventures choose their own contribution rate, usually around 5% of revenue."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Tools=<br />
<br />
==[[Microgenius]]== <br />
<br />
(and other funding tools)<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Originally started by Cambridge-based entrepreneur Emily Mackay, Microgenius is the UK’s first platform for community share offers and is now part of the Community Shares Unit. Societies can also sell shares via Crowdfunder and BuzzBnk, and can advertise share issues on Ethex, the Trillion Fund, and on Shares.coop — where the widest range of live Community Share Offers in the UK are listed. Co-operative Companies Limited by Shares can do equity crowdfunding on Crowdcube (which also powers Microgenius) and Seedrs.<br />
<br />
Open source platforms specifically created to help open and/or co-operative projects include: Goteo for crowdfunding the commons; Open Funding and Bountysource for cofunding free software; Gittip for giving small weekly cash gifts to people you love and are inspired by; Snowdrift, a monthly matched patronage system; and Coopfunding.net, a wordpress powered crowdfunding platform for co-ops in Spain (we’ve got plans for something similar in the UK). Catarse, Selfstarter and tilt are other open source options, and there are numerous bitcoin powered platforms out there, too (e.g. Swarm)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[One Click Coop]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"One Clicks Orgs, a social enterprise whose strapline is “Legal Structures and Group Voting Made Easy,” created the One Click Co-op in partnership with Co-operatives UK and NESTA. Launched in June 2013 and approved by UK regulators it is the first fully-online co-operative structure in the world. The open source platform permits members to contribute agenda items, browse archived minutes and participate in votes electronically. It’s pretty awesome, but having been built on a relative shoestring also pretty basic. Only Co-operatives UK’s multi-stakeholder co-operative rules are supported and you can’t, for example, the balance the interests of stakeholder groups by giving them different proportions of overall control (like you can with the Somerset Rules)."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==[[Loomio]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Loomio — a free and open source tool for collaborative decision-making — is what happened when Enspiral met Occupy. Enspiral were committed to being a flat organisation, empowering employees to be autonomous and involved in leadership and decision making. But without the right platform, the overheads of engaging lots of people made it hard to deliver on this grand vision. In practice, only a few people were making most of the important decisions. Similarly, Occupy activists were finding it hard to make consensus decisions with large groups of people. Loud voices dominated and people with less time to commit to the process were being marginalised. They were missing out on the power of including a truly diverse range of perspectives. Together they developed Loomio."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==[[Cobudget]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Cobudget is another open source app being developed by Enspiral. It works like this: each month contributions to collective funds are published. Everyone can see who contributed what and how much money is in the budget. Basic core expenses (previously collectively agreed on Loomio) are subtracted and what’s left is the discretionary budget. Each person or company retains the right to allocate their part of discretionary funds and anyone in the network can start a “bucket” — a proposal to do work that requires funding. They write up a proposal making their case for why the work they want to do will benefit everyone and why they are the right person to deliver the project. Everyone then considers the buckets and decides which ones to “fill” with their portion of the discretionary budget. If people collectively feel like a project is a good use of resources, it will get funded. If there are critical budgeting priorities taking precedence, “nice to have” projects won’t get any funds that round. Funders can split up their allocations as they like, or put it all in one bucket. In aggregate, the result is a budget that reflects the collective priorities of the group, determined in proportion to real stakeholding and in the context of the big picture goals. The entire process takes place transparently."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The [[Open App Ecosystem]]==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Building on the work of Loomio and Cobudget the Open App Ecosystem is an Enspiral project to develop suite of integrated and open sourced apps which support transparent, democratic and decentralised organising. The aim is for the software to act as a delivery mechanism for cultural viruses which decentralise money, information and control and promote happiness, empowerment and wellbeing throughout an organisation. They also have the side effect of helping organisations become more efficient, resilient and adaptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
