Difference between revisions of "Category:Policy"
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'''Kris Roose looked to his schooltime Latin dictionaries, and discovered:''' | '''Kris Roose looked to his schooltime Latin dictionaries, and discovered:''' | ||
− | The origin of words as common, community, communication, munition, municipality is ''munis'', a (defence) wall. The verb ''munire'' (still used in French) means "to provide the building blocks of that wall". Munition originally meant the weapons used on that wall. A com-munity is the group behind the same ''munis'', and a municipality is the organization | + | The origin of words as common, community, communication, munition, municipality is ''munis'', a (defence) wall. The verb ''munire'' (still used in French) means "to provide the building blocks of that wall". Munition originally meant the weapons used on that wall. A com-munity is the group behind the same ''munis'', and a municipality is the organization or government of that community. ''Munia'' are the public duties and office on those defence buildings. Communication is the interaction between the people behind the defence wall. Communist is a member of a commune, a French social and political community. During the French Revolution it was the name of the government of Paris from 1789 until 1795. |
The etymology is very suggestive: a community shares a higher level of intimacy and vulnerability, protected by a wall against more primitive (aggressive, military) interactions. | The etymology is very suggestive: a community shares a higher level of intimacy and vulnerability, protected by a wall against more primitive (aggressive, military) interactions. |
Revision as of 23:35, 15 September 2007
Contents
Introduction
This new category, created in June 2006, will focus on proposals to promote the P2P, Open/Free, and Commons-related agenda, in the existing political and institutional systems.
The P2P Foundation supports the emerging Coalition of the Commons, the Commons Network and is sympathetic to the proposals of the Pirate Party as well as the Bill of Rights for Users of the Social Web
These pages will also include records on activist campaigns.
In the related pages on Standards we define the technical requirements for an open and free internet.
The key question here is: What are the Policy Implications of an Open Design World?
Key Articles
- Markets are inefficient for non-rival goods. Josh Farley
- Infrastructure Commons in Economic Perspective. Brett M. Frischmann.
- Complementing the Welfare State with a Partner State. Peter Fleissner.
- On IP, the US is out of step with the world]. Michael Geist
- Al Gore on the Internet and Democracy
Short Citations
Meliorism treats salvation as neither inevitable nor impossible. It treats it as a possibility, which becomes more and more of a probability the more numerous the actual conditions of salvation become.
- William James [1]
Competitive market based allocation may be appropriate for rival resources that can be exclusively owned, but are inappropriate for non-rival resources or those that cannot be exclusively owned.
- Josh Farley [2]
The basic argument of copyright abolitionists is that people should be free to share when sharing does not result in any diminution of supply.
- Karl Fogel [3]
The future will reward those who collaborate, and that collaboration may even save the asses of those who don't.
- Cliff Figallo [4]
The single most fundamental impact from all of these new capabilities may be felt in connection with the way in which we form the middle tier of the social fabric — organized, persistent, collaborating (non–governmental) groups.
- David Johnson [5]
Long Citations
Josef Stiglitz, on why drug patents are costing lives
"Knowledge is like a candle, when one candle lights another it does not diminish its light.' In medicine, patents cost lives. The US patent for turmeric didn't stimulate research, and restricted access by the Indian poor who actually discovered it hundreds of years ago. 'These rights were intended to reduce access to generic medicines and they succeeded.' Billions of people, who live on $2-3 a day, could no longer afford the drugs they needed. Drug companies spend more on advertising and marketing than on research. A few scientists beat the human genome project and patented breast cancer genes; so now the cost of testing women for breast cancer is 'enormous." (http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/333/7582/1279)
Alexander Schellong: Complexity requires Participation
"Hierarchical government structures are the dominant model for public service delivery and meeting public policies. Although desired outcomes are mostly realized, this set-up turns out to have various downsides. Results are a silo like, inward-looking culture, slow decision making, change awareness or knowledge diffusion. While the latter also led to an institutionalized disconnect from citizens it can cause system failures when information and decision making transcends organizational and jurisdictional boundaries. Hurricane Katrina, the Avian Flu, various non-prevented terrorist attacks are such representative cases.
