Depth of Exteriors

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* Article: The Depth of Exteriors. By Mark Edwards.

URL = http://www.integralworld.net/edwards12.html

Description

Michel Bauwens, reading notes of 2004:

Mark Edwards challenges the Wilberian view that the right hand quadrants are flat surfaces, and claims they have their own depth and developmental reality. Wilber is in many ways a neo-Piagetian, stressing agency and the cognitive development of the individual which takes in things from the outside. For Vygotsky, it is through the mediation of the whole social-cultural communicative field, but especially through cultural artefacts, such as language and common action, that an individual can develop.

These theories are called CHAT, meaning Cultural, Historical and Activity Theory, and were developed mainly in Russia and Scandinavia. "They have very close links with another tradition of social theorists from America: these are the American social behaviorists such as Charles Cooley, George Herbert Mead, and Herbert Blumer. They acknowledged interior consciousness, but saw it as a result of exterior depth.

Discussing George Herbert Mead's social behaviorism, M.E. notes that it is non-reductive, unlike those forms that are are, such as those that reduce human motives to brain stem neurology (Hull, Watson; ), instrumental learning (Pavlov), and operant conditioning (Skinner)."