==Longer List of [[Platform_Cooperativism]] related Software Projects==<br />
<br />
[[Platform_Cooperativism]]<br />
<br />
=History=<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates has developed a concept of open cooperatives which focuses on open and transparent non-hierarchical distributed governance and ownership. See: [http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/ Open Co-ops: Inspiration, Legal Structures and Tools]<br />
<br />
Michel Bauwens developed a concept of open cooperatives that stresses the co-production of open commons. See: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Antecedents and Inspirations==<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
* "The [[Open Organisations Project]] emerged. Their goal was “to explain how to set up and maintain transparent, accountable and truly participative communities” and they came up with a useful set of six process and eight functional rules together with some basic guidelines for how to implement them."<br />
<br />
* The [[Viable System Model]] (VSM): "Stafford Beer used the term ‘viable system’ to describe the same thing and outlined some of their properties in the VSM. <br />
<br />
In short, the model says that in order to be viable (i.e., able to autonomously adapt and survive in response to a changing environment) a system must have the following five sub-systems:<br />
<br />
#System 1: Interacting operational units. Think organs in a body, or players in a team.<br />
#System 2: Responsible for stability and conflict resolution between operational units.<br />
#System 3: An ‘Internal Eye’ optimising and generating synergies between operational units.<br />
#System 4: An ‘External Eye’ allows strategies and plans to adapt to a changing environment.<br />
#System 5: Where ultimate authority lies and is responsible developing policy.<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Bettermeans]] and The [[Open Enterprise Manifesto]]: In April 2010 a project called Bettermeans “formed to promote the values of openness, transparency, autonomy, contribution-based-rewards (meritocracy), democracy, integrity, and values-oriented, purpose-driven work” released The Open Enterprise Manifesto. It was a familiar story: replace “the command and control hierarchy” with “collaboration and open participation;” create organisations “more like living dynamic networks, and less like pyramids;” plus the standard mentions of Linux, Wikipedia, Mondragón and Visa to demonstrate how aspects of the model had already been shown to work at scale. Bettermeans were trying to bring these various aspects together in a single cohesive model, and they made a pretty good stab at building the necessary tools to make such a model widely available and adoptable."<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)<br />
<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
==Towards a [[Open Coop Development Agency]]==<br />
<br />
As proposed by Henry Tam:<br />
<br />
"I’m thinking that the priority should be given to the setting up of some form of Open Coop Development Agency – it could be a stand-alone or a federated network with existing pro-Open Coop groups and institutions as supporters. <br />
<br />
Scale is important, but we know that effective coop federation can give us big organisational clout while retaining accountability to small autonomous units. And what would OCDA do? From your report and other writings colleagues have produced, I would say an 8-point programme: <br />
<br />
1. Promote and provide learning on why and how open cooperatives should be set up and developed.<br />
<br />
2. Provide coop business angels to give advice (on a voluntary basis; funded by a central body supported by members’ contributions; or a fee on terms agreed with the advice-receiver).<br />
<br />
3. Arrange low cost loans/investment.<br />
<br />
4. Arrange cooperatisation of non open coop businesses (arranging for discussions/voting sessions, lending money to workers to take over the business).<br />
<br />
5. Work with political parties to secure commitments to pro-open cooperativist policies.<br />
<br />
6. Negotiate with local and national govt to set up community owned trusts, and other appropriate policy actions.<br />
<br />
7. Adjudicate/mediate between multi-stakeholders.<br />
<br />
8. Safeguard open coops from sell-outs or unprincipled takeovers.<br />
<br />
If these elements are already covered by a range of organisations, then joining them under a much higher profile umbrella would itself give impetus to maximising their synergy (1 is certainly the raison detre of Synergia!). <br />
<br />