In addition, public administration has become continuously more complex. Economic, social, political and technological developments in the past decades have lead to a growth of the administrative apparatus, its size, power and obligations. Market-based reforms have optimized agency operations and privatized public services through contracting-out (i.e. Public Private Partnerships) or completely conferring them to the private sector. Hence, public managers and policy makers have to work within a sphere of multiple stakeholders and understand interdependent relationships for service provision, regulation and policy making. Knowing whom to hold accountable and a general understanding of this complex system is important for legislators as well as for citizen.
From: What Can Governments Do? 1. Access; 2. Dialogue; 3. Transparency; 4. Internal change" (http://www.iq.harvard.edu/blog/netgov/2006/09/the_connected_citizen.html)
David Bollier: Competing 'on top' of the Commons
"One of the best ways to stimulate competition, innovation and lower prices is for participants in a market to honor the commons (a shared pool of resources, a minimal set of safety or performance standards) and then to compete "on top" of the commons. Instead of being able to reap easy profits from monopoly control over something everyone needs -- say, a computer operating system like Windows -- a company must work harder to "add value" in more specialized ways." (http://onthecommons.org/node/1196)
John Clippinger on the need for Trust-based Policies
"Rather than pitting “free markets” against the “heavy hand” of top down government regulation, a trust approach offers a third alternative, one that creates a “context of trust” whereby conditions of transparency, mutuality and accountability trigger innate self-organizing social exchange processes that in turn catalyze Fukuyama’s spontaneous sociability." (http://www.jclippinger.com/science-of-trust/)
Etymology of Community
Bernard Lietaer [6] suggested:
The origin of the word "community" comes from the Latin munus, which means the gift, and cum, which means together, among each other. So community literally means to give among each other. Therefore I define my community as a group of people who welcome and honor my gifts, and from whom I can reasonably expect to receive gifts in return.
Kris Roose looked to his schooltime Latin dictionaries, and discovered:
The origin of words as common, community, communication, munition, municipality is munis, a (defence) wall. The verb munire (still used in French) means "to provide the building blocks of that wall". Munition originally meant the weapons used on that wall. A com-munity is the group behind the same munis, and a municipality is the organization or government of that community. Munia are the public duties and office on those defence buildings. Communication is the interaction between the people behind the defence wall. Communist is a member of a commune, a French social and political community. During the French Revolution it was the name of the government of Paris from 1789 until 1795.
The etymology is very suggestive: a community shares a higher level of intimacy and vulnerability, protected by a wall against more primitive (aggressive, military) interactions.
Munus, meaning gift, can't be the etymological origin of community, because the root of munus is muner- (plural munera, hence re-muner-ation), and these letters usually don't disappear in natural etymology.
Topical Policy Proposals
What Can Governments Do? Alexander Schellong.
Charles Leadbeater on Three Key Policy Reforms for Mass-based Innovation
Capabilities in the information age. Philippe Aigrain
Challenges of the Global Information Society. Pekka Himanen.
Howard Gardner proposes a Cap on Inequality
Josef Stiglitz warns No Country should enter into a Trade Agreement with the US
Intellectual Property
Knowledge as a Global Public Good. By Joseph Stiglitz.
Some Proposals for Patent Reform
Five Internet Priorities for the U.S. Congress in 2007. Proposed by Lawrence Lessig.
The Threat of Technological Protection Measures to a Development Oriented Information Society: overview of the threat of DRM to the countries of the South
The Proposed WIPO Framework on Traditional Knowledge: Does it meet Indigenous People’s demands
Documentary Filmmakers' Statement' on Fair Use Makes Decisive Impact : example of a successfull advocacy campaign with policy effects. By Pat Aufderheide/
Free Software
Why Software Should Not Have Owners, by Richard Stallman.
Free Software for the Whole World, by Hipatia.
Monetary Reform
David Korten on Monetary Reform
Regional Policy Developments
Europe
- Understanding User-Driven Innovation. Nordic Council of Ministers.