Historically, if we look at the development of social democracy in Sweden in early 20th century, or the rise of the New Right in the US in the 1970s/1980s, the key change came from the establishment of organisations that are dedicated to drive hitherto disparate movements and fragmented forces into a common mutually-reinforcing change programme."<br />
(email 2/2015)<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
* why we need [[Open Cooperatives]]: [[Why We Need a New Kind of Open Cooperativism for the P2P Age]]<br />
<br />
* in-depth rationale: [[From the Communism of Capital to a Capital for the Commons]]<br />
<br />
* [[Platform Cooperativism]] , Software list<br />
<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
<br />
===Article===<br />
<br />
'''*From the Communism of Capital to Capital for the Commons: Towards an Open Co-operativism. By Michel Bauwens, Vasilis Kostakis. Triple C, Vol 12, No 1 (2014)''' <br />
<br />
URL = http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/561<br />
<br />
"Abstract<br />
<br />
Two prominent social progressive movements are faced with a few contradictions and a paradox. On the one side, we have a re-emergence of the co-operative movement and worker-owned enterprises which suffer from certain structural weaknesses. On the other, we have an emergent field of open and Commons-oriented peer production initiatives which create common pools of knowledge for the whole of humanity, but are dominated by start-ups and large multinational enterprises using the same Commons. Thus we have a paradox: the more communist the sharing license used in the peer production of free software or open hardware, the more capitalist the practice. To tackle this paradox and the aforementioned contradictions, we tentatively suggest a new convergence that would combine both Commons-oriented open peer production models with common ownership and governance models, such as those of the co-operatives and the solidarity economic models."<br />
<br />
===Books===<br />
<br />
Josef Davies-Coates:<br />
<br />
"Two books, '''A New Way to Govern: Organisations and Society after Enron by Shann Turnbull''' (2002), and '''[[Gaian Democracies]]: Redefining Globalisation and People-Power by John Jopling and Roy Madron''' (2003) were both very influential on our thinking. They introduced us to the principles behind Spain’s huge co-operative network Mondragon, and other large scale business with innovative organisational structures such VISA International and Semco in Brazil.<br />
<br />
In A New Way to Govern Turnbull summarised the terminal flaws of command and control hierarchies: the tendency of centralised power to corrupt; the difficulty of managing complexity; and the suppression of “natural” — human —checks and balances. In their place he proposed organisations which are able to “break complexity down into manageable units, and decompose organisational decision-making into a network of independent control centres.” In short, his thesis argued that command and control hierarchies must be replaced by “network governance” and that where this includes stakeholders — not merely staff but customers, communities, suppliers or distributors — a whole new dimension of economic, social and political benefit opens up.<br />
(http://stirtoaction.com/open-co-ops-inspiration-legal-structures-and-tools/)"<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Company Formats]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Open Cooperativism]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90404Platform Cooperativism2015-04-04T23:13:43Z<p>Dante: /* Examples */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Also see this article revolving around Open Value Networks :<br />
<br />
http://commonsfest.info/en/2015/anichta-diktia-axias/<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
===Similar Minded===<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:P2P Economic Networks]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90194Platform Cooperativism2015-03-06T12:19:25Z<p>Dante: /* Project Pages */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
===Similar Minded===<br />
<br />
But possibly not completely ? :<br />
<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90189Platform Cooperativism2015-03-05T00:41:54Z<p>Dante: /* Project Pages */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
Brent<br />
* http://bshambaugh.org/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90112Platform Cooperativism2015-02-26T00:59:51Z<p>Dante: /* Related topics */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
* https://github.com/noflo/noflo<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90111Platform Cooperativism2015-02-26T00:13:02Z<p>Dante: /* Related topics */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* http://noflojs.org/<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90089Platform Cooperativism2015-02-25T03:28:21Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc<br />
* http://blog.metamaps.cc<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
=Research Institutes for Collaborations ?=<br />
<br />
* Agile Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web (AKSW) - Leipzig, Germany<br />
http://aksw.org/About.html<br />
<br />
* wimmics: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities and semantics - France<br />
http://wimmics.inria.fr/<br />
<br />
* Institute For Data Driven Design , MIT , United States<br />
https://idcubed.org/ , http://www.media.mit.edu/<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90065Platform Cooperativism2015-02-23T23:09:31Z<p>Dante: /* =Further potentials ? */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
==Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc , <br />
* https://metamaps.hackpad.com/<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
<br />
=More Information=<br />
<br />
( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dantehttps://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/index.php?title=Platform_Cooperativism&diff=90064Platform Cooperativism2015-02-23T23:09:12Z<p>Dante: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
= concept and practice suggested by [[Trebor Scholz]], in the article: "Platform Cooperativism vs. the Sharing Economy" [https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad]<br />
<br />
<br />
=Description=<br />
<br />
Excerpted :<br />
<br />
'''" Worker–owned cooperatives could design their own apps-based platforms, fostering truly peer-to-peer ways of providing services and things "'''<br />
<br />
<br />
=Examples= <br />
<br />
... of ongoing projects:<br />
<br />
( [http://hitchwiki.org/en/Dante Dante-Gabryell Monson] ) suggesting the<br />
spirit of Platform Cooperativism being empowered by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data#Linked_Open_Data Open Linked Data] approaches :<br />
<br />
* [[Loomio]] http://loomio.org/ , including [https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp Open API approach] <br />
<br />
* [[Assemblée Virtuelle]] , [[Rhizi]] , [[Open Value Network]] / [[Mikorizal Software]] , [[Netention]] , [[Metamaps]] Gen3 , ...<br />
<br />
Links to Code and various projects below <br />
<br />
==Related Coop Models==<br />
<br />
* [[Open Cooperatives]]<br />
* [[Data Cooperatives]]<br />
<br />
==Some ongoing software projects==<br />
<br />
===MindMap of Some Projects===<br />
<br />
Map made by Ishan Shapiro<br />
<br />
http://metamaps.cc/maps/469 <br />
<br />
===Code===<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/assemblee-virtuelle/<br />
* https://github.com/read-write-web<br />
* https://github.com/lanthaler/Hydra<br />
* https://github.com/open-app ( related to enspiral / loomio )<br />
* https://github.com/open-app/cobudget<br />
* https://github.com/automenta/netjs ; https://github.com/automenta/netentionj ( netention )<br />
* https://github.com/valnet/ ( NRP ? ) <br />
* https://github.com/openvocab/ovn ( Sensorica / OVN ) <br />
* https://github.com/tav/ampify ( Espians ? )<br />
* https://github.com/willzeng/WikiNets ( Rhizi )<br />
* https://github.com/d-cent ( D-cent )<br />
* https://github.com/node-red/node-red ( Internet of things )<br />
* https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki ( Metacurrency Ceptr )<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop ( Metamaps second generation - there is another non published third generation using Linked Data ? )<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-jsonld/graphs/contributors<br />
* https://github.com/mcollina/levelgraph-n3/graphs/contributors ( [[Elf Pavlik]] contributed ) <br />
<br />
* https://github.com/uf6/design/issues<br />
<br />
* https://docs.openmustardseed.org/next-steps/source-code/ ( open mustardseed )<br />
<br />
<br />
==Blockchain ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/project-douglas/eris<br />
* Ethereum<br />
<br />
===Further potentials ?==<br />
<br />
* https://github.com/telehash/node-telehash<br />
* Ripple<br />
<br />
==Artificial Intelligence ?==<br />
<br />
* https://code.google.com/p/open-nars/<br />
* https://github.com/opencog<br />
<br />
note : Netentionj interfaces with OpenNars capability.<br />
<br />
==Project Pages==<br />
<br />
<br />
Hydra API and Linked Data Fragments<br />
* http://www.hydra-cg.com/<br />
* http://linkeddatafragments.org/<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]]<br />
* http://assemblee-virtuelle.org/<br />
<br />
[[Enspiral]] / [[Loomio]] / [[Cobudget]]<br />
* http://www.enspiral.com/<br />
* https://www.loomio.org/<br />
* http://cobudget.co/<br />
Enspiral Video's<br />
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe_mvnDRyQo<br />
* http://vimeo.com/90498374<br />
<br />
Bob's #ovni / Open Value Networks with [[Sensorica]] as [[Mikorizal]]<br />
* http://mikorizal.org/about.html<br />
* https://github.com/bhaugen , <br />
* http://valnet.webfactional.com/ , <br />