- Danish Government Recommendations on User Innovation Policy and the Danish User-centered Innovation Lab
- Study on the Economic impact of open source software on innovation and the competitiveness of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) sector in the EU; Summary of European Policies to Support Open Source Innovation
- The Open Society Institute on User Rights, Copyright and DRM in the EU
List of European Policy Consultants
South
- Salvador Declaration of Open Access for Developing Countries
- Open Access for Developing Countries
- Towards a Digital Agenda for Developing countries
Selected Policy Resources
Political wiki initiatives that accommodate people with diverse political views:
- Debatepedia, http://debatepedia.org/
- Campaigns Wikia, http://campaigns.wikia.com/wiki/Campaigns_Wikia
- Open Politics Canada, http://www.openpolitics.ca/
Support for Social Innovation projects
Digital Pioneers, Netherlands
The Netculture Labs of the OS Alliance, Austria
Activist Campaigns
Pages in category "Policy"
The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 1,940 total.
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2
A
- A2K Access to Knowledge
- Abundance - Typology
- Accelerating Transformations to Sustainable Food Systems
- Access to Health
- Access to Knowledge in a Network Society
- Accessory Dwelling Unit
- Acqua Beni Comuni Napoli
- Action Plan for Copyright Reform and Culture in the XXIst Century
- Actions Options Tool
- Ada Colau, Barcelona's New Mayor, on Spain's Political Revolution
- Adaptive Architecture, Collaborative Design, and the Evolution of Community
- Advanced Renewable Tariffs
- Advancing the Concept of Public Goods
- Advocacy Networks
- Age of Deleveraging
- Agenda for a New Economy
- Aggregate Abundance
- Agriculture Supported Communities
- Al Gore on the Internet and Democracy
- Alain Ruche
- Alberto Cottica
- Algorithms as Regulatory Objects
- Alliance for Lobbying Transparency and Ethics Regulation
- Alliance for Public Technology
- Alliance for Taxpayers Access
- Alternative Forms of Common-Interest Communities
- Alternative Incentives for Health and Pharma
- Alternative Internets
- Alternative Models of Ownership
- Alternative Policies for Alternative Internets
- Alternative Progress Indicators
- Alternative Regionalisms
- Alternative Trade Mandate Alliance
- Alternatives to Pharmaceutical Patents
- Amateur to Amateur
- Amsterdam Connected and Sustainable Work Policy
- Amsterdam Is Pivoting to Doughnut Economics as Policy Framework
- Analyzing Andrew Yang’s Basic Income Proposal
- Anchor Dashboard
- Anchor Institutions
- Andrea Fumagalli on the Five Criteria To Distinguish a Progressive Interpretation of the Basic Income
- Andreas Karitzis
- Andrew McGettigan on MOOC Boosterism in the Current Higher Education Policy Environment
- Ann Pettfor on Financing the Green Transition
- Anonymity
- Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement
- Anti-Spyware Coalition
- Apple-EU DRM Case
- APRIL
- ARC2020 Roadmap for Commons-Oriented European Agricultural Policy
- Artistic Freedom Voucher
- Artistic Freedom Vouchers
- Association for Sustainability and Democracy
- Association of World Citizens
- Atmosphere Commons
- Atmospheric Commons
- Australian Dollar Is Not Fit For Purpose
- Automatic Boost Act
- Autonomous Reputation Framework
- Autopromozione Sociale
- Auzolan/es
B
- Bad Vista Campaign
- Bank of North Dakota Model
- Barbara van Dyck on the Political Agroecology of Agri-Food Knowledges in Belgium
- Barcelona 5.0 Plan
- Barcelona Activa
- Barcelona City Council Open Digitisation Plan
- Barcelona City Data Commons
- Barcelona City Policies
- Barcelona Commissioner for Cooperative, Social and Solidarity Economy and Consumption
- Barcelona Digital City Plan
- Barcelona MADE Project
- Barcelona Manifesto in Favour of Technological Sovereignty and Digital Rights for Cities
- Basic Income and Productivity in Cognitive Capitalism
- Basic Income as a Minimum Claim to Basic Resources
- Basic Income Guarantee
- Ben Dyson and Andrew Jackson on Positive Money Reform
- Ben Dyson on Positive Monetary Reform
- Benefit Sharing
- Benjamin Barber on City-Based Global Governance
- Berlin Energy Roundtable
- Bernard Lietaer on Transforming the Financial System
- Beyond Digital Inclusion
- Beyond GDP
- Beyond Our Control
- Beyond State Capitalism
- Beyond the Profits System
- Beyond the Technological Revolution
- Beyond Utility 2.0 to Energy Democracy
- Big Data In Our Hands
- Big Data Institutions
- Big Data, Communities and Ethical Resilience
- Big Society
- Bilateral Free Trade Agreements and IP
- Bill Allison and Greg Elin on Open Government Initiatives
- Bill McKibben on Corporate Environmental Responsibility
- Bill of Rights for Users of the Social Web
- Bioregional Democracy
- Biosimilars
- Biosocial Contract
- Biosphere Politics
- Bitforchange/es
- Bits for Carbon Trading
- Blue Economy
- Blueprint for Big Broadband
- Bologna Regulation for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons
- Borders in Cyberspace
- Bottom of the Pyramid
- Bottom-up Broadband for Europe
- Bottom-Up Financial Institutions
- Brad Lander on NYC Municipal Regulations to Protect Gig Economy Workers
- Brave New War
- Brazil Argentina Proposals for the WIPO Development Agenda
- Brazilian Digital Culture Forum
- Breaking Barriers
- Brewster Kahle on What Is Wrong with Google's Book Digitization Programs
- Brian Davey
- Bridging the Digital Divides
- Brief History of Open Initiatives in Brazil
- Bristol's Food Policy and Urban Agriculture Movement
- British Digital Cooperative
- Brittle vs Resilient Systems
- Broadband Policy
- Bruce Yandle on the Tragedy of the Commons and the Implications for Environmental Regulation
- Bryan Camp on the Taxation of Virtual Worlds
- Budapest Open Access Initiative
- Buen Conocer Summit
- Building a Sustainable Economy in a World of Finite Resources
- Building an Economy of the Commons Through Open Distributed Manufacturing Structures
- Building Bottom-Up Finance Solutions for Cooperative Housing in Central and South-Eastern Europe
- Building Public Capabilities Post-Covid - France
- Building Resiliency Through Green Infrastructure
- Bukittinggi Paradigm on Agrarian Reform and Revolution
C
- C40 Megacity Coalition Against Climate Change
- California's Open Textbook Initiative
- Calvert-Henderson Quality of Life Indicators
- Canadian Case Study on the Co-Construction of Public Policy for the Social Economy
- Candidats FR
- Cap and Dividend Carbon Trading Model
- Cap and Reward
- Cap and Share
- Cap and Trade
- Cap and Trade Vs. Carbon Tax as False Choices
- Cap Global Carbon
- Cap, Auction, and Dividend
- Cape Light Compact
- Capetown Open Education Declaration
- Capital Grants for Youth
- Capital Homestead
- Capital Institute
- Capitalism 3.0
- Capitalism as if the World Matters
- Carbon Quantitative Easing
- Carbon Reduction Rewards
- Carbon Sequestration-Based Cryptocurrency
- Carbon Trading System
- Carl-Christian Buhr on the EU Digital Agenda and Open Data
- Carshare Parking Quotas
- Carsharing Policy
- Case for Copyright Reform
- Case for New Models of Public Ownership
- Case for Public Funding and Public Oversight of Clinical Trials
- Case of Basic Income for Third Way Politics after the Global Crisis
- Catalonia Integral Cooperative Commons Transition Proposals
- Center for Data Innovation
- Center for Democracy and Technology
- Center for Internet and Society
- Center for Planetary Culture
- Challenge Corporate Control of Water
- Challenges of the Global Information Society
- Challenging the Chip
- Changes in Urban Governance Under a Radical Left Government in Barcelona
- Changing Societies through Urban Commons Transitions
- Charter for Democracy
- Charter for Innovation, Creativity and Access to Knowledge
- Charter for Internet Rights
- Charter for Transdisciplinarity
- Charter of Human Responsibilities
- Chicago Plan for Monetary Reform
- Chicago Plan for Money Creation
- Choice Architecture
- Chris Cook on P2P Taxation Reform
- Christin Chemnitz
- Christopher Mitchell on Municipal Broadband
- Cidade Democrática in Brazil
- Circular Economy Policies for Cities
- Circular Economy Within Ecological Limits
- Circular Finance
- Circular Humansphere
- Circulation Charge
- Cities and the Circular Economy for Food
- Cities Building Community Wealth