* http://www.sensorica.co/value-networks<br />
* [[Open Value Network]] [http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/NRP_for_value_networks NRP's]<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ztnDX-Cf-PmQPUNxAfntNBBpLH9mhsQ2lrJ77Ty8Plw/edit#slide=id.p Resource Type Setup Slides]<br />
* [https://github.com/openvocab/ovn OVN Open Vocabulary]<br />
<br />
Ishan / Connor and co's [[Metamaps]] ( Its third Generation - not currently online )<br />
* http://metamaps.cc , <br />
* https://metamaps.hackpad.com/<br />
* http://metamaps.cc/maps/915<br />
Second Generation Metamaps<br />
* https://github.com/Connoropolous/metamaps_gen002/tree/develop<br />
<br />
Eyal , Dor and co's [[Rhizi[[ / [[WikiNets]] <br />
* http://www.rhizi.org/<br />
<br />
Dan and Seth [[Netention]] based [[Curiosume]] <br />
* http://www.curiosume.org<br />
<br />
Other netention relating systems ? <br />
including Daniel's [[Weboftrust]] with [[Ripple]] <br />
* http://weboftrust.net/<br />
<br />
MIT MediaLab related #[[IDcubed]] , #projectmustardseed and #idhypercubed <br />
"Project Mustard Seed" <br />
* http://idhypercubed.org/wiki/ProjectMustardSeed ,<br />
* http://docs.openmustardseed.org/ , <br />
* http://idcubed.org ( including networks of contracts )<br />
* [[Stample]] https://stample.co/login<br />
<br />
Other potentially related projects / internet of things :<br />
* [[Alchematter]] : http://www.alchematter.org/<br />
<br />
[[Nodered]] ( internet of things )<br />
* http://nodered.org/ <br />
<br />
Larky's Noomap ( also based on Javascript , Json ? ... )<br />
* http://www.noomap.com/ ( same as with metamaps Gen3 - code not published , yet ? ) <br />
<br />
D-Cent <br />
* [[Decentralised_Citizens_ENgagement_Technologies]]<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu<br />
* http://dcentproject.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/D4.1-State-of-the-Art_new.pdf<br />
<br />
<br />
Eric Harris Braun and Arthur Brock's [[Metacurrency Project]]<br />
* http://metacurrency.org/<br />
MetaCurrency developing #SemanticTree , #DistributedDataEngine , ... <br />
Eric and Arthur<br />
* http://zippy.github.io/ceptr/<br />
* http://ceptr.org/<br />
[[Ceptr]] is a new distributed computing platform for semantic self-describing data and protocols.<br />
Here you will find the API and technical documentation for the ceptr codebase.<br />
Other documentation and background information can be found here:<br />
Developer Wiki at: https://github.com/zippy/ceptr/wiki<br />
Ceptr Apocalypse at: https://ceptr.org/apocalypse (Unveiling the Technology)<br />
<br />
==Online Forums==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Loomio]] Forum <br />
* https://www.loomio.org/g/exAKrBUp/openapp<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Sensorica]] Mailinglists :<br />
* http://valuenetwork.referata.com/wiki/Main_Page#Discussions_-_social_media<br />
<br />
[[Assemblée Virtuelle]] Facebook :<br />
https://www.facebook.com/AssembleeVirtuelle<br />
<br />
[[Ouishare]] Labs :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/OuiShare.Labs/<br />
* http://labs.ouishare.net/<br />
<br />
Network of Networks :<br />
<br />
* https://www.facebook.com/groups/224544847711884/293754190790949/?notif_t=group_activity<br />
<br />
==Events & Collectives?==<br />
<br />
Open Chateau , 12 December 2014 , Château de Millemont (45 min from Paris)<br />
* http://www.meetup.com/Assemblee-Virtuelle/events/219007338/ <br />
<br />
POC21 ( Château de Millemont - 45 min from Paris , 5 Week Camp , Summer 2015 <br />
* http://magazine.ouishare.net/2014/12/poc21-open-source-sustainability-accelerator/<br />
* http://poc21.cc/<br />
<br />
Existing (Fab?)Labs or planned Events where people can meet face to face :<br />
<br />
feel free to add / suggest info ...<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Age of Platforms - Loomio Open App==<br />
<br />
Excerpted from [[Enspiral]]'s [[Loomio]]'s [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Communicating Open App] : <br />
<br />
"Most networking and ‘sharing economy’ apps are platforms. The user signs up and joins a centralised platform from a single provider and connects to others on the same platform. <br />
<br />
We view platforms as isolated silos that push entrepreneurs to compete rather than collaborate, waste effort writing the same boilerplate code rather than innovate, follow a risky strategy that ultimately degrades user experience and rights, and benefits financial investors over other stakeholders. <br />
<br />
Building a platform obliges entrepreneurs to follow a ‘speed-to-market’ strategy - become the dominant player with the largest user-base as fast as possible before a competitor gets there first. The more users, the more people there are with whom to connect, trade and share, the more attractive the platform appears to further users. Platform builders dream of runaway ‘viral growth’ when their platform gains enough gravity to pull in users with little direct marketing effort. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, growing rapidly is expensive and providers can’t initially charge for the service lest they scare users away. It almost always involves large amounts of investor cash who will want a financial return at a later date and stiff competition from rivals offering similar services. <br />
<br />
If a platform survives and becomes the dominant player an uneasy relationship forms with the users. To keep investors happy the provider must now monetise by upping fees, or selling ads and user-data. Monetisation degrades the user’s experience and risks an exodus to a cheaper, shinier competitor. Users might get a useful service but give up rights to their data and control of their online experience. <br />
<br />
At the same time, it can be difficult for different platforms working on similar ideas to collaborate, even if the platforms are open-source. If someone starts a similar platform you might worry that they will take all the users. <br />
<br />
If someone makes an app that uses the same protocols then they’ve just added to the ecosystem, and made your app more valuable."<br />
<br />
=Discussion=<br />
<br />
[[User:Dante]] : <br />
<br />
What leads people to generating engagements amongst each other ? How are Social Contracts generated ? How can technology, such as [[Linked Data]] and [[Open Data]] be used to facilitate Resource Allocation in forms of Emergent Management , enabling increased Situational Awareness ?<br />
<br />
I see money as a social contract, as metadata produced out of a debt contract. I see potential in enabling a directed graphed approach to blend a variety of metadata, generating our own layers of metadata , developing an understanding of their interdependencies and externalities.<br />
Contextualize needs and offers, suggestions and intentions ( [[Netention]] - [https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/156YzIeH-eoYFl9nMzFxofQ55KVoksqusS0pYYL4WVaA/edit?pli=1#slide=id.g11fd49659_037 Slides] )<br />
<br />
I imagine an emergent approach to governance and finance,<br />
which could enable a transfer of resources into [http://p2pfoundation.net/Relational_Model_Typology_-_Fiske communal shareholding dynamics] , in support of the [[Commons]] , reducing hoarding , artificial scarcity, infinite accumulation of property.<br />
<br />
Such tools are still in development ( various softwares , many open source : rhizi, metamaps, netention, nrp, ... ) with ideally open api's to facilitate cross platform usage of linked data.<br />
<br />
==Related topics==<br />
<br />
Context and Links<br />
* http://sharewiki.org/en/Transaction_Graphs_2014<br />
<br />
More Links<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/netention<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/loomio<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/openvaluenetworks ( and other related tags )<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/blockchain<br />
* https://www.diigo.com/user/dante-gabryell/semanticweb<br />
<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_allocation<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_systems<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Intelligence_2.0<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_data<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract<br />
<br />
<br />
* [[Smart Contracts]] <br />
* [[Codius]] http://codius.org/<br />
* [[Crypto Equity]] <br />
* [http://cointelegraph.com/news/112077/the-new-frontier-after-cryptocurrency-cryptoequity After cryptocurrency,cryptoequity]<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin#The_block_chain_ledger <br />
* [[Bitcoin]]<br />
<br />
* [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Semantic Web Design Issues]<br />
* [http://www.programmableweb.com/news/why-linked-data-major-theme-apicon-london/analysis/2014/09/11 About Linked Data]<br />
<br />
* [[Relational Model Typology - Fiske]]<br />
* [http://cashwiki.org/en/Debt_to_Intention Debt to Intention]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cB0xpEyWDM4TTXBkggpd-IWB4B-HF9WRbGIutYNb5bk/edit Loomio Open App Intro ]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/document/d/10M-mgvHZ-sRAdi3xRp9dznH0B-ngtR0__2pTIWOadUE/edit Meoh Intro]<br />
<br />
* [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bz8cVS8LoO7OS0wyWG9zLXExVk0/edit " Economics 2.0: The Natural Step towards a Self-Regulating, Participatory Market Society "]<br />
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=More Information=<br />
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( archived versions - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150207021733/https://medium.com/@trebors/platform-cooperativism-vs-the-sharing-economy-2ea737f1b5ad 1] , [https://archive.today/uxUiA 2] )<br />
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[[Category:Cooperatives]]</div>Dante